SINGLE-PHASE

INDUCTION
MOTOR
WE
MECHANICAL!!!

11/6/16

SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION

MOTOR
Introduction
Types

of single phase
induction motor
Construction of single
phase induction motor
Double revolving field
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INTRODUCTION
Previously were
devoted to the
operation of the two
major classes of ac
machines (synchronous and
induction) on three-phase
power systems.
single-phase motors,
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Cont
Most homes and small businesses
do not have three-phase power
available. For such locations, all
motors must run from singlephase power sources.
Here we are going to deal with
the theory and operation of three
major types of single-phase
motors: the universal motor, the single
phase induction motor & synchronous motor.
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Types of single phase

motor
There

are three types of single

phase motor:a) single-phase induction
motor
b) single-phase synchronous
motor
c) single phase
series(universal) motor
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a) single phase IM
Another

common
single-phase motor is
the single-phase
version of the induction
motor.
Since there is only one
phase on the stator
winding, the magnetic
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cont
Therefore,

there is no
generation of:induced voltage;
rotor current flow;
induced torque.
once the rotor begins to
turn, an induced torque will
be produced.
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Cont
Because

there is no rotating
stator magnetic field, a
single-phase induction motor
has no starting torque.
The stator flux of the
machine first increases and
then decreases, but it always
points in the same direction.
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Cont

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b) Single-phase SM

synchronous motor is
one in which the rotor
normally rotates at the
same speed as the
revolving field in the
machine.
The stator is similar to
that of an induction
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Cont
The

difference is in the rotor,

which normally contains an
insulated winding connected
through slip rings or other
means to a source of DC.
A synchronous motor with only
a field winding carrying a direct
current would not be selfstarting.
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Cont

At

any speed other than

synchronous speed, its rotor
would experience an
oscillating torque of zero
average value as the rotating
magnetic field repeatedly
passes the slower moving
rotor.
Protection for synchronous
motors is similar to that
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Cont

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c) Single-phase series(universal)

universal motor is one

that operates on either
single-phase ac or dc
power. You can get them
in larger sizes for special
conditions.
The stator and rotor
windings in this motor are
connected in series with
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Cont

The

universal motor
doesnt operate at a
constant speed.
The motor runs as fast
as the load permits(i.e.
low speed with a heavy
load & high speed with
a light load.)
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Construction of single-phase IM

The

stator frame consists of

laminations of silicon steel,
usually with a thickness of
about 0.5 millimeter.
The laminations are
insulated from each other
usually by a varnish layer.
This breaks up the
conducting path in the steel
& limits the losses (known as
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Cont

The

magnetic part of the rotor is

also made of steel laminations,
mainly to facilitate stamping
conductor slots of the desired
shape & size.
In most induction motors, rotor
winding is of the squirrel-cage
type where solid conductors in
the slots are shorted together at
each end of the rotor iron by
conducting end rings.
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Double revolving field theory

The

double-revolving-field theory of
single-phase induction motors basically
states that ,
A stationary pulsating magnetic field
can be resolved into two rotating magnetic
fields, each of equal magnitude but
rotating in opposite directions. The
induction motor responds to each magnetic
field separately, and the net torque in the
machine will be the sum of the torques due
to each of the two magnetic fields.

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Cont
The

flux density of the stationary magnetic field is given

by ,
Bs (t) = (Bmax cos wt) j
A clockwise-rotating magnetic field can be expressed
as,
Bcw(t) = (1/2 Bmax cos wt)i (1/2 Bmax sin wt)j
and a counter clockwise-rotating magnetic field can be
expressed as,
Bccw(t) = (1/2 Bmax cos wt)i + (1/2 Bmax
sin wt)j
Notice that the sum of the clockwise &
counterclockwise magnetic fields is equal to the
stationary pulsating magnetic field Bs:
Bs(t)=Bcw(t)+Bccw(t)

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END
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