Protection against

overvoltage due to
lightning

PRESENTED BYANIRBAN DAS

B.TECH
EEE 3RD YEAR
ROLL NO-06
SWAMI VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY

Index

Introduction
Lightning & Adverse Effect
Protective Devicesa.
b.
c.
d.

Earth screen
Overhead Ground wire
Lightning Arrester
Recloser

Conclusion

Rod gap Arrester

Horn gap Arrester
Pellet type Arrester

Expulsion
type
Arrester
Valve Type Arrester

Introduction

There are several possibilities of overvoltage of equipments,

that can
be caused by internal and external reasons.
Overvoltage due to lightning is more appreciable in
magnitude that may get the equipments affected.
Thenceforth the term protection comes and some
protective devices must be installed to continue the
deliberation system.

Lightning & Adverse Effect

Lightning is nothing but an electric discharge between the
charge centers of same cloud, which contains an enormous
charges and creates a huge voltage that harmful to the
equipments.
In the graphical representation,
The wave is characterized by Crest or peak value
Front time
Time duration

This steep-fronted waveform carries some adverse effects Travelling wave will shatter the insulation
Accumulation of charges & insulation break down
Oscillation of line

Protective Devices
From the previous explanation it is seen that the lightning
effect may be more hazardous, disrupts the power
deliberation procedure. So, to protect these from damaging,
some protective devices must be installed. These are Earth Screen:
Earth screen is basic and expensive equipment
protectors, made by constructing a network of copper
conductors mounted all over the electrical equipments .

Overhead Ground Wire:

Overhead ground wire is installed for providing
protection on transmissional elements and set up
above the line wires at an exact position where a
stroke is intercepted by it.

Recloser:

That is used to detect a fault

on line and disconnect the
section and automatically try
to reconnect after an interval.

Lightning Arrester:
In previous explanation, earth
screen and ground wire can
well protect the overvoltage but
not travelling wave that is
obstructed by using lightning
arresters.
In addition it is able to divert the
high voltage surge towards
ground.

i. Rod gap Arrester:

ii.

Horn type Arrester:

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iii. Pellet type Arrester :

This type of arrester

made by lead peroxide
coated by lead oxide.
Lead oxide is not strong
conductive ,lead
peroxide is.

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Early streamer emission

Compound sheath nonclearance arrester

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Conclusion
From
the
earlier discussion, we can conclude that
protection must be needed for welfare of power system and
to provide endless deliberation system. So, these protective
devices should be perfect and more efficient. Thats why
modern technology is being used to cut down voltage as
maximum as possible.

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THANK YOU