Slope deflection method

There are two distinct methods of analysis for

statically indeterminate structures depending on
how equations of equilibrium, load displacement
and compatibility conditions are satisfied: 1) force
method of analysis and (2) displacement method
of analysis
In the force method of analysis, primary
unknowns are forces and compatibility of
displacements is written in terms of pre-selected
redundant reactions and flexibility coefficients
using force displacement relations.

 In the displacement method of

analysis, the primary unknowns are
displacements.
In this method first equilibrium
equations
are
satisfied.
The
equilibrium of forces is written by
expressing
the
unknown
joint
displacements in terms of load by
using load displacement relations

Objectives
After reading this chapter the student will be
able to
Calculate kinematic degrees of freedom of
continuous beam.
Derive slope-deflection equations for the case
beam with unyielding supports.
Analyze continuous beams & frames using
slope-deflection method.

 The slope-deflection method was originally

developed by Heinrich Manderla and Otto
Mohr for computing secondary stresses in
trusses. The method as used today was
presented by G.A.Maney in 1915 for
analyzing rigid jointed structures.

Derivation
Assume a uniform beam of span L
and flexural rigidity EI .

 Let the end moments MAB & MBA act on

the beam. Since the beam is elastic the
effects of the end moments can be
investigated seperately & superposed.
Consider the end moment MAB alone

 Applying moment-area method

BA = 1/2x (MAB/EI) x L x 2/3 x L

= BA / L = MAB L / 3EI
= - AB / L = - MAB L / 6EI
(anticlockwise rotation)

 Similarly, for MBA

= - MBA L / 6EI & = MBA L / 3EI

In addition let the support B sinks by then

= = /L

 Total rotations at the supports due to the effects

of end moments and support sinking can be
expressed as
= + + = MAB L/3EI MBA L/6EI + /L
= + + = -MAB L/6EI + MBA L/3EI +
/L
Solving these two equations for M AB & MBA we get
MAB = 2EI/L (2A + B - 3/L)
MBA = 2EI/L (2B + A - 3/L)

Free BMD

Fixed end moments

Analyse the continuous beam using slopedeflection method & draw sfd & bmd

1. Fixed end moments

MAB = - WL/8 = -10*8/8 = - 10 kNm

MBA = + WL/8 = 10*8/8 = + 10 kNm
MBC = - WL /30 = - 6* 6 /30 = - 7.2 kNm
MCB = + WL /20 = + 6* 6 /20 = + 10.8 kNm

2. Slope-deflection equations
MAB = 2EI/L (2A + B - 3/L) + MAB
=

2EI/8 (2A + B - 3/L) 10

= 0.25 EI B 10 -------------(1)

 MBA = 2EI/L (2B + A - 3/L) + MBA

=

2EI/8 (2B + A - 3/L) + 10

= 0.5 EI B + 10 ----------- (2)

 MBC = 2EI/L (2B + C - 3/L) + MBC

= 2EI/6 (2B + C - 3/L) 7.2
= 0.333 EI B 7.2 ----------- (3)
MCB = 2EI/L (2C + B - 3/L) + MBC
= 2EI/6 (2C + B - 3/L) +
10.8
= 0.333 EI B + 10.8 ----------- (4)

3. Joint equilibrium equation

@ B MB = 0
MBA + MBC = 0
0.5 EI B + 10 + 0.333 EI B 7.2 =
0
0.833 EI B =

- 2.8 --------(5)

EI B = - 3.361

 Substituting the value of EI B in

equations (1),(2),(3)& (4) We get

4. Final moments
MAB = - 10.84 kNm
MBA = + 8.319 kNm
MBC = - 8.319 kNm
MCB = 9.680 kNm

Bending moment diagram

Shear force diagram