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ANABOLISME
Fotosintesis (Anabolisme)
REAKSI UMUM :
6CO2 + 12H2O ------------ C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
AN ORGANIK
SM & KLOROFIL
ORGANIK
PIGMEN
KLOROFIL. A = C55H72O5N4Mg
HIJAU TUA
KLOROFIL. B = C55H70O6N4Mg
HIJAU MUDA
Chloroplast
5 m
Mesophyll
Outer
membrane
CO2 O2
Stomata
Intermembrane
Thylakoid
Thylakoid space
space
Stroma Granum
Inner
membrane
1 m
nm
10
Gamma
rays
nm
1 nm
X-rays
10 nm
10 nm
UV
1m
106 nm
Infrared
Microwaves
103 m
Radio
waves
Visible light
380
450
500
Shorter wavelength
Higher energy
550
600
650
700
750 nm
Longer wavelength
Lower energy
Light
Reflected
Light
Kloroplast
Chloroplast
Absorption of light by
chloroplast pigments
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Carotenoids
Absorbed
light
Granum
Transmitted
light
Panjang
Gelombang Sinar
Serapan Klorofil
a&b
CO2
Light
NADP
ADP
+ P
LIGHT
REACTIONS
CALVIN
CYCLE
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
O2
[CH2O
]
(sugar
)
H2O
CO2
FOTOSISTEM 1 & 2
Light
NADP+
ADP
CALVIN
LIGHT
REACTIONS
CYCLE
ATP
NADPH
[CH2O] (sugar)
O2
Primary
acceptor
H 2O
Light
Fd
Pq
e
e
2 H+
+
O2
e
Primary
acceptor
Electron
Transport
chain
Cytochrome
complex
NADP+
reductase
PC
P680
Light
ATP
Photosystem II
(PS II)
Photosystem-I
(PS I)
NADPH
+ H+
P700
NADP+
+ 2 H+
Light
H2O
Input
CO2
NADP+
ADP
CALVIN
CYCLE
LIGHT
REACTION
(Entering one
at a time)
CO2
ATP
NADPH
O2
Rubisco
[CH2O] (sugar)
3 P
3 P
Short-lived
intermediate6
Ribulose bisphosphate
(RuBP)
3
ATP
3-Phosphoglycerate 6 ATP
6 ADP
CALVIN
CYCLE
3 ADP
6 P
1,3-Bisphoglycerate
6 NADPH
6 NADPH+
6 P
(G3P)
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
(G3P)
DAUR CALVIN
sugar)
Output
Glucose and
other organic
compounds
Mesophyll
cell
Mesophyll cell
Photosynthetic
cells of C4 plant Bundleleaf
sheath
cell
PEP carboxylase
Oxaloacetate (4 C) PEP (3 C)
ADP
Vein
(vascular tissue)
Malate (4 C)
C4 leaf anatomy
Stoma
BundleSheath
cell
ATP
Pyruate (3 C)
CO2
CALVIN
CYCLE
Sugar
CO2
CO2
Sugarcane
Pineapple
C4
Organic acid
Mesophyll Cell
Bundlesheath
cell
CALVIN
CYCLE
Sugar
CAM
CO2
1
CO2 incorporated
into four-carbon
organic acids
(carbon fixation)
Organic acids
release CO2 to
Calvin cycle
CO2
Organic acid
CALVIN
CYCLE
Sugar
Night
Day
A REVIEW OF
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
H2O Light reaction
Light
Calvin cycle
CO2
NADP+
ADP
+P1
RuBP
Photosystem II
Electron transport chain
Photosystem I
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
O2
Light reactions:
Are carried out by molecules in the
t hylakoid membranes
Convert light energy to the
chemical
energy of ATP and NADPH
Split H2O and release O2 to the
atmosphere
3-Phosphoglycerate
G3P
Starch
(storage)
Amino acids (Fatty
acids
Sucrose (export)
Calvin cycle reactions:
Take place in the stroma
Use ATP and NADPH to
convert
CO2 to the sugar G3P
Return ADP, inorganic
phosphate, and NADP+
to the light reactions
PUSTAKA
Campbell, N. A., J. B. Recee and L. G.
Mitcheel. 2005. BIOLOGY. Sixth Edition. New
York
Campbell, N. A., J. B. Recee and L. G.
Mitcheel. 2002. BIOLOGI. Jilid. 1, 2, dan 3
(Terjemahan). Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta.
Vilee, C. A., W. F. Walker, Jr. dan R. D.
Barnes., 1988. ZOOLOGI UMUM, Penerbit
Erlangga, Jakarta
http : www // Campbell. com
http : www // myloves.wik.is/General_Biology
http : www // highered.mcgraw-hill.com/
AWAL
SOAL - SOAL
1. Yang mana dari urutan berikut yang menggambarkan
dengan benar aliran elektron selama fotosntesis ?
A. NADPH O2 CO2
B. H2O NADPH Siklus Calvin
C. NADPH klorofil siklus Calvin
D. H2O Fotosistem I Fotosistem II
E. NADPH rantai tranpor elektron O2
2. Kerjasama kedua fotosistem I & II dalam klorofil
dibutuhkan untuk .
F. Oksidasi pusat reaksi fotosistem I
D. Sintesis ATP
G. Pembangkitan gaya gerak proton
H. Fotofosforilasi siklik
E. Reduksi NADP+