Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Existing Specifications
Standard
17th Edition
LRFD
3rd Edition
AK
95%
AK
WA
MT
35%
MT
OR
100%
OR
ND
ND
MN
40%
MN
ID
WY
WY
WI
WI
IA
NE
UT
75%
UT
CO
90%
CO
KS
50%
KS
MO
MO
IL
5%
IL ININ
AZ
NM
OK
100%
OK
TX
13%
TX
PA
WV
80%
WV
TN
TN
AR
AR
MS
MS
VA
VA
NC
SC
50%
NC
VT
5%
VT
0- 24 - 10
0- 2-2
NJ
DE
MD
SC
5%
LA
LA
PA
100%
OH
OH
KY
CA
NM
NY
KY
CA
AZ
NY
50%
MI
MI
IA
5%
NE
60%
NV
ME
SD
ID
100%
NV
ME
100%
SD
10%
AL
AL
GA
GA
HI
Full
Implementation
50-90%
Partial Implementation
26-50%
Partial Implementation
11-25%
Partial Implementation
FL
100%
FL
PR
NH
MA
RI
CT
Superstructure: LRFD
Substructure: LRFD/ASD
Foundations: ASD
Human nature.
No perceived benefits.
Unfamiliarity with LRFD methods.
Lack of confidence in the computed
results.
Perceived errors and inconsistencies.
A specification that did not reflect
current design practices.
Concrete
Steel
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/lrfd/examples.htm
Revisions to Section 10
http://bridges.transportation.org/?siteid=34&c=downloads
Attachments to Agenda Item 39 Section 3 revisions
Attachments to Agenda item 40 Section 10 revisions
Topics Included
Subsurface
investigations
Soil and rock
properties
Shallow
foundations
Driven piles
Drilled shafts
Rigid and flexible
culverts
Abutments
Walls (All types)
Integral
Topics
NOT Included
abutments
Micropiles
Augercast piles
Soil nails
Reinforced
slopes
All soil and rock
earthwork
features.
Section 10 Contents
10.1 SCOPE
NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGE
10.2 DEFINITIONS UPDATED
10.3 NOTATION
UPDATED, CONSISTANT
10.4 SOIL AND ROCK PROPERTIES
10.5 LIMIT STATES AND RESISTANCE FACTORS
10.6 SPREAD FOOTINGS
REORGANIZED,
10.7 DRIVEN PILES
NEW CONTENT
10.8 DRILLED SHAFTS
NEW CONTENT
PROPERTY INFO
GEC 5
Sabatini, 2002
Subsurface
Investigations
Mayne, 2002
!
W
E
N
10.4.6 SELECTION OF DESIGN PROPERTIES
Soil Strength
Soil Deformation
Rock Mass Strength
Rock Mass Deformation
Erodibility of rock
NE
W!
Maximum
1.4
Minimum
0.25
1.05
0.30
1.25
0.35
ML
Q = P/(B L)
Applies to
geotechnical design
for settlement and
bearing resistance
MB
' vo v
1
H H c log
C'
' vo
WIDTH
Nq sq dq iq
Nsi
Water
table
correction
Shear
through
overburden
Inclination
Factors
Bearing
Capacity
Factors
Shape
Correction
Factors
correction
factor
Settlement
correction
factors removed
4 new diagrams
From:
Hannigan (2005)
Mt
P
ig
r
O
l
a
in
d
o
M
e
v
r
u
c
d
e
i
if
e
v
r
cu
Pm * P
y
P-multiplier (Pm)
Spacing (S) Row 1 Row 2
3D
0.7
0.5
5D
1.0
0.85
Row 3
0.35
0.7
Nordlund
Thurman method
added
NE
W!
QS
Resistance
Total Resistance
A
B+C
Side Resistance
Tip Resistance
QP
Displacement
B
C
Conclusion
Future Enhancements
Overall stability
Weight is both a load and a resistance
Service limit state (should be strength
limit state)
+
WT
N tan f
c
lT
N
T
WT
l
WT
l
WT
N
T
N tan f
cl
T
Future Enhancements
Inclination Factors
Ignored by many practicing engineers
Based on small scale tests and theory
Effect of embedment (D )
f
Future Enhancements
Nominal bearing resistance of rock
Very little guidance available
CSIR Rock Mass Rating System
proposed
CSIR developed for tunnel design
Includes life safety considerations and
therefore, margin of safety
May be conservative
Future Enhancements
V
HH
Pile head fixity
Connection details
Effects of axial loads
Future Enhancements
Dx
Dz
Serviceability limits
NCHRP 12-66
Due April 2006
AASHTO Section 11
Conventional
gravity/semigravity walls
Non-gravity cantilevered walls
Anchored walls
Mechanically Stabilized Earth
(MSE) walls
Prefabricated modular walls