ENDOGENIC PROCESSES

THE PROCESSES WITHIN

Definition

endogenic
endjenik/
Adjective GEOLOGY

Formed, located or occurring

beneath the surface of the earth.

What is Endogenic Process?

Endogenic Processes are geological

processes that occur beneath the surface of

the Earth.
It is associated with energy originating in the
interior of the solid earth.
The ground we live on is moving all the time.
The Forces within the earth that cause the
ground to move are called ENDOGENIC
FORCES.

How does Endogenic Process works?

When the ground moves, Rock layers at the

surface of the earth are broken, twisted and

shaken.
Land is destroyed in many places and
created in other places.
When the land is shaped by Endogenic
Forces we call this ENDOGENIC
PROCESSES.

The Main Endogenic Processes

The Main Endogenic Processes are

FOLDING & FAULTING or Tectonic

Movements.
They take place mainly along the plate
boundaries, which are the zones that are not
stable.
Endogenic processes cause many major
landform features.

FOLDING
When two forces push towards each other from

opposite sides, the rock layers will bend into folds.

The process by which folds are formed are due to
compressional forces known as folding.
There are large-scale and small-scale folds. Largescale folds are found mainly along destructive plate
boundaries.

Illustration: Folding

Illustration: Folding

FAULTING
Faulting is the fracturing and displacement of more

brittle rock strata along a fault plane either caused by

tension or compression.
A break in rock along which a vertical or horizontal rock
movement has occurred is called a fault.
The process of forming a fault is faulting.
The line of fault which appears on land surface is known
as fault line.
These lines are often lines of weakness which allow
molten rock to rise up onto the earth surface when there
is active volcanic activity nearby.

TYPES OF FAULTING
There are three types of fault which are caused by

different endogenic forces:

- Normal fault (Convergence)
- Reverse fault (Divergence)
- Tear fault (Transform)
Faulting forms two major landforms - block
mountains and rift valleys.

Illustrations of Faulting

Illustrations of Faulting

Other Endogenic Processes (Subsequent)

These are Endogenic Processes that are subsequent

to the main ones.

Volcanism (Volcanic Activity)
Metamorphism
Earthquake (Seismic Activity)

Volcanism
VOLCANISM or magmatism (also known as volcanic

activity or igneous activity)

Magma beneath the crust is under very great pressure.
When folding and faulting occur, cracks or fractures
which are lines of weakness are created.
When these lines of weakness develop downward in the
crust and reach the magma, they will release the
pressure in the magma.
This allows magma to rise up along the lines of
weakness and intrude into the crust. Some magma may
even reach the earth's surface and some dont.

Illustration of Volcanism

There are

two types of
Volcanism:
Intrusive
volcanism
and
Extrusive
volcanism.

Results of Volcanism

Metamorphism
Metamorphism is an endogenic process which

occurs when there is pressure and heat applied to

geologic structures which leads to the formation of
Metamorphic Rocks.

Illustration of Metamorphism

Results of Metamorphism

Grading Metamorphic Rocks

Earthquakes
An Earthquake or (Seismic Activity) is a sudden

shaking or vibration in the earths crust.

When plates suddenly move past each other, the
built-up strain is released along the fault, and the
rock fractures.
An earthquake also can be triggered by molten rock
moving up into the chamber of a volcano before
eruption.

Illustrating Earthquake

Summary
Endogenic Processes are Processes that is formed or

occurring beneath the surface of the Earth.

The Main Endogenic Processes are Folding and
Faulting (or tectonic movements).
The Subsequent Endogenic Processes are Volcanism,
Metamorphism, and Earthquakes.
Endogenic processes cause many major landform
features.
Endogenic processes have been responsible for shaping
the earths geologic structures and the formation of many
of the most important mineral resources.

Resources:
Encarta Encyclopedia 2009
Google Images
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Endogenic+

Processes

THE END
BY:
RICHIE JAKE GENERALE
SHARMAINE ARCOSA
KAREN ALERTA
THE DATA AND IMAGES ARE OWNED BY THEIR RESPECTIVE
WRITERS/PUBLISHERS. WE DONT CLAIM THIS AS OUR OWN
AND JUST PRESENTED IT FOR CLASS WORK.