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  • Chemistry: Ionisation Energy Across Periods 2 and 3

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    The document discusses ionization energy across periods 2 and 3 of the periodic table. It provides tables of the first ionization energies of elements in these periods. It explains that first ionization energy generally increases from left to right within a period as atomic size decreases and nuclear charge increases, making electrons more tightly bound. However, there are some exceptions, as electrons from fully filled or half filled orbitals, which confer extra stability, are more difficult to remove. Therefore, the first ionization energies of Be, Mg, N and P are higher than expected. It also notes that first ionization energies are typically higher in period 2 than period 3 due to smaller atomic sizes.

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    Chemistry

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    The document discusses ionization energy across periods 2 and 3 of the periodic table. It provides tables of the first ionization energies of elements in these periods. It explains that first ionization energy generally increases from left to right within a period as atomic size decreases and nuclear charge increases, making electrons more tightly bound. However, there are some exceptions, as electrons from fully filled or half filled orbitals, which confer extra stability, are more difficult to remove. Therefore, the first ionization energies of Be, Mg, N and P are higher than expected. It also notes that first ionization energies are typically higher in period 2 than period 3 due to smaller atomic sizes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PPTX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    133 visualizzazioni8 pagine

    Chemistry: Ionisation Energy Across Periods 2 and 3

    Caricato da

    tembikailaici
    The document discusses ionization energy across periods 2 and 3 of the periodic table. It provides tables of the first ionization energies of elements in these periods. It explains that first ionization energy generally increases from left to right within a period as atomic size decreases and nuclear charge increases, making electrons more tightly bound. However, there are some exceptions, as electrons from fully filled or half filled orbitals, which confer extra stability, are more difficult to remove. Therefore, the first ionization energies of Be, Mg, N and P are higher than expected. It also notes that first ionization energies are typically higher in period 2 than period 3 due to smaller atomic sizes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PPTX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 8

    CHEMISTRY

    IONISATION ENERGY
    ACROSS PERIODS 2
    AND 3
    DEFINITION
    IONISATION ENERGY IS THE
    ENERGY REQUIRED TO EXPEL AN
    ELECTRON FROM AN ATOM
    WHEREAS ELECTRONEGATIVITY
    RELATES TO AN ATOM’S
    TENDENCY TO ATTRACT OR
    RECEIVE ELECTRON
    TA B LE O F P E R IO D
    Li
    2
    Be B C N O F Ne
    element Lithium Beryliu Boron Carbon Nitroge Oxygen Fluorin Neon
    m n e

    Proton 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    number

    First
    ionisatio 520 900 801 1086 1402 1314 1681 2081
    n energy/
    kj mol-1
    TABLE OF PERIOD 3
    ELEMEN Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
    T

    PROTON 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
    NUMBE
    R
    FIRST 496 738 578 798 1012 1000 1251 1250
    IONISAT
    ION
    ENERGY
    /KJ MOL-
    1
    Going across a period from left to right ;

    atomic size decreases


    nuclear charge increase
    screening effect remains almost the
    same

    Therefore, the electrons are more


    tightly bound to the nucleus and are
    more difficult to be removed.
    From the table,we can conclude that the
    increase is not uniform.
    The first ionisation energy of Be (Period 2)
    and Mg(Period 3) is higher than expected.
    This is because the first electron to be
    removed from this two atoms are from a
    fully filled s orbital.
    Be : 1s2 2s2
    Mg : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
    The s2 configuration has greater stability
    thus making the electron more difficult to
    be removed than expected
    The first ionisation energy of nitrogen
    (Period 2) and Phosphorus (Period 3) is
    higher than expected because the first
    electron removed is from a completely
    half filled p orbital which also has
    greater stability
    N : 1s2 2s2 2p3
    P : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3

    The first ionisation energy of period 2


    elements is higher than their coresponding
    period 3 elements.
    This is due to the fact that period 2
    elements are smaller in size compared to
    their corresponding period 3 counterpart

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