Chapter #3 Section

Assessment
#1 - 56

Created by DRB, 2011

3.1 section assessment

9. How do measurements relate to
experimental science?
Making correct measurements is
fundamental to the experimental sciences.

3.1 section assessment

10. How are accuracy and precision
evaluated?
Accuracy is the measured value compared
to the correct values. Precision is
comparing more than one measurement.

3.1 section assessment

11. Why must a given measurement always
be reported to the correct number of
significant figures?
The significant figures in a calculated
answer often depend on the number of
significant figures of the measurements
used in the calculation.

3.1 section assessment

12. How does the precision of a calculated
answer compare to the precision of the
measurements used to obtain it?
A calculated answer can not be more
precise than the least precise
measurement used in the calculation.

3.1 section assessment

13. A technician experimentally determined
the boiling point of octane to be 124.1C.
The actual boiling point of octane is
125.7C. Calculate the error and the
percent error.
error = -1.6C; percent error = 1.3%

3.1 section assessment

14. Determine the number of
significant figures in each
of the following.
a. 11 soccer players
b. 0.070020 meter

a. unlimited

c. 10,800 meters

b. 5

d. 5.00 cubic meters

c. 3
d.3

3.1 section assessment

15. Solve the following and
express each answer in
scientific notation and to the
correct number of significant
figures.
a. (5.3 x 10^4) + (1.3 x
10^4)
b. (7.2 x 10^-4)/(1.8 x 10^3)
c. 10^4 x 10^-3 x 10^ 7
d. (9.12 x 10^-1) (4.7 x
10^-2)
e. (5.4 x 10^4) x (3.5 x 10^
9)

a. 6.6 x 10^ 4
b. 4.0 x 10^ -7
c. 10^7
d. 8.65 x 10^ -1
e. 1.9 x 10^ 14

3.2 section assessment

18. Which five SI base units are commonly
used in chemistry?
m, kg, K, s, mol

3.2 section assessment

19. Which metric units are commonly used
to measure length, volume, mass,
temperature, and energy?
Length: cm, m, km;
volume: L, mL, cm^3;
mass: kg, g, mg;
temperature: C, K;
energy: J, cal.

3.2 section assessment

20. Name the quantity measured by each of the
seven SI base units and give the SI symbol of the
unit.
length (m)
mass (kg)
temperature (K)
time (s)
amount of substance (mol)
luminous intensity (cd)
electric current (A)

3.2 section assessment

21. What is the meaning and
symbol of each prefix?
a. millib. nano-

a. m; 10^-3 of the unit

c. deci-

b. n; 10^-9 of the unit

d. centi-

c. d; 10^-1 of the unit

d. c; 10^-2 of the unit

3.2 section assessment

22. List the following units in order from
largest to smallest: m^3, mL, cL, uL, L, dL.
m^3
L
dL
cL
mL
uL

3.2 section assessment

23. What is the volume of a paperback book
21cm tall, 12cm wide, and 3.5cm thick?

8.8 x 10^2 cm^3

3.2 section assessment

24. State the difference between mass and
weight.
Mass is the measure of the amount of
matter in an object. Weight is a measure
of the force of gravity on an object.

3.2 section assessment

25. State the relationship between degrees
Celsius and Kelvins.
C = K - 273

3.2 section assessment

26. Surgical instruments may be sterilized
by heating at 170 C for 1.5hr. Convert 170
C to Kelvins.
443K

3.2 section assessment

27. State the relationship between joules
and calories.
1J = 0.2390 cal

3.3 section assessment

38. What happens to the numerical value of
a measurement that is multiplied by a
conversion factor? What happens to the
actual size of the quantity?
The numerical value( and the unit)
changes; the actual size does not change.

3.3 section assessment

39. Why is dimensional analysis useful?
Dimensional analysis provides an
alternative approach to problem solving.

3.3 section assessment

40. What types of problems can be solved
using dimensional analysis?
Conversion problems

3.3 section assessment

41. What conversion factor
would you use to convert
between these pairs of
units?
a. minutes to hours
b. grams to milligrams
c. cubic decimeters to
milliliters

a. 1hour / 60 min
b. 10^3 mg / 1 g
c. 10^3 mL / 1 dm^3

3.3 section assessment

42. Make the following
conversions. Express your
answers in standard
exponential form.
a. 14.8 g to micrograms
b. 3.72 x 10^-3 kg to
grams
c. 66.3L to cubic
centimeters

a. 1.48 x 10^7 ug
b. 3.72 g
c. 6.63 x 10^4 cm^3

3.3 section assessment

43. An atom of gold has a mass of
3.271 x 10^-22g. How many atoms of gold
are in 5.00 g of gold?
1.53 x 10^22 atoms of gold

3.3 section assessment

44. Convert the
following. Express
your answers in
scientific notation.
a. 7.5 x 10^4 to
kilojoules
b. 3.9 x 10^5 mg to
decigrams
c. 2.21 x 10^-4 dL to
microliters

a. 7.5 x 10^1 kJ
b. 3.9 x 10^3 dg

c. 2.21 x 10^1 uL

3.3 section assessment

45. Light travels at a speed of 3.00x10^10
cm/sec. What is the speed of light in
kilometers/hour?
1.08 x 10^9 km/h

3.4 section assessment

50. What determines the density of an
object?
Density is an intensive property that
depends only on the composition of a
substance, not on the size of the sample.
density = mass/volume

3.4 section assessment

51. How does density vary with
temperature?
Density generally decreases when
temperature increases.

3.4 section assessment

52. A weather balloon is inflated to a volume
of
2.2 x 10^3 L with 37.4g of helium. What is
the density of helium in grams per liter?
1.7 x 10^-2 g/L

3.4 section assessment

53. A 68-g bar of gold is cut into 3 equal
pieces. How does the density of each piece
compare to the density of the original gold
bar?
All the densities are equal.

3.4 section assessment

54. A plastic ball with a volume of 19.7
cm^3 has a mass of 15.8g. Would this ball
sink or float in a container of gasoline?
It would sink because the density of the
ball, 0.802 g/cm^3, is greater than the
density of the gasoline.

3.4 section assessment

55. What is the volume, in cubic centimeters, of a
sample of cough syrup that has a mass of 50.0 g?
The density of cough syrup is 0.950 g/cm^3.
52.6 cm^3

3.4 section assessment

56. What is the mass, in kilograms, of 14.0 L
of gasoline? (Assume that the density of
gasoline is 0.680 g/cm^3.)
9.52 kg