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GOVERNMENT BUDGET
Budget deficit
CUT SPENDING
a.
b.
PAKISTAN GOVERNMENT
SPENDING
INCREASE TAXES
Tax is the first source of revenue to the
government.
Tax have of the two types
Direct tax:
Deducted from entrepreneurial and
corporate income
Indirect tax:
Imposed on economic activities of
production, consumption and distribution.
Bailout
For financing the budget deficit the government
can borrow
Internally(Domestically) from
State bank
Commercial banks
Financial institutions
Through public borrowing etc.
Externally(internationally)
From other countries
From international organizations such as
IMF,ADB or world bank etc.
ECONOMIC GROWTH
High economic growth is the least painful way to
reduce the budget deficit because you dont need to
raise tax rates or cut spending.
The World Bank projected Pakistans economic
growth to accelerate to 4.5% in FY 2016 and then
further to 4.8% in FY 2017 supported by strong
growth in industry and services.
To reduce the budget deficit is to promote economic
growth. If the economy grows, then the government
will increase tax revenue, without raising taxes.
With economic growth, companies pay more
corporation tax (tax on profits), and workers
paymore income tax.
ISSUANCE OF BONDS
Government often issue bonds to get money owed
REVENUE
GENERATION
STRATEGIES
REVENUE GENERATION
STRATEGIES
FOR ADDRESSING THE
DEFICIT:
Strategy 1: Generating Economic Growth through
accelerating Industrialization process
Strategy 2: Creating Employment Opportunities through
encouraging SME Development
Strategy 3: Stimulating Investment through promoting
Savings and Capital Formation
IMMUNIZATION
IMMUNIZATION
The process whereby a person is made immune
or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by
the administration of a vaccine
Vaccines stimulate the body's own immune
(defense) system to protect the person against
subsequent infection
HISTORY OF IMMUNIZATION
In 1974, EPI was initiated by the World Health
Organization (WHO)
when less than 5% of the world's children were
immunized during their first year
The program was started on six diseases
(Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Polio, Measles,
and Tuberculosis),later In 1988 Hepatitis B was
added
WHO passed the resolution of global polio
eradication by 2000
The number of polio cases worldwide has decreased
from 350,000 in 1988, to 273 cases by May 25, 2010
Immunization in Pakistan
Program on Immunization was started in
Pakistan in 1978 with the ultimate objective of
reduction in morbidity and mortality caused by
six vaccine preventable diseases
Pakistan is among the few countries where Polio
has yet to be eradicated completely