CORRELATION

COEFFICIENT
PRESENTEDTO:
MISS UMMARA SAHER
PRESENTED BY:
Rubab Basharat
Tuba Zahid

Roll # 1008
Roll # 1027

CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

Correlation is a statistical
technique that is used to measure
and describe a relationship
between two variables.

CHARACTERISTICS OF
RELATIONSHIP
DIRECTION:

positive and

negative
DEGREE: from zero to one

USE OF CORRELATIONS

Prediction
Validity
Reliability
Theory verifications

BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR

CALCULATION

Single sample
Two scores for each individual

PEARSON PRODUCT-MOMENT
CORRELATION

Measures the degree and

direction of linear relationship
between two variables

PEARSON PRODUCT MOMENT

CORRELATION

here, r is the correlation coefficient

and it is the value of correlation.
r indicates:
Strength of relationship(strong, weak or
none)
Direction of the relationship
Positive(direct),variables move in same
direction
Negative(inverse),variable moves in
apposite direction

EXAMPLE
Student

Midterm(x)

Final term(y)

xy

78

85

6630

6084

7225

67

71

4757

4498

5041

88

78

6864

7744

6084

74

71

5254

5476

5041

97

91

8827

9409

8281

84

88

7392

7056

7744

57

76

4332

3249

5776

65

68

4420

4225

4624

81

94

7614

6561

8826

691
722

56090

54293

58652

CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

Expresses the degree and

direction of relationship

Correlation provides basis for the

regression.

Correlation simply describes a relationship

between two variables , it does not explain
why the two variables are related .