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Renal Agenesis
Renal Hypoplasia
Failure of kidney to
develop to normal size
without scarring
Usually unilateral, with
a reduced number of
pyramids (6 or less)
Oligomeganephronia:
a type of hypoplasia
with a small kidney but
hypertrophied
nephrons
Horseshoe kidney
1/500
autopsies,
90% are
fused at
lower pole
Associated
with
obstruction
Infantile type/autosomal
recessive polycystic
kidney disease
(ARPKD).
MULTICYSTIC
DYSPLASTIC
KIDNEY.
Duplication of
Occurs in <1% of
ureters
individuals
Usually
asymptomatic; may
be associated with
obstruction
Cloacogenic bladder
Also called persistent cloaca
Defined as confluence of rectum, vagina
and urethra into a single common
chamber
A surgical challenge to achieve bowel and
bladder control and normal sexual function
Occurs in 1/20,000 births, only in girls
Duplication of bladder
Bladder is separated into compartments
Either double bladder, septal bladder or
hourglass bladder
Incomplete emptying causes urinary tract
infections
Exstrophy of Bladder
Hypoplasia of Bladder
Hyperplasia of Bladder
Boys only
Structurally and functionally abnormal bladder, shaped
like cone, heart or cloverleaf
Does not empty completely
Associated with obstruction at urethral outlet but normal
histology
Urachal Remnants
Patent
urachus
The End...