PRESENTATION ON

Leadership

SUBMITTED BY:-
ANKUR DUBEY
ROLL.NO.:- O23
What is a Leader?
 A Leader is someone in authority to lead
others to accomplish a goal(s). A leader
needs to be able to motivate others to
accomplish a goal(s) while at the same time
encourage others to work toward their own
professional goals.

Leadershi
p
Types of Leadership Style
 Types of Leadership
Style
ØAutocratic :
§Leader  makes  decisions  without  reference  to 
anyone else.

§High degree of dependency on the leader.

§Can  create  de­motivation  and  alienation 

of staff.

§May  be  valuable  in  some  types  of  business 

where  decisions  need  to  be  made  quickly  and 
decisively.
ØDemocratic :

§May help motivation and involvement.

§Workers feel ownership of the firm and 
its ideas.

§Improves the sharing of ideas and 
experiences within the business.

§Can delay decision making
ØPaternalistic:
§Leader acts as a ‘father figure.

§Paternalistic leader makes decision but 
may consult.

§Believes in the need to support staff.
Change 
Leadership
 Change 
Leadership
§The most challenging aspect of business is 
leading and managing change.

§The business environment is subject to fast­
paced economic and social change.

§Modern business must adapt and be flexible to 
survive.

§Problems in leading change stem mainly from 
human resource management.
Theories of Leadership
 Thoeries of Leadership :

(A) Trait Theory:

Leadership Traits:
Traits represent the personal characteristics that
differentiate leaders from followers.

•Historic findings reveal that leaders

and followers vary by

- Intelligence.

- Dominance.

- Self-confidence.

- Level of energy and activity.

 •Contemporary findings show that :

- People tend to perceive that someone is a leader when he or she

exhibits traits associated with intelligence, masculinity, and
dominance

-People want their leaders to be credible.

- Credible leaders are honest, forward-looking, inspiring, and

competent.

•Gender and leadership :

- Men and women were seen as displaying more task and

social leadership respectively.
 - Women used a more democratic or
participative style than men, and men used a more
autocratic and directive style than women.
- Men and women were equally assertive.
- Women executives, when rated by their
peers, managers and direct reports, scored
higher than their male counterparts on a variety
of effectiveness criteria.

(B ) Behavioral Styles Theory :

•Ohio State Studies identified two critical dimensions of leader behavior.

1. Consideration: Creating mutual respect and trust with followers.

2. Initiating Structure: Organizing and defining what group members should be

doing.
( c ) Contingency Theories :

ØLeadership as being more flexible – different leadership styles

used at different times depending on the circumstance.

ØSuggests leadership is not a fixed series of characteristics that

can be transposed into different contexts

ØMay depend on:

§Type of staff.
§
§History of the business.
§
§Quality of the relationships.
§
§Nature of the changes needed
(D) Transformational:
§Widespread changes .

§To a business or organisation.

Requires:

ØLong term strategic planning.

ØClear objectives.

ØLeading by example – walk the walk.

ØEfficiency of systems and processes
Factors Affecting Style
 Factors Affecting Style
Leadership style may be dependent 
on various factors:

ØRisk ­ decision making and change 
initiatives based on degree of risk involved.

ØType of business – creative business or 
supply driven?

ØHow  important change is –  change for 
change’s sake?

ØOrganisational culture – may be long 
embedded and difficult to change.
Thank You….

Any  Querries…..