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Geometric Probability

LESSON 10-8

Additional Examples

A gnat lands at random on the edge of the ruler


below. Find the probability that the gnat lands on a point
between 2 and 10.

The length of the segment between 2 and 10 is 10 2 = 8.


The length of the ruler is 12.
P(landing between 2 and 10) =

length of favorable segment


8
2
=
, or
length of entire segment
12
3
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GEOMETRY

Geometric Probability
LESSON 10-8

Additional Examples

Quick Check

A museum offers a tour every hour. If Benny arrives at the tour


site at a random time, what is the probability that he will have to wait at
least 15 minutes?
Because the favorable time is given in minutes, write 1 hour as 60 minutes.
Benny may have to wait anywhere between 0 minutes and 60 minutes.
Represent this using a segment.
Starting at 60 minutes, go back 15 minutes. The segment of length 45
represents Bennys waiting more than 15 minutes.
P(waiting more than 15 minutes) =

45
, or 3
60
4

The probability that Benny will have to wait at least 15 minutes is

HELP

3
, or 75%.
4

GEOMETRY

Geometric Probability
LESSON 10-8

Additional Examples

A circle is inscribed in a square target with 20-cm sides. Find


the probability that a dart landing randomly within the square does not
land within the circle.
Find the area of the square.
A = s2 = 202 = 400 cm2
Find the area of the circle. Because the square has sides of length
20 cm, the circles diameter is 20 cm, so its radius is 10 cm.
A = r 2 = (10)2 = 100 cm2
Find the area of the region between the square and the circle.
A = (400 100 ) cm2

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GEOMETRY

Geometric Probability
LESSON 10-8

Additional Examples

(continued)

Use areas to calculate the probability that a dart landing randomly in


the square does not land within the circle. Use a calculator. Round to
the nearest thousandth.

P (between square and circle)

=
=

area between square and circle


area of square
400 100
400

=1

0.215

The probability that a dart landing randomly in the square does not land
within the circle is about 21.5%.
Quick Check

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GEOMETRY

Geometric Probability
LESSON 10-8

Additional Examples

To win a prize, you must toss a quarter so that it lands


entirely between the two circles below. Find the probability that
this happens with a quarter of radius 15 in. Assume that the
32

quarter is equally likely to land anywhere completely inside the


large circle.
The center of a quarter with a radius of 15 in. must land
32
15
at least
in. beyond the boundary of the inner circle in
32

order to lie entirely outside the inner circle. Because

the inner circle has a radius of 9 in., the quarter must


land outside the circle whose radius
is 9 in. + 15 in., or 9 15 in.
32

HELP

32

GEOMETRY

Geometric Probability
LESSON 10-8

Additional Examples

(continued)

Find the area of the circle with a radius of 9


A=

r2 =

15

(9 32 )2

15
in.
32

281.66648 in.2

Similarly, the center of a quarter with a radius of 15 in. must land at least
32
in. within the outer circle. Because the outer circle has a radius of
15
32 in., the quarter must land inside the circle whose radius is 12 in.
12
in.,
15
32
or 17
32

11

in.

Find the area of the circle with a radius of 11


A=

HELP

r2 =

17

(11 32 )2

17
in.
32

417.73672 in.2

GEOMETRY

Geometric Probability
LESSON 10-8

Additional Examples

(continued)

Use the area of the outer region to find the probability that the quarter
lands entirely within the outer region of the circle.

area of outer region


P (outer region) =
area of large circle
=

136.07024
417.73672

417.73672 281.66648
417.73672

0.32573

The probability that the quarter lands entirely within the outer region
of the circle is about 0.326, or 32.6%.
Quick Check

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GEOMETRY

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