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Mental Disorders
MENTAL DISORDER - ALSO CALLED A MENTAL
ILLNESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER OR
PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER, IS MENTAL OR
BEHAVIOURAL PATTERN THAT CAUSES EITHER
SUFFERING OR A POOR ABILITY TO FUNCTION IN
ORDINARY LIFE.
TWO CLASSIFICATIONS OF
MENTAL DISORDER
1.
2.
MENTAL DISORDERS
F10 F19 MENTAL & BEHAVIOURAL DISORDERS
DUE TO PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE USE
F20 F29 SCHIZOPHRENIA, SCHIZOTYPAL &
DELUSIONAL DISORDERS
F 3 0 F 3 9 M O O D ( A F F E C T I V E ) D I S O R D E R S
F 4 0 F 4 9 N E U R O T I C , S T R E S S - R A P I D & S O M A T O FORM DISORDERS
(cont.)
RETARDATION
AXIS III: GENERAL MEDICAL CONDITIONS
AXIS IV: PSYCHOSOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS
AXIS V: GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF FUNCTIONING
IN CURRENT & PAST ONE YEAR.
ANTISOCIAL
PERSONALITIES
W H O' S I C D - 1 0 , H A S A D I A G N O S I S C A L L E D
DISSOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER:
It is characterized by at least 3 of the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
ANTISOCIAL
PERSONALITIES
APA's DSM-4 defines antisocial personality disorder:
A)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, occurring since
age 15 years, as indicated by three or more of the following:
failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviors as indicated by
repeatedly performing acts that are grounds for arrest;
deception, as indicated by repeatedly lying, use of aliases, or conning others for
personal profit or pleasure;
impulsivity or failure to plan ahead;
irritability and aggressiveness, as indicated by repeated physical fights or assaults;
reckless disregard for safety of self or others;
consistent irresponsibility, as indicated by repeated failure to sustain consistent work
behavior or honor financial obligations;
lack of remorse, as indicated by being indifferent to or rationalizing having hurt,
mistreated, or stolen from another.
ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITIES
TREATMENT GOALS
GOAL: STOP LAW-BREAKING.
IF THIS PROBLEM PERSISTS: SHE MAY CONTINUE TO PERFORM CRIMINAL
ACTS THAT ARE GROUNDS FOR ARREST (WHETHER SHE IS ARRESTED OR
NOT), SUCH AS DESTROYING PROPERTY, HARASSING OTHERS, STEALING,
OR PURSUING ILLEGAL OCCUPATIONS.
GOAL: STOP DECEIVING AND MANIPULATING OTHERS.
IF THIS PROBLEM PERSISTS: SHE MAY CONTINUE TO LIE, USE AN ALIAS,
CON OTHERS, OR MALINGER.
GOAL: STOP SELF-DEFEATING, IMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR.
IF THIS PROBLEM PERSISTS: SHE MAY CONTINUE TO MAKE DECISIONS ON
THE SPUR OF THE MOMENT, WITHOUT CONSIDERING THE CONSEQUENCES.
THIS MAY LEAD TO (SELF-DEFEATING) SUDDEN CHANGES OF JOBS,
RESIDENCES, OR RELATIONSHIPS.
(cont.)
Goal: stop irritable and aggressive behaviour. If this problem persists:
She may continue to get into physical fights or violence (e.g., spouse beating or
child beating).
Goal: stop reckless disregard for own safety or that of others. If this
problem persists: She may continue to display a reckless disregard for safety
(e.g., dangerous driving, high risk sexual behaviour, substance abuse, child
neglect).
Goal: stop occupational and financial irresponsibility. If this problem
persists: She may continue to be irresponsible at work, unemployed and
financially irresponsible (e.g., defaulting on debts, failing to provide child
support, or failing to support his family on a regular basis).
Goal: accept responsibility for own wrong-doing. If this problem persists:
She may continue to blame her victims for being foolish, helpless, or deserving
their fate. She may continue to minimize the harmful consequences of her
actions, or she may simply indicate complete indifference.
ALCHOLISM
(Dependence on Alcohol)
AN AD DICTI ON TO THE
CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLI C
LIQUOR OR THE MENTAL ILLNES S
AND COMPULS IVE BEHAVIOUR
RESULTING FROM ALCOHOL
D EPE NDENCY. I T I S A BROAD TE RM
F OR ANY DRI NKI NG OF ALCOHOL
THAT RESULTS IN PROBLE MS.
drunkenness.
Withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety and tremor develop
after a short period without a drink, and are reduced by
taking alcohol.
SIGNS OF ALCOHOLISM
As alcohol levels increase with more drinking, there
DRUG DEPENDENCE
DRUG DEPENDENCE IS THE BODY'S PHYSICAL
N E E D , O R A D D I C T I O N, T O A S P E C I F I C A G E N T .
OVER THE LONG TERM, THIS DEPENDENCE
RESULTS IN PHYSICAL HARM, BEHAVIOUR
PROBLEMS, AND ASSOCIATION WITH PEOPLE
WHO ALSO ABUSE DRUGS. STOPPING THE USE
OF THE DRUG CAN RESULT IN A SPECIFIC
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME.