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SUBMITTED BY:

SHAKTI KR. ACHARYA


2213845

What is Sewage ?
*The Water carried waste from
Residence, Industry & 0ther sources that
includes.
Food scraps, oil and soaps.
Human wastes.
Industrial wastes.
* Also called as Waste-water
* Sewage is composed of 99.9% water &
remaining 0.1% is solid waste material.

What is SEWAGE TREATMENT?


Sewagetreatment

is the process of
removing contaminants from
wastewater, primarily from
householdsewage
Usually refer to sewage treatment,
or domestic wastewater treatment

Where does the wastewater come from?

Residences

(Kitchen, Bathroom.. Etc.)

Commercial

Institution (Business offices, Hotel,


Restaurant.. Etc.)

Industrial

institution (usually require specialized


treatment process)

Run-off Water

* By gravity flow, the waste is on its way to


your local wastewater treatment plant&
Pumping is done if needed.

PURPOSE
To remove

pollutants from waste water


for its recycling.
To promote health concern and public
hygiene.
To preserve aquatic life and wildlife
habitat.
To promote recreation and quality of
life.

Types of treatment

Mechanical treatment
Influx
Removal of large objects
Removal of sand and grit
Primary Sedimentation

Biological treatment
Trickling

bed filter
Activated sludge

Chemical treatment
Disinfection

3 Stages of treatment
Primary
solids

Treatment:

are separated from the influent sewage

Secondary

Treatment :

dissolved

biological matter is converted into a


solid mass by using water-borne bacteria

95%

of the suspended molecules should be


removed

Tertiary

Treatment:

biological

solids are neutralized then disposed,


and treated water may be disinfected
chemically or physically

Treatment Flow chart

PRIMARY TREATMENT

SECONDARY TREATMENT
Utilizes biological treatment
processes
Removes dissolved colloidal
and organic matter from waste
water.
Microorganisms convert non
subsiding solids to subsiding
solids.

Ex;
Removal of Bacteria and protozoa

APPROACHES
TO SECONDARY TREATMENT
FIXED FILM SYSTEMS
SUSPENDED FILM SYSTEMS
LAGOON SYSTEMS

organic matter + O2 CO2 + NH3 + H2o


NH3 NO3Aquatic Nutrient

* FIXED FILM SYSTEMS


Micro-organisms

on substrates such as rocks,


sand or plastic are cultured.
Waste

water is spread over the substrate .

Nutrients

and organic matter are absorbed by


micro-organisms as they grow in size.
Ex;

trickling filters, rotating biological


contactors, and sand filters.

a) Trickling Filter

b) ROTOTIONAL BIOLOGICAL CONTACTOR

c) SAND FILTERS

* Suspended film systems


Stir

& suspend microorganisms in waste


water.
They

absorb organic matter &nutrients from


waste water.
After
Eg:

hours, they settle as sludge..

activated sludge system.. etc.

eg: Activated sludge system

1.
2.

It consists of 2 parts:
An aeration tank
A settling tank(clarifiers)
Aeration tank :it consists of sludge(mixed microbial
culture)which contains bacteria, protozoa, fungi and
algae etc.

* LAGOON SYSTEMS
Consist of in-ground earthen basins in which the waste is
detained for a specified time and then discharged.

They

take advantage of natural aeration and


microorganisms in the wastewater to remove nutrients.

Tertiary treatment
PURPOSE:
* disinfection
* Destruction of harmful (pathogenic)
microorganisms, various disease causing
germs.
It is Done through following methods :

1.Chlorination
2.Ozonization : more powerful but
unstable to store.
3.Ultraviolet light
4.Hydrogen peroxide: similar to
ozone but activators such as formic

SUMMARY

OTHER TREATMENT; SLUDGE


TREATMENT

When the Treatment process is


finished then
The

treated Water Effluent back to


stream after

a final carbon filtration and


chlorination/ DE-chlorination

Sludge

very rich in nutrient

applied directly to land as fertilizer


it can act as good fuel after drying)
composted .

!!!SAVE WATER SAVE LIFE !!!


SO THE RECYCLING OF WATER IS MUST.

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