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Terimakasih.
Tri Jalmo
Program Studi Pend. Biologi FKIP
Unila
Tri Jalmo - BIO FKIP Unila
cilia movement
1
2
5
4
3
endoplasmic
reticulum
phagocytosis
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
subunits
exocytosis
food vacuole
digestive vacuole
phagocytosis of food
food vacuole and lysosome formation
lysosome + food vacuole = digestive vacuole
enzymatic digestion of food
absorption of subunits
exocytosis of waste
waste
Phylum Cnidaria
Digestive Systems
Types of digestive systems:
Open sac (gastrovascular cavity)
Phylum Cnidaria (jellyfish, sea anemone, Hydra)
Enzymes
secreted from
cells lining
cavity
Two-way
system (food
and waste
enter and
leave mouth)
No
specialization
Flagella
Hydrolytic
enzymes
Food
particle
Food
(Daphnia,
a water
flea)
Engulfment
Gastro- of food
vascular particle
cavity
Digestion in
food vacuole
Figure 21.3A
and
anus!
Phylum Platyhelminthes
15
Digestive Systems
Types of digestive systems:
One-way digestive systems
Phylum Annelida (earthworm)
Phylum Arthropoda (grasshopper, crayfish)
Phylum Chordata (frog)
Specialization
of digestive
tasks
Mollusca
Basic Organization
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Anus
Associated Structures
Pancreas
Liver
Gallbladder
Salivary glands
Contribute to small
intestinal digestion
29
Digestive Systems
Specialization in vertebrate digestive systems:
Gastrointestinal tract
Mouth and structures to grind or
break apart food
Mammals: teeth
Sharp, pointed canines to
tear flesh
Large, flat teeth to grind
plants
Birds: gizzard (swallow grit)
Saliva released in mouth -- moisten
food and releases salivary amylase
Food swallowed and passes through
pharynx to esophagus
For food
storage
31
32
33
34
FUNCTIONS
Pancreatic Juice
Clear, watery
juice
Enters
duodenum via
pancreatic duct
Aids in fat,
starch, and
protein
digestion
Contains
HCO3-
Trypsinogen
ProChymotrypsinogen
enzymes
Procarboxypeptidas
e
Amylase
Lipase
Nuclease
Activation of Pancreatic
Enzymes
Enterokinase
Secreted from crypts in duodenum
Trypsinogen
trypsin
Pancreas
Trypsinogen
Chymotrypsinogen
Procarboxypeptidase
Amylase
Lipase
Nuclease
Sucrase
Maltase
Lactase
Aminopeptidase
Dipeptidase
Enterokinase
Bile
Green, viscous liquid
Alkaline ph (neutralize acidic chyme)
Secreted by liver via bile duct to duodenum
Stored in gall bladder (except in horses)
Functions to emulsify fats
Composition
Bile salts (glycocholic and taurocholic acids)
Bile pigments (bilirubin and biliverdin)
Cholesterol
95% reabsorbed and returned to liver
NOT AN ENZYME
Goblet cell
Secretes mucus
Gerak segmental
1 ~ 5 cm
and cutting
Small Intestine
Food bolus
Relaxation
Contraction
Relaxation
Food bolus
Food bolus
Orad
caudad
Absorption
Absorption
64
Absorption
65
defecation