Process Engineering Chiyoda

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module
HYDROCARBON PROCESSING AN OVERVIEW

Upstream
Mid and Downstream
PRODUCED WATER
GAS
LNG
Feasibility Study
Process Design /
Basic Engg.
Trouble Shooting
& Revamp
Plant Design Cycle

Stable Operation
& Performance
Testing
FEED
Pre-Commissioning
& Commissioning
Detail
Engg.

Feasibility Study:
Conceptualization
Process Simulation
Development of Process Flow Scheme
Cost Estimation
Techno-Commercial Evaluation
Basic Engineering:
Mass and Energy Balance
Process Control Scheme
PFDs and Basic Process P&IDs
Sizing and Basic Spec. for Equipments and Instruments

Front End Engineering Design (FEED):
BEP to Project Specific Package (Residual
Engineering)
Verification of Process data for Critical items
Preparation of Specifications
Identification of Scope Splits
Identification of applicable Codes & Standards
Commissioning:
Pre-Commissioning
Commissioning
Startup and Feed charging
Performance Guarantee test run

WORK FLOW DIAGRAM
REVIEW & COMMENTS
TQ
TQ
EQ. LIST
EQ. LIST
UHD
UTILITY
SUMMARY
UHD
UTILITY
SUMMARY
FLARE LOAD
SUMMARY
PE
BDEP
LINE LIST
LINE LIST
PROCESS D/S FOR

EQUIPMENTS
PROCESS D/S FOR

EQUIPMENTS
UPDATED D/S FOR

EQUIPMENTS
UPDATED D/S FOR

EQUIPMENTS
UPDATED D/S FOR

INSTRUMENTS
UPDATED D/S FOR

INSTRUMENTS
PRECOMMISIONING
MANUAL
PRECOMMISIONING
MANUAL
OPERATING
MANUAL
EQUIPMENT LIST
FLARE LOAD
SUMMARY
CHEMICAL
SUMMARY
HAZARDOUS
SOURCE LIST
REVISED P&ID
CHEMICAL
SUMMARY
HAZARDOUS
SOURCE LIST
REVISED P&ID
BDEP
EQUIPMENT LIST
UHD
REVISED P&ID
LINE LIST
PROCESS D/S FOR
EQUIPMENTS
OPERATING
MANUAL
EQUIPMENT LIST
UHD
REVISED P&ID
PLOT PLAN
PP
CV
EL
HAZARDOUS
SOURCE LIST
REVIEW & COMMENTS
PC
EQUIPMENT LIST
UHD
REVISED P&ID
PROCESS D/S FOR
MACHINERY ITEMS
REVIEW & COMMENTS
EQUIPMENT LIST
UHD
REVISED P&ID
PROCESS D/S FOR
EQUIPMENTS
EQUIPMENT LIST
UHD
REVISED P&ID
LINE LIST
UPDATED D/S FOR
INSTRUMENTS
VENDOR DOCUMENTS
ME
FABRICATION DWG.
EQ
IN

REVIEW STAGE:
Review of Contract Documents
Preparation of TQs

STAGE 0:
P&IDs mark up based on General Specifications,
Standards, Amendments etc.
Updation of Process Datasheets based on PFD and other
documents
Preparation of UHDs
Sizing of Utility lines
Preparation of Equipment list
Preparation of Utility summary
Preparation of Catalyst and Chemical summary
Preparation of Tie-in summary
Preparation of Line-list
Preparation of Hazardous source list

P&IDs mark up based on General Specifications,
Standards, Amendments etc.
Standard Details
Licensor P&ID

As per the standards, the control valve assembly with block
& bypass and Vent & Drain arrangement is shown in detail
Marked up P&ID

Updation of Process Datasheets based on PFD and other
documents

Updated Process Datasheets

Preparation of UHDs

Sizing of Utility lines

Preparation of Equipment List
Equipment list
ISOMERISATION PROJECT
MUMBAI
TITLE : EQUIPMENT LIST

MUMBAI
EQUIPMENT
SERV ICE
NO.
TITLE : EQUIPMENT
LIST
EQUIPMENT
LNHT UNIT DA-31701
DA-31702
DA-32810
PENEX UNIT
DA-32810
THICKNESS
WEIGHT
(mm)
(Tons)
LPG STRIPPER
LPG STRIPPER
(mm)
(Tons)
ERECTION
EQUIPMENT
TY PE
STA BILIZER
STA BILIZ ER
DA-32811
DA-32811
WEIGHT
(m)
INTERNAL
DEPENTANIZER
PENEXDEPENTA
UNIT NIZER
DA-31702
ERECTION
THICKNESS
DIMENSIONS
STRIPPER
STRIPPER
EQUIPMENT
TY PE
(ID).X(TL-TL)
(m)
Top = 2.0
COLUMNS
INTERNAL
NO.
LNHT UNIT
DA-31701
DIMENSIONS
(ID).X(TL-TL)
REQD.
SERV ICE
NO.COLUMNS
NO.
REQD.
Trays, Distributor
Internal baff les,
Vortex Breaker,
Bottom = 2.8
1
TL-TL = 27.9
Top = 2.0
Trays, Distributor
Bottom = 2.8Top =
Internal
3.2 baff les,
Trays, Distributor
TL-TL = 27.9
BottomVortex
= 4.0 Breaker,
Internal baff les,
1
TL-TL = 36.9 Vortex Breaker,
Top = 3.2
Trays, Distributor
Bottom = 4.0
Internal baff les,
TL-TL = 36.9Top Vortex
=1.7 Breaker,
Trays, Distributor
Bottom = 3.2
Internal baff les,
1
TL-TL=26.2
Vortex Breaker,
Top =1.7
Trays, Distributor
Bottom = 3.2
Internal baff les,
Trays, Distributor
TL-TL=26.2
Vortex Breaker,
Internal baff les,
1
0.75 x 21
Vortex Breaker,
0.75 x 21
Trays, Distributor
Internal baff les,
Vortex Breaker,
MOC + C.A
SHELL &
MOCHEAD
+ C.A
TRA YS
KCS + 3 mm
KCS + 3 mm
TP 410
KCS + 3 mm
KCS + 3 mm
TP 410
KCS+3mm
KCS+3mm
TP 410
CS+3mm
CS+3mm
OPERATING CONDITION
DESIGN CONDITION
INSULA TION
PRESSURE
TEMP
PRESSURE TEMP.
TYPE THICKNESS
(kg/cm2g)
(C)
(kg/cm2g)
(C)
(mm)
TRA YS
OPERATING
CONDITION
DESIGN CONDITION
INSULATION
TOP BOTTOM
TOP BOTTOM
PRESSURE
TEMP
PRESSURE TEMP.
TYPE THICKNESS
(kg/cm g)
(C)
2
SHELL &
HEAD
TP 410
(kg/cm2g)
(C)
(mm)
TOP BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM

TP 410
TP 410
TP 410
70
57
57
179
-
45
70
119
-
91
171
-
TP 410
91
45
60
Int : 15.82
Ext : FV
232
171
Int : 15.82
232
Ext : FV
171
Int : 4
119
Ext : FV
IH
147
119
171
Int : 4
Ext : FV
147
119
IH
IH
IH
210
179
Int : 13.5
210
Ext : FV
179
Int : 13.5
60
Ext : FV
IH
120
60
120
Int : 13.5
Ext : FV
120
60
80
80
Int : 13.5
Ext : FV
179
125
125
IH
120

Preparation of Equipment List (Continued)
Equipment List contains the information such as
Equipment Number
Service
Dimensions
Internals
Material of Construction
Operating and Design Conditions
Insulation Details
Other Special requirements
Sample view of Equipment list
MUMBAI
TITLE : EQUIPMENT LIST

EQUIPMENT
SERVICE
NO.
DIMENSIONS
NO.
REQD. (ID).X(TL-TL)
(m)
INTERNAL
EQUIPMENT
ERECTION
TYPE
THICKNESS
WEIGHT
(mm)
(Tons)
MOC + C.A
OPERATING CONDITION
PRESSURE
TEMP
(kg/cm2g)
(C)
DESIGN CONDITION
PRESSURE
TEMP.
(kg/cm2g)
(C)
INSULATION
TYPE THICKNESS
SHELL &
HEAD
TRAYS
Trays, Distributor
Internal baffles,
Vortex Breaker,
KCS + 3 mm
TP 410
91
171
Int : 15.82
Ext : FV
232
171
IH
125
Trays, Distributor
Internal baffles,
Vortex Breaker,
KCS + 3 mm
TP 410
70
119
Int : 4
Ext : FV
147
119
IH
80
Trays, Distributor
Internal baffles,
Vortex Breaker,
KCS+3mm
TP 410
57
179
Int : 13.5
Ext : FV
210
179
IH
120
Trays, Distributor
Internal baffles,
Vortex Breaker,
CS+3mm
TP 410
45
60
Int : 13.5
Ext : FV
120
60
(mm)
TOP BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM
COLUMNS
LNHT UNIT
Top = 2.0
DA-31701
STRIPPER
Bottom = 2.8
TL-TL = 27.9
Top = 3.2
DA-31702
DEPENTANIZER
Bottom = 4.0
TL-TL = 36.9
PENEX UNIT
Top =1.7
DA-32810
STABILIZER
DA-32811
LPG STRIPPER
Bottom = 3.2
TL-TL=26.2
0.75 x 21

Preparation of Utility summary
Utility Summary summarizes the consumption / generation of utilities in

all equipments.
The utility data for consumption to be furnished with - ve value.
Similarly the utility data for generation to be furnished with +ve value.
Following are the Utilities taken into account
Electricity
Steam
Condensate
Boiler Feed Water
Cooling Water
Service Water and Portable Water
Instrument Air, Plant Air and Nitrogen
Fuel Gas and Fuel Oil

Sample View of Utility summary

Preparation of Chemical summary
This document summarizes the consumption of Chemicals for the
process.
TITLE : CHEMICAL SUMMARY
% Purity
DMDS
Caustic for LNHT reactor neutralisation
Soda Ash (Na2CO3)
Sodium Nitrate (NaNO3)
Perchloroethylene (C2Cl4)
Anhydrous Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
Make-up Caustic (NaOH) for Penex unit
Anhydrous Ammonia
BARODA, INDIA
Document No.: A-317-4012
Rev.: 0
Chemical Identification
Sr. No.
L&T-CHIYODA LIMITED
--
Chemical Service
As a sulfiding agent during stat-up
First fill
quantity
required
3200 kg
Scope of
supply
MRPL
Required to neutraiize reactor effluent gases
6.5 m3
MRPL
100%
For preparing neutralizing solution during regeneration
200 kg
MRPL
100%
For preparing neutralizing solution during regeneration
20 kg
MRPL
As a promotor for penex reactor catalyst
30 m3
MRPL
20% Wt
99.9 % Min.
-20% Wt
--
Required during initial start up.

Required for scrubbing of gases from stabiliser & during catalyst
regeneration of naphta hydrotreating reactor.
Required as corrosion inhibitor for LNHT unit
2500 kg
25 m3
350 kg
MRPL
MRPL
MRPL

Preparation of Catalyst summary
This document summarizes the consumption of Catalyst for the
process.
TITLE : CATALYST SUMMARY
Catalyst
Quantity
Type
Bed Height
(mm)
Bulk
Density
(Kg /m3)
Type of
Loading
2500
UOP "S-12"
Catalyst
3720
1065
Sulfur guard
bed
1800
ADS-11
2600
DC-32801
Saturation
Reactor
2400
UOP "H-8"
Catalyst
DC-32810
Methanator
Reactor
1100
DC-32811
Penex
Reactor
DC-32812
FA-32801A
Sr.No.
Equip. Tag
No.
Service
DC-31701
Reactor
FA-32802
Equip ID
(mm)
Bed
(m3)
Contingency
5% (m3)
Total
quantity
(m3)
Total
quantity
(kg)
Manufacturer
Sock
18.3
0.915
19.215
20464.0
UOP
930
Sock
6.62
0.331
6.951
6464.4
UOP
2480
520
Sock
11.2
0.56
11.76
6115.2
UOP
Puraspec 2443
7160
--
Sock
6.8
0.34
7.14
--
UOP
2900
UOP "I-8"
Catalyst
9240
882
Dense
61
3.05
64.05
56492.1
UOP
Penex
Reactor
2900
UOP "I-8"
Catalyst
9240
882
Dense
61
3.05
64.05
56492.1
UOP
Zinc oxide
treater
1200
Puraspec 2020
3200
--
Sock
3.62
0.181
3.801
--
UOP

Preparation of Tie-in summary
Battery Limit Tie-in Summary contains the following

information for all ISBL & OSBL lines
Flow rate of all process and utility streams

going to B/L.
Operating and Design Conditions
Line Specifications
Main Properties of the Streams (Optional)

Sample view of Tie-in summary
MUMBAI
TITLE : BATTERY LIMIT TIE-IN SUMMARY
Sr.
No.
Stream Name
From
To
Phase
L/V/M
Flowrates
Tons/hr
Normal
Properties
kg/m3 (L)
Visc.
MW (V)
cP
Operating Conditions
Pressure Temperature
kg/cm2 g
deg C
min/nor/max
min/nor/max
Design Cond
Pressure
kg/cm2 g
(C) INCOMING UTILITY LINES:

1
MP Steam
B/L
HEADER
36066.0
18.0
0.02
14/15/16
255/260/270
22
LP Steam
B/L
HEADER
33180.0
18.0
0.02
3/3.5/4
160/175/200
10
HP Steam
B/L
HEADER
2930.0
18.0
0.01
39/40/41
330/390/408
45
Instrument Air
B/L
HEADER
625.0
29.0
0.02
4.5/6.5/ -
- /40/ -
10.5
Cooling Water Supply
B/L
HEADER
2378207.0
1000.0
0.60
- /4.5/ -
- /33/ -
Fuel Gas
B/L
HEADER
1212.0
15.5
0.01
- /4.5/5
- /40/ -
Fuel Oil
B/L
HEADER
2273.0
854.0
11.50
- /13/20
- /170/ -
25

Preparation of Line-list
Line List contains the data related to process conditions
and the data related to mechanical design and test
conditions for all the lines.
Line List is the base document utilized for verification

of major deliverables of Piping department.
Line List contains the information such as
Line Number
Line Size
Fluid Code and Piping class
From & To Location
State and Nature of the fluid
Operating (Normal&Alternative) and Design

Conditions
Steam out requirements

Insulation Details
Test fluid and Test pressure

Sample View of Line-list
MUMBAI
TITLE : LINE LIST FOR LNHT UNIT
LINE NO.
PIPING CLASS
10-P-3170001-A1A1
606
10
317
0001
A1A1
FA-31701
P-3170215
HC
6-P-3170002-A4A1
606
317
0002
A4A1
GA-31701A
P-3170046
HC
10-P-3170003-A1A1
606
10
317
0003
A1A1
P-3170001
P-3170216
HC
6-P-3170004-A4A1
606
317
0004
A4A1
GA-31701B
P-3170002
HC
0.75-P-3170005-A1A1
691
0.75
317
0005
A1A1
P-3170002
SN-31701
HC
0.75-P-3170006-A1A
691
0.75
317
0006
A1A
SN-31701
FLARE
HC
0.75-P-3170007-A4A1
691
0.75
317
0007
A4A1
SN-31701
P-3170001
HC
6-P-3170008-A4A1
606
317
0008
A4A1
P-3170002
FV-002
HC
6-P-3170009-A1A1
606
317
0009
A1A1
FV-002
FA-31701
HC
LINE NO.
INSULATION
THK. (MM)
UNIT NO.
SR.
NO.
INSULATION
TYPE
FLUID CODE
STATE
(A)
SIZE
(INCH)
LOCATION
P & ID NO.
IDENTIFICATION
FROM
TO
(L/V/M)
NATURE
OF
FLUID

Preparation of Hazardous Source List
Hazardous Source List is the base document
utilized for hazardous area classification drawing
deliverable of Electrical department.
This document contains the information such as
Inlet and Outlet streams of all equipments

State and Nature of the fluid
Composition
Max. operating temperature
Properties like Density and Molecular

weight
Flammability
Flash point
Auto-ignition temperature

Sample View of Hazardous Source List

STAGE 1:
Hydraulic Check of Process lines
Sizing of Vessels
Thermal rating of Heat exchangers
PSV Sizing & Flare hydraulics
Preparation of Flare Load Summary
Preparation of Equipment datasheets for new items
Scope demarcation for Vendor items
Updation of P&IDs based on Hydraulic results

STAGE 1 (Continued):
Updation of Pumps and Instruments datasheets based

on Hydraulics
Updation of Equipment list
Development of Control and Safeguarding Narratives

Loop identification in PFD

Collecting Inputs required for hydraulic calculations

Sample View of Hydraulic Calculation Sheet

Sizing of Vessels
Sizing of vessels is carried out based on Project
Design Criteria (Droplet size, Residence time)
Sometimes, Sizing is governed by separation of
fine entrained droplets using mesh pad, impact

separators, etc.

Sample view of Vessel Sizing calculation sheet
Thermal rating of Heat exchangers
Designing / Rating of heat exchangers is carried
out with the help of HTRI computer program.
This activity enables the designer to model heat
exchangers, allowing the designer to gauge the

performance, geometry and inherent limitations of
the shell and tube heat exchanger even before
fabrication.
This results in lower risks of damage to the
equipment while in service.
its
Sample HTRI Specification Sheet
Sample HTRI Tube Layout

PSV Sizing and Flare Hydraulics
The safety of personnel and the protection of
equipments due to overpressure are the basis for the
design, sizing, and selection of pressure relieving
systems.
All systems and pressure relief devices shall be
designed based on the applicable codes (API 520,

521, etc.), industry standards and practices.
For Flare header Sizing, first we have to determine
the appropriate relief contingencies yielding maximum
loads
Flare header size has to be large enough to prevent

excessive
backpressure on the plant safety valves
and to limit gas velocity and noise to acceptable levels.

Sample view of Flare Hydraulics calculation sheet

Preparation of Flare Load Summary
This document summarizes the relief load of all PSVs for the
applicable relieving cases.

Preparation of Equipment datasheets for new items

Scope demarcation for Vendor items
Vendor scope of supply has to be identified
and to be clearly marked in the P&IDs.

Updation of P&IDs based on Hydraulic results
Licensor P&ID
Updated P&ID
based on
Hydraulics
Compressor
Suction line is
increased to 6
from 4 as per
hydraulic
calculations

Updation of Pumps and Instruments datasheets based
on Hydraulics
Licensor Datasheet

Updated Pumps datasheets based on Hydraulics
Development of Control Narratives
This narrative describes the plant control systems by

instrumentation.
The purpose of this document are as follows :

(1) To explain control systems to those who may
not be familiar with instrumentation symbols
or functional logic diagrams.
(2) To define purpose and algorithm of each
control system.
Pump auto start systems will be also covered in this
document.
Development of Safeguarding Narratives
The purpose of this narrative is to thoroughly

explain the safeguarding scheme and its
significance. Based on the same it is possible to
understand how safeguarding scheme works and
how it will be depicted in Cause and Effect
diagram or Safeguarding Matrix.

Sample of Cause and Effect Diagram
EFFECT
51UZA-2100
V-51203
V-51201 SGS
P-51206A HP BFW PUMP
P-51206B HP BFW PUMP
P-51206C HP BFW PUMP
P-51206D HP BFW PUMP
COMMON TRIP ALARM
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
ALARM
ACTION
51UZA-2105
51UZA-2106
51UZA-2107
51UZA-2108
51UZA-2100
DESCRIPTION
P-51402A MP BFW PUMP
PEFS NO.
TRIP
51UZA-2100
DESCRIPTION
P-51203 HP BFW PUMP
TAG NO.
CLOSE
51UZA-2104
CAUSE
P-5105A HP BFW PUMP
Cause Section
51UZA-2102
UNIT 51
P-5105B HP STEAM VALVE
SAFE GUARDING MATRIX
51UZA-2103
Effect Section
TAG NO.
51LZA-2008
<51HS-2012 is 'BOTH' position>

51LZA-2008 V-51203 LEVEL LOW LOW
D-0098-51-25-0006
D-1651-51-50-0018
51LZA-2011
51LZA-2008
<51HS-2012 is 'V-51203' position>

D-0098-51-25-0006
D-1651-51-50-0018
51LZA-2011
D-0098-51-25-0006
51LZA-2008
D-1651-51-50-0018
<51HS-2012 is 'V-51210' position>
51LZA-2011

STAGE 2:
Interface Activities
Updation of Control & Safeguarding narratives and issue
for HAZOP Study
Updation of Utility summary
Updation of Line list

Interface Activities
Vendor Document Review
Review of Engineering Drawings
Review of Plot Plan
3D-Model Review
Review of DCS Graphics

Vendor Document Review
Some of the Critical points to be reviewed in Engineering
Drawings are:
Consistency of Process data as per process datasheets

such as Operating & Design Conditions, MOC, Special
service requirements, etc.
Review of other technical aspects

(a) Meeting all Specifications as per requirement.
(b) Expected Utility consumption figures.
(c) Guarantee figures, if any.
(d) Other technical requirements specified in the
requisition.
(e) Fulfilment of Scope of Supply.

Review of Engineering Drawings
Some of the Critical points to be reviewed in Engineering
Drawings are:
Consistency of Process data as per process datasheets

such as Operating & Design Conditions, MOC, Special
service requirements, etc.
Number of Nozzles
Sizes of Nozzles
Checking location and orientation of all nozzles
especially nozzles for Temperature, Pressure and

Level Instruments as per Project requirements

Review of Plot Plan
Some of the Critical points to be reviewed in Plot plan are:
Consistency of equipments shown in plot plan with

Equipment List, PFD and P&IDs.
Are the distances between equipment kept minimum with

respect to pressure drop?
Are the height of Towers and vessels enough to

provide NPSH of pumps?
Are the equipment located symmetrically such as column and

reboilers?
Is there enough space around columns, towers and

reactors for removal of internals?
Is there enough space to remove tube bundle of heat

exchangers?
Are the equipments arranged considering safety

aspects especially for Fired heaters, Compressors and Tanks?

3D-Model Review
Some of the Critical points to be considered in 3D-model
review are:
Is piping arranged to provide straight run

requirement such as inlet of tower?
Are CV sets placed as per Project requirements such as
closeness to equipment, at high or low level, etc., if
any?
Are symmetrical piping considered for AFCs?
Are the valves located at operable location from the

nearest platform or grade?
Is piping arranged to keep special bending radius

requirements, if any?

Review of DCS Graphics
Review of Control logics as per Control & Safeguarding narratives

Updation of Control & Safeguarding narratives and issue

for HAZOP Study
Updation of Utility summary
Updation of Line list
STAGE 3:
Safety Studies / Analysis

Updation of P&IDs based on Safety Studies
recommendation
Preparation of Precommisioning manual
Preparation of Operating manual
Safety Studies / Analysis
HAZOP Study
SIL Study
FIREPRAN Study

HAZOP Study
HAZard and OPerability study is a technique to examine a
system, part by part, in a very systematic manner, to find
out the cause and consequence of every conceivable
deviation in the normal operation of the system as well
as during emergencies, start-ups and shutdowns. The
method enables prediction of all possible ways in which a
hazard or an operating problem could arise, whether the
design
takes
preventive
care
of
them
and
if
recommends changes (Action) as may be necessary.
not,

SIL
Measurement of confidence level for performance of safety
function is called the Safety Integrity Level(SIL)

Safety integrity of a system can be defined as
The probability (likelihood) of a safety-related system

performing
the required safety function under all the stated
conditions within a stated period of time
SIL is a measure of the reliability of the safety function
performing to specification.
The SIL is based on the accepted risk level and ranges from 1
to 4
Safety
Integrity
Level (SIL)
4
3
2
1
Probability of Failure
Mode of Operation On demand
Mode of Operation continuous
(average probability of failure to perform
(probability of dangerous failure per
its design function upon demand)
hour)
-5
-4
> 10 to < 10
> 10-9 to < 10-8
> 10-4 to < 10-3
> 10-8 to < 10-7
> 10-3 to < 10-2
> 10-7 to < 10-6
> 10-2 to < 10-1
> 10-6 to < 10-7

FIREPRAN study
FIRE PRotection & ANalysis is a new technique employed at
the design phase of a facility or installation to achieve the
following objectives
Overview the role of the facility and its significance to the
overall operation.
Review the facilitys Fire and Explosion Strategy (FES) in the
context of the role of the facility and its significance to the
overall company.
Analyze threats to loss of containment or other potential
sources of combustion events.
Assess release event consequences and explosion scenarios
Review and assess adequacy of threat control measures,
mitigation and recovery measures.
Make recommendation for risk reduction measures to
achieve levels as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP).

Example for Firepran Study
Column middle cut pool fire and isopleths is analyzed as
shown below in case of possible explosion due to oil leakage
above its Auto Ignition Temperature.
Heat
Flux
Effects on Human
Effects on Property
Sufficient to cause pin to personnel

if unable to reach cover within 20
seconds.
No damage
12.5
This level of radiation will cause a

30% chance of fatality for a
prolonged exposure.
Minimum energy
required for piloted
ignition of wood,
melting of plastic
tubing
Sufficient to cause damage to

process equipment. Exposure to
this level of radiation is assumed to
give rise to a 100% chance of
fatality
Failure of steel
structures within 30
minutes
kW/m2
37.5

Critical Area identification
Area in red needs to be

given extensive
consideration for fire
protection systems
Updation of P&IDs based on Safety Studies

recommendation
Preparation of Precommisioning manual
Preparation of Operating manual

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Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

HYDROCARBON PROCESSING AN OVERVIEW

Mid and Downstream

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Plant Design Cycle

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Development of Process Flow Scheme

Mass and Energy Balance

Process Control Scheme

PFDs and Basic Process P&IDs

Sizing and Basic Spec. for Equipments and Instruments

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Verification of Process data for Critical items

Identification of Scope Splits

Identification of applicable Codes & Standards

Startup and Feed charging

Performance Guarantee test run

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

PROCESS D/S FOR

PROCESS D/S FOR

UPDATED D/S FOR

UPDATED D/S FOR

UPDATED D/S FOR

UPDATED D/S FOR

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Review of Contract Documents

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

TITLE : EQUIPMENT LIST

LNHT UNIT DA-31701

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Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Equipment List contains the information such as

Operating and Design Conditions

Other Special requirements

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Sample view of Equipment list

TITLE : EQUIPMENT LIST

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Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Utility Summary summarizes the consumption / generation of utilities in

The utility data for consumption to be furnished with - ve value.

Following are the Utilities taken into account

Boiler Feed Water

Service Water and Portable Water

Instrument Air, Plant Air and Nitrogen

Fuel Gas and Fuel Oil

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Mid & Downstream Business Training Module

Caustic for LNHT reactor neutralisation

Soda Ash (Na2CO3)

Sodium Nitrate (NaNO3)

Anhydrous Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

Make-up Caustic (NaOH) for Penex unit

As a sulfiding agent during stat-up

Required to neutraiize reactor effluent gases