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Certain
medications used
alone or in combination can
cause side effects much like
the symptoms of depression.
Use of Alcohol or other Drugs
can lead to or worsen
depression.
Depression can also occur for
no apparent reason!
Symptoms of Depression
Vary from person to
person
Feeling empty
Inability to enjoy anything
Hopelessness
Loss of warm feelings for family or friends
Feelings of self blame or guilt
Loss of self esteem
Inexplicable crying spells, sadness or irritability
Physical Complaints
These may include:
Sleep disturbances such as early morning
waking, sleeping too much or insomnia
Lack of energy
Loss of appetite
Weight loss or gain
Unexplained headaches or backaches
Stomach aches, indigestion
(SAD)
Major Depression
This type causes symptoms that may:
Diagnosed after a single major depressive
episode lasting at least 2 weeks.
Symptoms must include depressed mood,
anhedonia, and impairment of functioning.
May continue for months or years
Dysthymia
Mild, chronic form of Major
Depressive Disorder.
Constant symptoms lasting at least
2 years.
Bipolar I Disorder
People with this type of illness change back and forth
Professional treatment is
necessary for all these types
of depression.
Antidepressants
Main Classification of antidepressants
1. Tricyclics (TCAs)
2. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
(MAOIs)
3. Selective Serotonin Reuptake
Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Tricyclics (TCAs)
- Blocks reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine.
- Are very effective but have potentially unacceptable
side effects: anticholinergic, and orthostatic hypotension
- Can be lethal in overdose
-Examples include:
-Imipramine
-Desipramine