Ahsanullah University of Science &

Technology

Pre-stressed Concrete Lab

CE-416
Course Teacher:
Mr. Galib Muktadir & Sabreena N.Mouri
Department of Civil Engineering

W ELCO M E TO M Y PRESEN TATIO N

Prepared by:
Sadia M annan M itu
ID :10.01.03.102

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D efi
nition ofT-Beam :
When slabs are monolithically casted

with beams in a positive moment

zone, part of the slab act as a part of
the beam and resist the longitudinal
compression. The resulting section is
T beam.

D efi
nition ofT-Beam :
The top of the t-shaped cross section

serves as a flange or compression

member in resisting compressive
stresses.
The web of the beam below the

compression flange serves to resist

shear stress and to provide greater
separation for the coupled forces of
bending

Fig:T-Beam

U ltim ate Strength D esign(U SD )

M ethod:
Based on the ultimate strength of the

structure assuming a failure condition either

due to concrete crushing or by yielding of
steel. Addition strength of steel due to
strain hardening is not encountered in the
analysis or design.
Actual working loads are multiplied by load
factor(>1) to obtain the ultimate design
load.
ACI (American Concrete Institute)code
emphasizes this method.

Positive bending m om ent for TBeam :

In the analysis and design of floor

and roof systems, it is common

practice to assume that the
monolithically placed slab and
supporting beam interact as a unit in
resisting the positive bending
moment.

N egative bending m om ent for

T-Beam :
It should be noted that when the T-

Beam is subjected to negative

moment, the slab at the top of the
stem (web) will be in tension while
the bottom of the stem is in
compression. This usually occurs at
interior support of continuous beam.

Eff
ective fl
ange w idth:
The effective slab width is a concept

used in flexural analysis of concrete Tbeams and concrete-steel composite

beams to simplify the computation of
flange bending stresses. In order to
determine the ultimate moment
capacity of composite beams, the
ultimate stress in the effective flange
width is needed.

Eff
ective fl
ange w idth ofT-Beam :

Eff
ective fl
ange w idth ofT-Beam :

Strength Analysis:

For equilibrium w e have,

Case I:

Case II:

And Nominal moment capacity will be

Mn = Asf fy (d-hf/2)+ (As - Asf) fy (d a/2)

Trial:
In USD method,
For trial,first assume a
is within the range.
-if a hf , analyze as
rectangular beam.
-If a>hf , analyze as T
Beam

D esign Procedure ofT-Beam :

1.Compute the design moment (Mu).
2.Assume the effective depth.
3.Decide the effective flange width
(b) based on ACI criteria.
4.Compute the practical moment
strength (Mn) assuming the total
effective flange is supporting the
compression.

D esign Procedure ofT-Beam :

5.If the practical moment strength
(Mn) is bigger than the design moment
(Mu), the beam will be calculated as a
rectangular T-beam with the effective
flange width b. If the practical moment
strength (Mn) is smaller than the
design moment (Mu), the beam will
behave as a true T-shape beam.

D esign Procedure ofT-Beam :

6.Find the approximate lever arm
distance for the internal couple.
7.Compute the approximate
required steel area.
8.Design the reinforcement.
9.Check the beam width.
10.Compute the actual effective
depth and analyze the beam.

Singly Reinforced Beam :

A singly reinforced beam is one in

which the concrete element is only

reinforced near the tensile face and
the reinforcement, called tension
steel, is designed to resist the
tension.

D oubly Reinforced Beam :

A doubly reinforced beam is one in

which besides the tensile reinforcement

the concrete element is also reinforced
near the compressive face to help the
concrete resist compression. The latter
reinforcement is called compression
steel. When the compression zone of a
concrete is inadequate to resist the
compressive moment (positive
moment), extra reinforcement has to be
provided if the architect limits the

Advantages:
Can be placed in almost all weather

conditions
Are manually placed, thus not requiring any
special equipment
Do not require hardcore back fill beneath
beams
Provide an immediate dry working platform
The ideal option where site access is limited
T-Beams are most often used for sunrooms,
extensions and small projects.

D isadvantages:

The T-beam has a big disadvantage

compared to an I-beam because it has

no bottom flange with which to deal
with tensile forces. One way to make
a T-beam more efficient structurally is
to use an inverted T-beam with a floor
slab or bridge deck joining the tops of
the beams. Done properly, the slab
acts as the compression flange.

TH A N K YO U

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