FEED WATER

TREATMENT &
MONITORING

14th June 2007

Why treat water?

The main purpose of Feed and Boiler water
treatment is
Inhibition of corrosion
Prevention of deposits on boiler tubes, Super
heaters, turbines
Efficiency of the steam generator

14th June 2007

Ammonia in Feed
Corrosion rate

Ammonia added to the

feed water increases the
pH to 9-9.2, where the rate
of corrosion of steel is the
lowest

9-9.2

pH
14th June 2007

Ammonia addition
Metering pumps are used for ammonia addition
Ammonia procured from market is 25% and is
diluted to maintain 450 to 500 ppb of ammonia in
feed water.
Ammonia is measured in condensate, feed and
steam

14th June 2007

STEAM WATER CYCLE FOR DRUM TYPE

BOILER

HPT

IPT

LPT
Condenser

De aerator

Boiler

HP Heaters

CPU

LP Heaters

DOSING POINTS
14th June 2007

Condensate polishers
All 500MW units require CPU
Mixture of Cation and Anion resins
CEP discharge is fed into the CPU @ 600m3/hr per
CPU
Total 2 CPUs per unit

14th June 2007

Regeneration of CPU
Resin is brought to the regeneration area in the DM
plant
Cation & Anion resins are separated by water flow
and regenerated by acid and alkali respectively.
They are again mixed, washed free of chemicals
and put into the CPU Vessel

14th June 2007

Out put of a CPU Vessel

A CPU vessel approximately deliver the output of
3,00,000 m3 to 4,00,000m3 between two
regenerations

14th June 2007

CYCLE CHEMISTRY DIAGRAM

MAIN STEAM
Parameters

BOILER Drum WATER

Parameters

Sample

Limits

pH

C or S

9.2-9.5

Silica, ppm

C or S

0.4 (on
MCR)

Chloride, ppb

C or S

<50

Phosphate

1-4

Conductivity, S

50 Max

Sample

Limit

pH

8.8-9.2

Silica, ppm

C or S

0.02

Conductivity , S

2.5-5.5

Hardness(Caco3)

DM Plant Outlet

IPT

HPT

LPT
Condenser

De aerator

FEED WATER
Parameters

Sample

Limit

pH

C or S

8.8-9.2

DO, ppb

<5

Hydrazine, ppb
Silica, ppm

15-30
C or S

Conductivity, S

14th June 2007

2.5-5

Limit

pH

6.8-7

Silica, ppm

0.02

Conductivity , S

1.0 Max

Boiler

HP Heaters

LP Heaters

Condensate(CEP discharge)
Parameter

<0.02

Hardness Caco3,ppm

Parameters

Sample

pH

Legend:
C = Continuous, Online
S = Grab, Once in shift

Limit
9-9.2

ACC, S

2.5-5

DO, ppb

10-20

Silica, ppb

C or S

<10

Ammonia,ppm
Hardness(Caco3)

0.5 9Max

Monitoring the parameters

SWAS is the center for monitoring all the steam
and water parameters
Online and offline monitoring is being done round
the clock

14th June 2007

10

Online meters (Contd.)

Dissolved oxygen in De-aerator O/L, Feed and
condensate
Conductivity in Feed, MS, Boiler, CPU I/L & O/L,
After Cation Conductivity in Feed, MS, Boiler, CPU
I/L & O/L
Chloride in boiler

14th June 2007

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