RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

To be able to

describe the CHRA

process
To be able to
understand and
provide the relevant
information for the
successful
implementation of
CHRA program

Introduction to CHRA
-CHRA background and
relevant legislation and
requirements
CHRA Process
-Chemical Hazards and
Identification, Assessment
and Control Measures
RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

Course Program

0900-0915
Course Introduction
0915-1015
OSH Act 1994 and USECHH 2000
1015-1030
Break
1030-1130
Chemical Hazards
1130-1300 Route to Compliance and CHRA Process

1300-1400 Lunch Break

1400-1500 Information Required for CHRA and Use of
Forms
and Checklist
1500-1630 Case Study/Site Visit
Discussion and Action Plan/Closing
1630-1700

10.5 b

2 million Chemicals

Production/Process

Chemicals
Laboratory
Chemicals
Maintenance
Chemicals
Other
Chemicals(Waste,
Office, Clinical,
Domestic, Pesticides,
etc)

19.5 b

 Duties of employer-section 15

- ensure workplace is safe and

without risk to health
- the making of arrangements for
ensuring, so far as reasonably
practicable, safety and absence
of risk to health in connection
with the use or operation,
handling, storage and transport
of plant or substance.
-Substance-natural or
artificial, solid, liquid or gas or
any combination
RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

 Duties of employees-section

24
- to co-operate with his
employer or any other person
in discharge of any duty or
requirement imposed on the
employer or that other
person by this ACT or any
other regulation made
thereunder
RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

(USE AND STANDARD OF EXPOSURE OF
CHEMICAL HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH)
REGULATIONS, 2000 (USECHH)

SALIENT PROVISION
1. PRELIMINARY
2. IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICALS
HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH
3. PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT
4. ASSESSMENT OF RISK TO HEALTH
5. ACTION TO CONTROL EXPOSURE
6. LABELLING AND RE-LABELLING

SALIENT PROVISION
7. INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION
AND TRAINING
8. MONITORING OF EXPOSURE AT
THE PLACE OF WORK
9. HEALTH SURVEILLANCE
10. MEDICAL REMOVAL
PROTECTION
11. WARNING SIGN
12. RECORD KEEPING

SALIENT PROVISION
SCHEDULE I - LIST OF

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT

SCHEDULE II - LIST OF
CHEMICALS FOR WHICH
MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE IS
APPROPRIATE
SCHEDULE III - INFORMATION ON
PESTICIDE

CHEMICALS HAZARDOUS
TO HEALTH
CHEMICALS LISTED IN
SCHEDULE I OR II OF THIS
REGULATIONS
ANY CHEMICAL DEFINED AS PESTICIDES
UNDER THE PESTICIDES ACT 1974
ANY CHEMICAL LISTED IN THE 1ST
SCHEDULE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY (SCHEDULE WASTE) REG. 1989

CHEMICALS HAZARDOUS
TO HEALTH
POSSESS ANY OF THE

PROPERTIES CATEGORISED
IN PART B OF
SCHEDULE
1 OF CPL REG. 1997
- VERY TOXIC

- TOXIC

- CORROSIVE

- IRRITANT

- HARMFUL

APPLICATION
ALL PLACES OF WORK WITHIN
THE PURVIEW OF THE OSH ACT
1994 WHERE CHEMICALS
HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH ARE
USED

IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICALS
HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH:
REGULATION 5
EMPLOYERS DUTIES ARE :
TO IDENTIFY AND RECORD ALL
CHEMICALS HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH IN
A REGISTER
TO MAINTAIN THE REGISTER
TO MAKE THE REGISTER ACCESSIBLE TO
EMPLOYEES

INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE

REGISTER
REGULATION 5 (2)

LIST OF ALL CHEMICALS

HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH USE

CURRENT CHEMICAL SAFETY DATA
SHEET
AVERAGE QUANTITY USE
PROCESS AND WORK AREA WHERE
THE CHEMICALS ARE USE
NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE
SUPPLIER OF EACH CHEMICAL

CEL - Ceiling Limit

concentration

TWA - Time Weighted average

MEL - Maximum Exposure
Limit

CEL
MEL

15 min.
3TWA

TWA

time

ASSESSMENT OF RISK TO
HEALTH
REGULATION 9

EMPLOYER TO CONDUCT
WRITTEN ASSESSMENT:

BEFORE STARTING ANY WORK

USING CHEMICAL HAZARDOUS TO
HEALTH
WITHIN ONE YEAR FROM THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS
REGULATIONS FOR THE EXISTING
WORK/PROCESS
ASSESSMENT TO BE CARRIED OUT
BY DOSH APPROVED ASSESSOR

ASSESSMENT OF RISK TO
HEALTH
Content of Assessment
Risk Potential to employee
as a result of
REGULATION
9
exposure

Method and Procedures of use

Nature of Hazards
Degree of Exposure
Risk to Health created by USE and
RELEASE OF CHEMICALS from work
processes
Control measures
Emergency procedures
Necessity for Exposure Monitoring,Health
Surveillance and Training/Retraining

CONTROL MEASURES
(Part V, Regulation 15)

Elimination;
Substitution;
Total
Enclosure;
Isolation

CONTROL MEASURES
(Part V, Regulation 15)

Modification of Process

Parameters;
Engineering Control Equipment;
Safe Work Systems and Practices;
Personal Protective Equipment.

ENGINEERING CONTROL EQUIPMENT

(Part V, Regulation 17 and 19)

Maintenance Requirements
Monthly Inspection; (Employer)
Annual Examination and
Testing;
Record Keeping.

LABELLING AND RELABELLING

(Regulation 20)

Duty of Employer:
Ensure Labels are not
removed, defaced, modified
or altered;
Relabelled if the above is not
being met.

(Part VII, Regulation 22)

To enable employees to know

Risk of chemical to health ;
Precautionary measures;

INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION
AND
TRAINING
Information
on
Results of any exposure
monitoring;
Results of any health
surveillance programme;

CHEMICAL SAFETY DATA

SHEET(CSDS)
(Regulation 24)

Chemicals received without

Label
CSDS
Not to be used until such
information is obtained;

MONITORING OF
EXPOSURE
(Part VIII, Regulation 26 (1))
Objectives
To evaluate the degree of
employees exposure;
To ensure the maintenance of
adequate control measures;
Monitoring in accordance to
approved monitoring and
analysis method ;

HEALTH SURVEILLANCE
(Part IX, Regulation 27)

To detect exposure levels and early

biological effects and response;

Biological monitoring;
Medical surveillance;
Biological effect monitoring;
Review of records and occupational
history;
Enquiries about occupational poisoning
or occupational disease symptoms ;

MEDICAL REMOVAL
PROTECTION
(Part X, Regulation 28)

Based on medical finding;

Pregnant or breast feeding

employee who is exposed to

chemical hazardous to
health;

WARNING SIGN

(Part XI, Regulation 29)

Posted at hazard area entrances;

Indicate hazard warning;
Written in National and English
language;
Printed in dark red against white
background;

RECORD KEEPING
(Part XII, Regulation 30)

Retention of records by employer

Handover records to successor;
Transmit records to DG if no
successor;
Notify the DG three months in
advance for records disposal ;

ROUTE TO COMPLIANCE

START

Identification and Register of All

chemicals used
Conduct Training Program
and repeat at least every 2
years

Ensure proper
labelling and provide
warning signs

Carry out /Review CHRA with new information,

Review CHRA every 5 years or Significant change in work
Carry out Exposure
Monitoring to get
more information to
assess exposure or to
ensure effectiveness
of control measures

Results
?

No further
Action Required

Implement and /or maintain Control Measures

and/or Conduct Health Surveillance Program

 Chemical can cause

injury/illness in
several ways
- INHALATION
( breathing in )

- ABSORPTION
(skin/eyes contact )
- INGESTION
( swallowing )
OSHA SAFETY & HEALTH SYSTEM (M) SDN BHD

 ACUTE ( SHORT-TERM)
-Large Amount,Shorttime
-Dizziness, headache,
vomiting,
-Burns, irritation

CHRONIC( LONG-TERM)

- Lung Diseases, cancer

- Damage to kidney,
liver reproductive
system

 Dust, smoke and fumes

Gases
Liquids and Vapors

(solvents, acids, alkalis)

Metals(lead,chromium,etc
)
Chemicals causing skin
dermatitis

 DUST

Size,Nature,Quantity,Dura
tion ( Exposure Time )
examples
- asbestos, silica
FUMES AND SMOKE
- welding, soldering

 GASES

-Irritant,corrosive (chlorine, sulfur

dioxide,)
phosgene, CO, lack of Oxygen
(no smell)
LIQUIDS AND VAPORS
-Solvents
can cause dizziness, headache,
addiction, skin diseases
ACIDS AND ALKALIS
-corrosive, irritants, can burn

 GENETIC EFFECTS

-Miscarriage, Damage
to unborn child
-lead, Vinyl chloride,
Trichloroethylene
METALS
- lead, mercury,
chromium,cobalt, nickel
can cause cancer,
systemic poisoning

 OCCUPATIONAL SKIN DISEASES

-Contact Dermatitis (irritant,
allergic)
-IRRITANT
prolonged contact
( corrosive,solvents)
-ALLERGIC
delayed reactions
typical exposure- chemical,
hairdressers, printing, textiles,
painting, workshop

Chemical Health Risk

Assessment
(CHRA)
Process

CHEMICAL HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT

(CHRA)

A structured approach to identifying,

evaluating and controlling chemical
health hazards in the workplace.

RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

HRA-1M

What is CHRA ?
Deciding the assessor
IDENTIFY
Gather information
Evaluate the risk

Review

ASSESS

Is the risk to health controlled

to be as low as reasonably
practicable ?-ALARP
YES

Record assessment

RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

Further info needed?

NO

CONTROL &
RECOVER

Decide on remedial action

HRA-1M

CHRA Process
Gather information
Hazard Rating (degree of hazard)
Assessment units
Exposure evaluation

CHRA Process
Assess adequacy of control

measures
Evaluate risk and conclude
assessment
Action plan/recommendations
Report submission
Review assessment

Risk Evaluation
RR = (HR X ER)

RR = risk rating, HR = hazard rating

ER = exposure rating
RR = 1, 2 - risk not significant
RR = 3,4 - risk significant cat
1(adequately controlled but could
increase in future)
RR = 5 - risk significant cat 2 (not
adequately controlled)

Hazard Rating
Based on toxicity
Rating 1-5, 5 most hazardous
Information from MSDS, CPL
regulations

Exposure Rating
Depend on magnitude of exposure,

frequency and duration of exposure

Magnitude of exposure derived from
on professional Judgement and
workplace observation, records of
monitoring, and additive effect of
chemicals

EXPOSURE RATING (ER)

1

RR=1

RR=2

RR=2

RR=2

RR=3

RR=2

RR=2

RR=3

RR=3

RR=4

RR=2

RR=3

RR=3

RR=4

RR=4

RR=2

RR=3

RR=4

RR=4

RR=5

RR=3

RR=4

RR=4

RR=5

RR=5

(HR)

HAZARD
RATING

Gathering Information
Identify Chemical Hazards used or

released in the workplace

Layout plan/process description/flowchart
Identify Job Types and employees at risk
Records of
incidence/accidents/monitoring/inspection
etc.
Control measures including training and
health surveillance
RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

HRA-1M

Identify Hazards
Divide into manageable units( Assessment

/WorkUnits )
Walk-through survey
- Looking at ( equipment,chemicals, activities etc.)
Make a Task/Hazards matrix
Look at Records
-(incidents/fault reports, inspections, maintenance,
sickness absence, hygiene surveys )
Create an inventory of Chemical Hazards

RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

HRA-1M

Documents/Information
Required

Plant Layout Plan

Operation Overview/ Process Flowcharts
Organisation Chart
List of chemicals
JobTypes/Tasks for each units and list of employees
Other records-at site
-Safety Manual, incidents/faults, inspections,
maintenance, sickness absence, Medical
Records(Clinic), hygiene surveys, minutes of
safety meeting.

RHM CONSULTANT SDN BHD

HRA-1M

Practical Exercise

Choose a work-site/unit.
Description of activities/process flow chart/job types
and tasks.
Identify the categories/form of the chemicals used or
released.
What are their health effects/hazards rating-MSDS?
What are the safety precautions and control measures
required when handling these chemicals and
procedures in case of exposure or any emergency
situation?
Complete the forms provided.