Patologi Kolon Rektum

Anus

Dr. Resti Arania Sp.PA

B, Normal colon histology, showing flat mucosal surface and abundant

vertically oriented crypts.

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ANOMALI KONGENITAL
Pada usus kecil
Atresia/ stenosis
Duplikasi
Diverticulum Meckels
Omfalokel

Pada usus besar

Malrotasi
Penyakit Hirschsprung

Penyakit Hirschsprung :
Congenital Megacolon
(Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon)
sebagian usus tanpa ganglion baik
ganglion submukosal Meissners dan
pleksus myenterik Auerbachs

Shigella enterocolitis. Segment of colon showing pale, granular, inflamed

mucosa with patches of coagulated exudate.
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Shigella enterocolitis. Segment of colon showing pale, granular, inflamed

mucosa with patches of coagulated exudate.
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Kolitis dihubungkan dengan

antibiotik
(Kolitis pseudomembranous)
Akut
Perlekatan menyerupai plak
causa : C. difficile

Pseudomembranous colitis from C. difficile infection. A, Gross photograph

showing plaques of yellow fibrin and inflammatory debris adherent to a
reddened colonic mucosa. B, Low-power micrograph showing superficial
erosion of the mucosa and an adherent pseudomembrane of fibrin, mucus,
and inflammatory debris.

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Pseudomembranous colitis from C. difficile infection. A, Gross photograph showing

plaques of yellow fibrin and inflammatory debris adherent to a reddened colonic mucosa.
B, Low-power micrograph showing superficial erosion of the mucosa and an adherent
pseudomembrane of fibrin, mucus, and inflammatory debris.
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Necrotizing Enterocolitis
khususnya menyerang bayi
baru lahir
- akut
- peradangan dan nekrosis
seluruh ketebalan dinding usus

Necrotizing enterocolitis. A, Postmortem examination in a severe case of NEC shows the entire
small bowel is markedly distended with a perilously thin wall (usually this implies impending
perforation). B, The congested portion of the ileum corresponds to areas of hemorrhagic infarction
and transmural necrosis microscopically. Submucosal gas bubbles (pneumatosis intestinalis) can
be seen in several areas (arrows).
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Necrotizing enterocolitis. A, Postmortem examination in a severe case of NEC shows the entire small
bowel is markedly distended with a perilously thin wall (usually this implies impending perforation). B,
The congested portion of the ileum corresponds to areas of hemorrhagic infarction and transmural
necrosis microscopically. Submucosal gas bubbles (pneumatosis intestinalis) can be seen in several
areas (arrows).
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 Hemoroid
Pelebaran vena di anus dan
pleksus vena perianal
Hemoroid interna : di atas garis
anorektal dan dilapisi mukosa
rektum
Hemoroid eksterna : di bawah
garis anorektal dan dilapisi
epitel anus (skuamosa)

DIVERTIKULOSIS KOLON
divertikulum : kantung

buntu menonjol ke luar

lumen, dilapisi oleh mukosa
usus dan berhubungan
dengan lumen usus

BOWEL OBSTRUCTION
Hernias
Adhesi usus
Intussusception
volvulus

TUMOR USUS KECIL DAN

USUS BESAR

Polip hiperplastik
polip inflamatorik

Polip non neoplastik

 Adenomas

- epitel proliferatif dan

displastik ( ringan- keras )

 Sindrom Poliposis

Familial

 Colorectal Carcinoma

Staging & Grading

1937 :

Dukes
A
B
C
D

1954 :

Astler and Coller

APPENDIKS :
Appendisitis Akut
Appendisitis akut awal
Appendisitis supuratif akut
Appendisitis Akut gangrenosa
Tumor appendiks
Karsinoid
Mukokel

 Infiltrat sel radang limfosit dan sel plasma

pada lamina propria
(1) metaplasia intestinal, (2) proliferasi
jaringan limfoid