KEY WORDS

Ingestion - the taking of substances, e.g. food and drink, into the
body through the mouth
Mechanical digestion - the breakdown of food into smaller pieces
without chemical change to the food molecules
Chemical digestion - the breakdown of large, insoluble molecules
into small, soluble molecules
Absorption - the movement of small food molecules and ions
through the wall of the intestine into the blood
Assimilation - the movement of digested food molecules into the
cells of the body where they are used, becoming part of the cells
Egestion - the passing out of food that has not been digested or
absorbed, as faeces, through the anus

Use the names of the parts of the digestive system below to fill in the gaps on the
diagram.
Then match up the structures to their functions.
1. Duodenum
Appendix
Liver
2. Stomach
Salivary glands
Pancreas
3. Rectum
4. Mouth
5. Oesophagus
6. Anus
7. Colon
8. Ileum
9. Duodenum

The gall bladder stores bile before

pouring it into the duodenum through
the bile duct.

Where the faeces is stored.

Produce saliva which contains the enzyme
salivary amylase.
Food is chewed up by teeth here and swallowed.
Tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
The first part of the small intestine, where
semi-liquid food is mixed with pancreatic juice
and bile
Longest part of the intestine, digested food is
absorbed here.
Faeces leave the body here.
This organ produces amylase, lipase and protease
enzymes and releases them into the duodenum.

This organ contains the enzymes pepsin (a protease)

and also hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria.

This is where absorption of the food molecules

into the bloodstream takes place.
This organ produces bile which is used to break
down large fat globules into smaller droplets.
Water from the waste food is absorbed here.
This part of the large intestine has no use in
humans except to cause a lot of pain if it bursts!

Questions
1.

The parts that have numbers next to them are part of the long tube through which the food passes
(the alimentary canal). Write the numbers out in order to show the journey the food takes:
4 . . ..

2.

There is an arrow with a star next to it on the diagram. What is this tube called and where does it
lead to?

Label the diagram

Small
intestine
Liver
Gall bladder
Stomach
Salivary
glands
Pancreas
Rectum
Mouth
Oesophagus
Anus
Large
intestine

Use the names of the parts of the digestive system below to fill in the gaps
on the diagram.
Then match up the structures to their functions.
1. Small
intestine
Liver
2. Stomach
Salivary
glands
Pancreas
3. Rectum
4. Mouth
5.
Oesophagus
6. Anus
7. Large
intestine
Gall bladder

Where the faeces is stored.

Produce saliva which contains the
enzyme carbohydrase
Food is chewed up by teeth here and swallowed.
Tube that connects the mouth to
the stomach.
Faeces leave the body here.
This organ produces carbohydrase, lipase
and protease enzymes and releases them
into the small intestine.
This organ stores bile.
This organ contains protease enzyme and
also hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria.
This is where absorption of the
food molecules into the
bloodstream takes place.
This organ produces bile which is used to break
down large fat globules into smaller droplets.
Water from the waste food is
absorbed here.

Question
1. The parts that have numbers next to them are part of the long tube through
which the food passes (the alimentary canal). Write the numbers out in order
to show the journey the food takes:
4 .