Chapter 11 Threaded

Fasteners

Two Basic types of fasteners: Permanent & removable

Permanent- Examples: Rivets & welds
Removable- Examples: bolts, screws, nuts, pins, rings keys
Standardization reduces the costs of fasteners

3 purposes
To hold parts together
To adjust
To transfer power

Screw Threads

Definition: a SCREW THREAD is a ridge of uniform section

in the form of a helix on the external or internal surface of a
cylinder
Definition: the PITCH of a thread P is the distance from a
point on the thread form to the corresponding point on the
next form, measured parallel to the axis
Definition: the LEAD L is the distance the threaded part
would move parallel to the axis during one complete
rotation in relation to a fixed mating part (the distance a
screw would enter a threaded hole in one turn)

THREADED FASTENERS

SCREW THREAD TERMS

THREADED FASTENERS

THREAD FORMS

THREADED FASTENERS

THREAD FORMS

Three types of thread

representation used on
working drawings

Simplified
Detailed
Schematic

Right- and Left-Hand threads

Threads are assumed to be right
hand unless otherwise designated
A bolt being threaded into a tapped
hole would be turned in a right-hand
(clockwise) direction

THREADED FASTENERS

RIGHT- AND LEFT-HAND THREADS

THREADED FASTENERS

LEAD = 1P

SINGLE THREAD

THREADED FASTENERS
LEAD = 2P

DOUBLE THREAD

THREADED FASTENERS
LEAD = 3P

TRIPLE THREAD

Inch Threads
Definition: PITCH =1/#threads per inch
Definition: THREAD SERIES are for
fasteners with different diameters and
the same #threads per inch
UNC Unified Course Thread Series
UNF Unified Fine Thread Series (Table
appendix)
UNEF extra fine thread series

THREADED FASTENERS

BASIC THREAD CALLOUT

Thread Class
1A,2A,3A External
1B,2B,3B Internal
1A,1B: loosest fit
2A,2B: ordinary good grade of
commercial product
3A,3B: High-grade commercial products
Example: .750-10 UNC-2A
class of fit
Nominal Diameter thread series

#threads/inch
(Diameter, #threads/inch, thread form & series,
class of fit)

THREADED FASTENERS

EXTERNAL THREADS

THREADED FASTENERS

BLIND HOLE

INTERNAL THREAD

Metric Threads

Definition: Pitch for metric threads is the distance between

corresponding points on adjacent teeth.
Course-thread is intended for general engineering work and
commercial applications
Fine-thread series is for general use. Compared with coarse, a
fine-thread screw is stronger in both tensile and torsional strength
Definition: the FIT of a screw thread is the amount of clearance
between the internal and external threads when they are
assembled
Tolerance grades: the larger the number, the larger the tolerance
Tolerance position e (large allowance)
Tolerance position g (small allowance)
Tolerance position h (no allowance)
For internal threads:
Tolerance position G (small allowance)
Tolerance position H (no allowance)

THREADED FASTENERS

BASIC THREAD CALLOUT

METRIC THREADS

ISO Metric Screw Thread

Designation
Nominal size (basic major diameter)
and pitch expressed in millimeters.
Example: M16 x 1.5 5g6g
Metric designation
grade

Nominal diameter Pitch

Tolerance position &

Example: M10 x 1.5 x 25

10mm
1.5 pitch
25 mm long
Example: M16 (pitch may be omitted for coarse threads)

Metric Threads continued

For external threads, the length of the thread
may be given as a dimension of the drawing.
For threaded holes that go all the way
through the part, the term THRU is
sometimes added
If no depth is given, the hole is assumed to
go THRU
For threaded holes that do not go all the way
thru, the depth is given in a note (minimum
depth of full thread) Ex. M12 x 1.75 x 20

Pipe Threads
Inch: 4-8NPT or 4 NPT
Metric: 4 IN. 8 NPT or 4 IN.-NPT
Nominal diameter and pipe thickness
specify inch-sized pipe (typical)

4=nominal diameter
8=number of threads/inch
N=American Standard
P=pipe
S=straight pipe thread
T=taper pipe thread