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LINEAER MOTION

By. Harjono, M.Si


SMAN CMBBS

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Describe the definition of several quantitis of motion
2. Analyze linier motion with constant velocity
3. Count quantities of linier motion, linier motion with constant
velocity, and linier motion with constant acceleration
4. Draw a graph of linear motion with constant velocity
5. Draw a graph of linear motion with constant acceleration
6. Determine the displacement of things based on a time
acceleration curve

WHAT MOTION IS?

An Object is called in motion (move) if its position


changes against a reference point.

A. QUANTITIES OF MOTIONS
Positions
Positions represent the location of an object in
a
coordinate system.
1.

A. QUANTITIES OF MOTIONS
2. Distance
Length of actual path travelled by the object
during a motion.

A. QUANTITIES OF MOTIONS
3. Displacement
An Object is displaced when its position is
changed.

Anda berlari mengitari lapangan segi empat


dengan panjang 100 m dan lebar 50 meter
hingga sampai ke tempat semula. Berapa
panjang lintasan yang anda tempuh? Berapa
perpindahan yang Anda lakukan?

SPEED AND VELOCITY

What is Different speed and velocity?


AVERAGE SPEED

Y
rA
rA

A (xA,yA)

Average Velocity

displaceme nt
v
time interval

s
v
t

Sample problem:
1. A car move and travels 100 m in 5 seconds.
Determine the average speed of the car?

Solution
Because s = 100 m and t = 5 seconds, then
V =s/t
V = 100/5 = 20 m/s

A man moves to east that are 70 m and then


goes back to west that is 30 m. if the time
traveled is 70 s, determine:
a. average speed ?
b. average velocity ?

Instantaneous Velocity

Represents the velocity on an object at a


certain time. Or can also be defined as the
average velocity over a time duration that
approaches zero.
lim s
v
t 0 t

ACCELERATION

Acceleration is the change of velocity per


unit of time. Acceleration is a vector
quantities.
Can be determined by mathematical
aquation as follows:

v2 v1 v
a

t 2 t1 t

EXAMPLE

A car, which is initially at rest, reached a


velocity of 36 km/h after 5 second on a
straight street. Calculate the average
acceleration of the car.

Solution:

v v b v a
a

t t b t a
10 0
a
2 m/s 2
5

LINEAR MOTION WITH CONSTANT


VELOCITY/ UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION

Object moves with zero acceleration

x = vt

SAMPLE PROBLEM
1. A train moves from Bandung to jakarta at
07.00 and arrives in jakarta at 09.00. if the
path of the trains is assumed linear and the
speed is constant, determine the speed or
train, if distance Bandung Jakarta = 160 km)

2. Sebuah lori sedang bergerak lurus beraturan


dan menempuh jarak 400 cm dalam 2 sekon.
Tenukan :
a. Kecepatan
b. Lama lori menempuh jarak 25 cm

3.Sebuah sedan yang sedang melaju 10 m/s


berada 100 m dibelakang sebuah jip yang
sedang melaju 5 m/s. berapa detik
diperlukan sedan untuk menyusul jip? Di
manakah sedan menyusul jip

C. LINEAR MOTION WITH


CONSTANT ACCELERATION
Time (s)

Velocity (m/s)

11

14

17

v (m/s)
20

Look move from t=0 to t=5

15

Distance traveled =area under


kurva:

10

1
2

2 17 5 m 47,5 m

t (s)

FORMULATION ACCELARATED
UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION
time

velocity

v0

vt

v vt v0
a

t
t

vt v0 at
vt
v=vt-v0
v0

1
2

v0 vt t

x v0t at
1
2

t (s)

FORMULATION ACCELARATED
UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION

EXAMPLE
1. Anda sedang mengendarai motor dengan
kecepatan 72 km/jam. Tiba-tiba Anda
mengerem motor Anda. Jika perlambatan
maksimum motor Anda adalah 10 m/s
dapatkah Anda berhenti sebelum 5 sekon?

2. Masih untuk kasus yang sama, berapa jarak


yang Anda tempuh mulai dari pengereman
hingga berhenti?

3. An object is accelerated uniformly from rest


and in the first 8 seconds of its motion it
travels 20 m.
Calculate:
a. Average speed
b. Acceleration of object

4. A car is moving with the speed of 72 km/h.


because a child is crossing the road, then the
driver brakes the car. At 10 second since
braking, calculate the acceleration of the car
if:
a. The speed of car becomes 5 m/s
b. The car stops

TASK
1. Sebuah mobil bergerak dengan kelajuan
72 km/jam. 100 m menjelang gerbang
tol, mobil mulai diperlambat sehingga
akhirnya berhenti di gerbang tol.
Tentukan percepatan mobil serta waktu
yang diperlukan sejak mulai diperlambat
sampai berhenti.
2. A particle moves with constant acceleration,
after 5 seconds the particle moves with
velocity 0f 100 m/s, determine its initial
velocity !

VERTICAL MOTION

1. DOWNWARD VERTICAL
MOTION

DOWNWARD VERTICAL MOTION


if the object is droped from high place with
initial velocity is not zero, then the object
will move downward, and it is accelerated of
approximalitely 9,8 m/s2. such motion is
called downward vertical motion.
The quations in a downward Vertical Motion :

1 2
h v 0 t gt
2

v v 0 gt

UPWARD VERTICAL MOTION


If an object is thrown perpendiculary upward,
then the object will move and it has
acceleration of approximately 9,8 m/s2.
The quations in a upward Vertical Motion:

1 2
h v 0 t gt
2

v v 0 gt

FREE FALL MOTION

The free fall motion is the downward vertical


motion, but the initial velocity of object is
equal to zero (vo =0), therefore the equation
of free fall motion is as follows.
1 2
h gt
2

v gt

EXAMPLE
1. Untuk mengetahui kedalaman sebuah

sumur, sebuah batu dijatuhkan ke dalam


sumur tersebut. Ternyata 2 sekon setelah
dijatuhkan
terdengar
bunyi
batu
menumbuk permukaan air sumur. Jika
percepatan gravitasi adalah 10 m/s2,
tentukan kedalaman sumur

solution :
Ingatlah bahwa batu yang dijatuhkan memiliki
pecepatan gravitasi, g (jika tidak disebutkan
maka g = 10 m/s2) yang tetap sehingga
geraknya GLBB.

s = vo t +1/2 at2
= 0 + (10 m/s2 ) 22 s2
= 20 m.
Tinggi sumur itu ternyata 20 meter.

2. A tennis ball is thrown upward with initial


velocity of 25 m/s. (g = 10m/s2)
Determine:
a. Height of the tennis ball at the first 2
second
b. Velocity of tennis ball at the first 2 second
c. Time required by the tennis ball to reach
the highest point
d. The highest point reached by the tennis
ball

SOLUTION
h = vot gt2
h = (25)(2) (10)(22 )
h = 30 m
b. v = vo gt
v = (25) (10)(2) = 5 m/s
c. When reaches the highest point v = 0, therefore:
a.

v v0 gt

0 = 25 10 t
t= 25/10 = 2,5 s
d.h= (25)(2,5) -1/2 (10)(2,5)
= 31,25 m

3. A ball is dropped from peak of tower with


initial velocity is zero. If the height of tower
is 32 m, and g = 10 m/s2, determine:
a. Time to reach the earth
b. Velocity of ball when reaching the earth
Solution:
t
2
c. h=1/2gt
--
d. v=gt atau
v 2 gh

2h
g

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