Development Of

Rizals
Nationalism

Jose Rizal
Jos Protacio Mercado Rizal
Alonzo Y Realonda
Born: June 19, 1861, Calamba.
Died: Dec. 30, 1896, Manila

Outline:
to dwell on Rizals:
Multiracial Ancestry/Mixed racial
ancestry
Birth and Early Childhood
Studies/Education in the
Philippines
Travels,lovelife,ideals, aspirations
and
The meaning of his fall

Objectives:

To identify the significant factors

contributed to Rizal's being a hero;
To know how his parents mold him
to become a better person;
To appreciate the qualities of Rizal
as a child to his parents, student,
champion and genius.

Introduction:
Patriot
Physician
Man of Letters who was an
inspiration to the Philippine
nationalist movement (La
Solidaridad --- Katipunan )
National Hero and pride of the
Malayan race

Ancestry
Mixed Racial Origin
From his father side
Domino Lam-Co (a full-blooded Chinese
from Amoy, China) - - Ines de la Rosa
(Chinese half-breed)
Francisco Mercado - - Bernarda Monicha
(21 children)
Juan Mercado - - Cirila Alejandra (14
children)
Francisco Mercado Rizal

Multiracial Ancestry
Spanish
Chinese
Japanese
Malayo-Polynesian
Negrito

Immediate Family
Father
- Studied Latin & Philosophy at the College of
San Jose (Manila)
- described by Rizal as model of fathers
- he inherited . . . Profound sense of dignity
self-respect, seriousness and self-possession
-a successful farmer
-he loved books
-an excellent model for Rizal that molded him up
into a man of honor
- understood the world of humanity which
furnished him with greater respect for other
people, and a greater respect to the dignity of
labor.

 Mother
- born in Meisik, Sta. Cruz Manila.
- talented and remarkable woman
- he inherited . . . temperament of the
poet and dreamer and bravery for
sacrifice
- his first teacher
- inculcated the value of knowledge and
education to the young Rizal
- a good Mathematician and Manager of
business of the Rizal family.

According to Rizal:
My mother is not a woman of
ordinary culture. She knows
literature and speaks Spanish
better than I do. She even
corrected my poems and gave me
wise advice when I was studying
rhetoric. She is a mathematician
and has read many books.

Early Influences
His mother- encouraged him to express his
ideas and sentiments in verse
The Story of the Moth about the mother
moth warning its offspring of the danger of
fluttering to close to flame. The little moth did
not heed the advice, thus it was burned by the
flame.

This gave him the moral lesson that if one

must succeed, he must take risks and prepare
for the worst consequences. Without
courage, there will be no glory.

Birth and Early Childhood

In Calamba, Laguna:

19 June 1861 birth

22 June 1861 baptized
1864 - learned the alphabet from his mother
1865 - his sister Conception (8th child)
died at the age of three.

Birth and Early Childhood

1865 1867 - his mother taught him how to
read and write
Leon Monroy - taught Rizal the
rudiments of Latin
Uncle Manuel Alberto - taught the
latter love for the
nature
Usman Rizals dog
Uncle Gregorio - instilled love for
education

1869 - "Sa Aking Mga Kabata."

Birth and Early Childhood

In Bian, Laguna :
1870 - His brother Paciano brought Rizal to
Bian, Laguna
Justinian Aquino Cruz taught Rizal Latin and
Spanish
Juancho Carrera taught him the art of
painting

17 December 1870 - Rizal returned to

Calamba after he finished his
studies in
Bian.

Birth and Early Childhood

Back in Calamba:
1871 - His mother was imprisoned in Sta. Cruz,
Laguna for allegedly poisoning the wife
of Jose Alberto
1872 - Cavite Mutiny on January 20, 1872;
his
father forbid the words:
Burgos
filibustero
Cavite

Formal education
In Binan
- he was 9 yrs old
- Justiniano Aquino Cruz
he studied Latin and Spanish
- Andres Salandanan ( a local painter)
he developed his initial lessons in
painting

Studies in the Philippines

in UST:
got low grades
studied Philosophy and Letters
study medicine (ophthalmology) - did not
complete

Studies in the Philippines

in Ateneo:

got excellent grades

studied bachelor of arts in 1877
graduated as one of sobresaliente
first professor was Fr. Jose Bech

His Travels
Rizal's First Trip Abroad May 3, 1882
Rizal left Philippines for the first time Spain. He
boarded the Salvadora using a passport of Jose
Mercado, which was procured for him by his uncle
Antonio Rivera, father of Leonor Rivera. He was
accompanied to the quay where the Salvadora
was moored by his uncle Antonio, Vicente Gella,
and Mateo Evangelista.
15 June 1882
He left Marseilles for Barcelona in an express train.
Rizal in Barcelona, Spain
20 August 1882
His article "Amor Patrio" was published in the
Diarong Tagalog, a Manila newspaper edited by
Basilio Teodoro. This was the First article he wrote
abroad.

Rizal in Madrid, Spain

2 September 1882
Rizal matriculated at the Universidad
Central de Madrid. He took the
following subjects: medical clinic,
surgical clinic, legal medicine and
obstetrical clinic.
4 October 1882
Asked to deliver a poem by the
members of Circulo Hispano-Filipino,
there together in the effort to save the
association from disintegration, Rizal
recited "Me piden versus." The meeting
was held at the house of Pablo Ortiga y
Rey.

Rizal in Paris, France

June 18, 1883
Rizal Back in Madrid
28 September 1883
He enrolled at the central Universidad de Madrid for
the second course in medicine.
Rizal in Heidelberg, Germany
22 April 1886
While in Heidelberg experiencing the feeling of
nostalgia for his parents and his country, Rizal wrote
the poem "A Las Flores de Heidelberg.
Rizal in Berlin, Germany
21 March 1887
Copies of his novel came off the press

Rizal in Manila
5 August 1887
At 9:00 oclock in the evening, Rizal arrived at Manila after five
years of study and patriotic labors in Europe.
Rizal in Hong Kong
22 February 1888
After staying in Hong Kong for almost two weeks, he left for
Japan on board the Oceanic.

Rizal in Japan
Rizal in America
Rizal Bound for England
Rizal in London
Rizal in Paris

Rizal Back in Spain

Rizal in the Philippines

His Lovelife
Rizal, the Romantic
There were at least nine women linked with Rizal;
namely
Segunda Katigbak
Leonor Valenzuela
Leonor Rivera
Consuelo Ortiga
O-Sei San
Gertrude Beckette
Nelly Boustead
Suzanne Jacoby and
Josephine Bracken.
These women might have been beguiled by his
intelligence, charm and wit.

The WomeninHis Life

Gertrude
Beckett

Josephine Bracken

Leonor
Rivera

Nelly
Bousted
O-Sei Kiyo
San
Leonor
Valenzuel
a
Susan
Jacoby

 Segunda Katigbak and Leonor Valenzuela

Segunda Katigbak was her puppy love. Unfortunately, his first love
was engaged to be married to a town mate- Manuel Luz. After his
admiration for a short girl in the person of Segunda, then came
Leonor Valenzuela, a tall girl from Pagsanjan. Rizal send her love
notes written in invisible ink, that could only be deciphered over the
warmth of the lamp or candle. He visited her on the eve of his
departure to Spain and bade her a last goodbye.
Leonor Rivera
Leonor Rivera, his sweetheart for 11 years played the greatest
influence in keeping him from falling in love with other women
during his travel. Unfortunately, Leonors mother disapproved of her
daughters relationship with Rizal, who was then a known filibustero.
She hid from Leonor all letters sent to her sweetheart. Leonor
believing that Rizal had already forgotten her, sadly consented her
to marry the Englishman Henry Kipping, her mothers choice.
Consuelo Ortiga
Consuelo Ortiga y Rey, the prettier of Don Pablo Ortigas daughters,
fell in love with him. He dedicated to her A la Senorita C.O. y R.,
which became one of his best poems. The Ortiga's residence in
Madrid was frequented by Rizal and his compatriots. He probably fell
in love with her and Consuelo apparently asked him for romantic
verses. He suddenly backed out before the relationship turned into a
serious romance, because he wanted to remain loyal to Leonor
Rivera and he did not want to destroy hid friendship with Eduardo de
Lete who was madly in love with Consuelo.

 O Sei San
O Sei San, a Japanese samurais daughter taught Rizal the Japanese
art of painting known as su-mie. She also helped Rizal improve his
knowledge of Japanese language. If Rizal was a man without a patriotic
mission, he would have married this lovely and intelligent woman and
lived a stable and happy life with her in Japan because Spanish
legation there offered him a lucrative job.
Gertrude Beckett
While Rizal was in London annotating the Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas,
he boarded in the house of the Beckett family, within walking distance
of the British Museum. Gertrude, a blue-eyed and buxom girl was the
oldest of the three Beckett daughters. She fell in love with Rizal. Tottie
helped him in his painting and sculpture. But Rizal suddenly left
London for Paris to avoid Gertrude, who was seriously in love with him.
Before leaving London, he was able to finish the group carving of the
Beckett sisters. He gave the group carving to Gertrude as a sign of
their brief relationship.
Nellie Boustead
Rizal having lost Leonor Rivera, entertained the thought of courting
other ladies. While a guest of the Boustead family at their residence in
the resort city of Biarritz, he had befriended the two pretty daughters
of his host, Eduardo Boustead. Rizal used to fence with the sisters at
the studio of Juan Luna. Antonio Luna, Juans brother and also a
frequent visitor of the Bousteads, courted Nellie but she was deeply
infatuated with Rizal. In a party held by Filipinos in Madrid, a drunken
Antonio Luna uttered unsavory remarks against Nellie Boustead. This
prompted Rizal to challenge Luna into a duel. Fortunately, Luna
apologized to Rizal, thus averting tragedy for the compatriots.

Suzanne Jacoby
In 1890, Rizal moved to Brussels because of the high cost of living in
Paris. In Brussels, he lived in the boarding house of the two Jacoby
sisters. In time, they fell deeply in love with each other. Suzanne
cried when Rizal left Brussels and wrote him when he was in Madrid.
Josephine Bracken
In the last days of February 1895, while still in Dapitan, Rizal met an
18-year old petite Irish girl, with bold blue eyes, brown hair and a
happy disposition. She was Josephine Bracken, the adopted daughter
of George Taufer from Hong Kong, who came to Dapitan to seek Rizal
for eye treatment. Rizal was physically attracted to her. His
loneliness and boredom must have taken the measure of him and
what could be a better diversion that to fall in love again. But the
Rizal sisters suspected Josephine as an agent of the friars and they
considered her as a threat to Rizals security. Rizal asked Josephine
to marry him, but she was not yet ready to make a decision due to
her responsibility to the blind Taufer. Since Taufers blindness was
untreatable, he left for Hong Kong on March 1895. Josephine stayed
with Rizals family in Manila. Upon her return to Dapitan, Rizal tried
to arrange with Father Antonio Obach for their marriage. However,
the priest wanted a retraction as a precondition before marrying
them. Rizal upon the advice of his family and friends and with
Josephines consent took her as his wife even without the Church
blessings. Josephine later give birth prematurely to a stillborn baby,
a result of some incidence, which might have shocked or frightened
her.
They named the child Francisco.

His Ideals
More than a century since Dr. Jose P.
Rizal died, those who champion his ideals
today believe the national hero had it
right when he said that the youth are the
countrys future.
They are still the hope of the
nation, because of their new and
innocent ideals that we need to
nurture, so that we can use them in
the future,

His Fall

 DECEMBER 30 is the time to reflect upon the life of

our national hero Dr. Jose Rizal who at the age of 35,
was executed on the field of Bagumbayan,now Luneta.
He was a giant of a man, the like of which the
human race has yet to reproduce, a genius in all fields
of both the arts and sciences.
He is excellent in all endeavors, the best of his race
and of his species. But his crowning glory was his
death, like that of Jesus Christ, a glorious
transfiguration of tragic failure into the redemption of
his people.
When he died in that bleak December morn, we
Filipinos felt we all died with him; but we also felt that
by his death we were born anew, as one nation and
one people.His Fall means, his career, his life, his

happiness all have been sacrificed for love of the

native land.
as His old story says: I shall always remember
the moth that was fatally attracted to the
light, adding that to sacrifice ones life for
light is worthwhile.

ANY
QUESTIONS?

The
Propaganda
Movement

The Propaganda Movement was a

peaceful crusade for reforms
It is not a revolutionary movement.
It began in 1872, after GOMBURZAs
execution, and ended in 1892, when
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan.

How did it stirred Sentiments of

Nationalism among Filipino?
The Filipino sentiment of nationality aroused,
and this local incident was magnified by the
Spanish Authorities into a National
Rebellion to Justify mass reprisals.
The propagandist Shows that w/o killing
another man, one can fight oppression.
They demonstrated how the power of pen
could be stronger than the sword.
The death Of GOMBURZA awakened strong
feelings of anger and resentment among the
Filipinos.

Problems Faced by the

Propagandist:
Filipinos were not given a voice in their
own government.
Defective administration of Justice
Courts were really courts of injustice.
Spanish judges were ignorant and
dishonest
Judicial trials were slow and expensive
No equality before the law
Spaniards were given more rights and
privilege that Filipinos
Justice was for the rich and influential and
not for the poor.

Many Spanish officials were

corrupt, abusive, and
incompetent.
Filipinos were maltreated and regarded
as inferior beings.

This movement was carried on and Faced by

means of pen and tongue. And Their Aims are:

Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the

law.
Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular
province of Spain.
Restoration of Philippine representation in the
Spanish Cortes.
Filipinization of the parishes
Granting of individual liberties to Filipinos such
as:

Freedom
Freedom
Freedom
Freedom

of Speech
of the press
of assembly
to petition for grievances

Thank You For

Listening ^_^

Presented By:
Maria Elisa B. Belarso
Eleonor Ogatis
Zandra Isabel Aguirre
Keyrich Ann Bangquillo
Criza Sheena Cristobal
Ma. Cristy Pearl Delariarte