FAMILY

PLANNING
(RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD
AND BIRTH CONTROL)
Submitted by:
Cael, Kirt Jean
Geronimo, Rezzie
SOC SCI 112 MWF 1:30 2:30

DEFINITION AND NATURE OF

FAMILY PLANNING
Experts define family planning as:
- the process by which responsible and mature
couples, if they wish, determine by themselves the
timing, proper spacing and number of children born
to them.

Three main aspects:

1. Responsible parenthood
2. Proper spacing of children
3. Birth control

Family planning involves the rational utilization of

effective contraceptive methods by married couples
so they can space and limit their children to a
desirable size in order for them to attain quality life.
Contraceptive means prevention of unwanted
pregnancy, while responsible parenthood
means responsible pro- creation and socialization
of children.

Norms on Family Planning

Sociological Norms
- family planning is a process whereby, through
interaction, married couples arrive at an intelligent decision
in the number of children they could provide with quality
life.

Medical Norms
- family planning through the use of contraceptives
provides protection against unwanted pregnancies.
Contraceptives work to prevent the meeting of the egg
and sperm.

 Legal Juridical Norms

- Government support of family planning is reflected
in Article XV, Sec. 10 of the Philippine Constitution to
achieve and maintain population levels most conducive
to the national welfare.
The Labor Code of the Philippines requires the
employer of more than 200 workers to provide for family
planning services to their employees and spouses.
In addition to this, the Department of Labor is
directed to develop and prescribe incentive bonus
schemes to encourage family planning among female
workers (Article 132 b) Labor Code of the Philippines and
maternity leave benefits are given to woman employees
only for the first four deliveries (Art. 131 Cc id).

 Ecclesiastical Norms
- All the major religions in the world believe in the
guiding principle that a couple has a right to limit family
size.

Psychological Norms
- family planning has psychological bearing on
problems which confront the youth today brought about
by their developmental stage and sexual revolution in
the present times. Experts agree that the changes in
society and family structure have led to more sexual
activity among teenagers.

CONTRACEPTION ( BIRTH CONTROL

METHODS AND TECHNIQUES)
1. Chemical Method

Pill or Oral Contraceptive

- the pill is a tablet made of man- made hormones
(estrogen and progesterone). Estrogen prevents the egg
from maturing and being released from the ovary.
Progesterone changes the lining of the uterus and the
consistency of cervical mucus, making them inhospitable to
sperm and the implantation of fertilized egg.
Morning After Pill
- the morning after pill is a form of emergency birth
control. Emergency contraception can prevent a woman
from getting pregnant even after unprotected sex.

Implants
- implants are six matchstick size rubber silicone
rods, tubes or capsules containing progestin or
progesterone. A physician surgically implants them
under the skin, usually on the upper arm. The rods
release low doses of hormones to suppress ovulation and
cause thickening of the cervical mucus so that sperm
cannot penetrate.

2. Sterilization or Surgical Method

- in sterilization, the eggs or sperm are prevented from
going anywhere by cutting, knotting or blocking the tubes
along which they normally travel. Its effectiveness is 99% to
100%.
Tubal Ligation (Female)
Vasectomy (Male)

 Mechanical or Barrier Method

- The barrier methods of contraception put a physical
barrier between sperm and egg, so that the two cannot
meet.

Male condom or prophylactic latex

Female condom

Diaphragm/ Cervical cap

Sponge

4. Natural Family Planning Method

- Natural Family Planning, also called fertility awareness,
refers to methods for planning and preventing pregnancies by
observation of the naturally occurring signs and symptoms of the
fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle. The natural
methods rely on timing rather than artificial aids or surgery.

The Rhythm (or Calendar) Method

- it is a fertility tracking method using a calendar.
Cervical Mucus Method
- an NFP method relying on a womans familiarity with her
body. The vaginal discharge after a womans period is used
as indicators of fertility.

Basal Body Temperature (BBT)

- this NFP method involves the daily recording of the
temperature changes in the womans body.

Sympto- thermal Method

- a combination of BBT and the cervical mucus methods and
other indicators of ovulation, such as tenderness of the breast and
mid- cycle pain.

Withdrawal or Coitus Interruptus

Prolonged Lactation or Lactational Amenorrhea (LAM)
- Breastfeeding is the main factor for delaying menstruation.

The Douche
Abstinence

5. Intra- Uterine Devices (IUD)

- The IUDs shape, presence and chemical disrupt the
balance in the womb. This prevents the fertilized egg from
settling or implanting on the lining of the womb and
developing further.