STARTING AND

CHARGING SYSTEM

PURPOSE TO CHARGING SYSTEM

The starting system includes the battery, starter
motor, solenoid, ignition switch, and in some cases, a
starter relay.
-The purpose of charging system to keep battery at a
fully charged rated
-provide power to all electrical loads
-Alternator is the component that generates electricity
to charge the battery

OBJECTIVE COURSE
-TO LEARN FUNCTION OF CHARGING ALTERNATOR
-TO KNOW PART OF CHARGING ALTERNATOR AND HOW IT WORKS
-TO KNOW CHARGING ALTERNATOR DC FLOW IN CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
FOR RTG
-TO LEARN HOW TO HANDLE BELT FOR CHARGING ALTERNATOR IN
CORRECT WAY
-TO LEARN BASIC FUNCTION OF STARTER AND HOW IT WORKS

STARTER
MOTOR

ALTERNATOR

CHARGING

PLATE COVER

FIELD
COIL
ROTOR
ASSEMBLY
RECTIFIER
BRIDGE

HOUSING
FAN

STATOR
ASSEMBLY

AC AND DC
AC Alternating
current
DC Direct Current
Alternator generates
AC voltage.
Automotive battery
and vehicle system
using DC voltage.

So what changes the AC to

DC voltage.
The voltage Rectifier.
Rectifiers are consisted with
six diodes.
Diodes are one way check
valves that only allow
current to flow one way.

WHAT IS THE PROPER

SYSTEM VOLTAGE?

13.8 - 15
volts
26.4 28.4

VOLTAGE
REGULATOR

- Controls the voltage output of the

alternator.

- The regulator receives system voltage as

an input, in order to regulate alternator

PRINCIPLE OF CHARGING
ALTERNATOR
The principle of electromagnetic
induction to generate electrical
energy from mechanical energy

Electromagnetic induction involves

the generation of an electrical current
in a conductor when the conductor is
moved through a magnetic field.

What can cause the charging

system to under-charge?
Loose fan belt
Low engine RPM
Excessive load requirements
(add on accessories)

What can cause the charging

system to under-charge?
Short driving trips
Defective generator
Defective voltage regulator
Defective wiring

STATOR

RECTIFIE
R

BATTERY MAIN CHARGE

TERMINAL

WIRE
FROM
STATOR

RECTIFI
ER

VOLTAGE
REGULATOR

ROTO
R

STATOR
WINDING

BATTERY
POSITIVE

POSITIVE

ROTOR

PERFORM
VISUAL
INSPECTION

TROUBLESHO
OT
COMPLETE

INSPECT BATTERY VOLTAGE

AND LOAD TEST

TROUBLESHOOT
PER SERVICE
MANUAL

MEASURE
VOLTAGE

TEST
ALTERNATOR
OUTPUT

Perform a visual inspection

under the hood
Look at the belt tension and condition. Next, check electrical
connections and
cables for corrosion and proper tightness. Finally, make sure the
alternator is mounted properly

Visually inspect and test the batteries

Inspect the batteries for any signs of physical damage, cracks in the casing,
loose
terminals or leaking fluid. Clean, repair connection and replace any damaged
batteries found. Ensure that all batteries used in the same circuit are of the
same
manufacturer, CCA rating type and age. Then test the batteries using a
standard
battery test. Remember that realistic testing, as well as successful operation,
requires
A fully charged battery, capable to supplying the starting system current

With the engine running, use a

voltmeter
to measure voltage at the battery. If
voltage is
greater than or equal to 13.8 volts,
you can
move to next step.

However, if it is less than 13.8

volts,
then you should measure voltage
at Alternator
B+ and the alternator case.
(Note: If the model
is insulated, you have to use a
ground stud to
get a reading.)
At that point, if the voltage falls
between
12.6 and 13.7 volts, you need to
replace
your alternator. If its greater
than or equal to
13.8 volts, alternator is ok.

BATTERY CABLE
Ensure the battery cable in good condition and properly tight at
terminal.
-check negative terminal is properly tighten at engine block
-check battery cable if got swelling,crack or twisted.replace if
necessary

FLOW SYSTEM 24
VOLT FROM
ALTERNATOR TO
SYSTEM IN RTG

DC ALTERNATOR CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR RTG

EF
C

RAM
P

DC 24VOLT FLOW TO EFC AND RAMP

STARTING SYSTEM

ENGINE START FROM

ENGINE SIDE.SELECTOR AT
LOCAL SWITCH

ENGINE START
FROM OPERATOR
CABIN.SELECTOR
AT REMOTE MODE

KEY Switch Position and Terminal

OFF Position : Power supply at B
terminal only
ON Position : Power supply at B and BR
terminal only
ST Position : Power supply at B, BR and
also C terminal
Cold start is not in used
R1 R2 and ACC are not in used