FOOD DIVERSITY

Nutrition Department FK USU

Food and
Nutrition

Human Resource

Food Habits FOOD

DIVERSITY

Concepts of Food Diversity

Free from starvation.

Chinese

Middle age

Cereals, nuts, meats, vegetables, fruits and taste

good.
Meats, milk, cereals, vegetables and fruits.

18th & 19th Century

Eat carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

20th Century

Balance meals are meats, milk,

vegetables, vegetabeles and fruits.

cereals,

root

History of
Food Science and Nutrition

eat variety of foods

Problems of Food Diversity

Number of populations.
Food policy ~ focus on rice production.
Food consumption ~ socio-economic and
culture.

 Food consumption ~ fishery and

animal husbandry.
Food security.
Low in food technology.

Aspects of Food Diversity

CONSUMPTION

economic

AVAIBILITY

PRODUCTION
enviroment

Target Groups of Food Diversity

Insufficient in energy
consumption.
Food imbalance.

Objects of Food Diversity

Sufficiency on total
energy.
Desirable dietary pattern.

Desirable Dietary Pattern

Food Diversity

Policy

4 sehat 5 sempurna

Indonesian Dietary Guidelines

(PUGS)

Strategics of Food Diversity

Food production.
Food technology.
Food distribution.
Food consumption.
Food education.
Research and development.

Food Diversity Programs

Farm utilization.
Food processing.
Nutrition education.
Workshop.

Aims of Food Diversity

General :
Decrease of food dependent.
Increase of food quality.

Spesific :

Increase
food
quality
and
nutrition.
Increase farm utilization.
Sharing information.
Give an advice to stakeholders.

Goal of Food Diversity

TRADITIONAL FOODS Gerakan Aku

Cinta Makanan Indonesia (ACMI)

Aspects of ACMI

Popularity ~ food safety and

nutrition.
Community responsible.
Stakeholders policy.

TRADITIONAL FOODS :

Food avaibility and stability.

Food affortability ~ price.

Food nutrition.

Food safety.

Food acceptability.

Food processing.

Food palatability.

Indonesian Traditional
Food
Tofu, tempeh

Soybean product

Have complete proteins with the

sufficient amounts of all the amino
acids
Have no cholesterol and very little of
the saturated fat
A good sources of food fiber

Gado-gado

Tofu
Soybean curd
Made from
curdled soybean
milk and pressed
into soft cake
Good sources of
protein and
calcium
Very perishable

Tempeh
Soybeans, mixed with rice,
millet or other grain then
fermented into a rich
soybean cake
A good protein and amino
acid, minerals, vitamins,
antibiotic, antioxidant and
lecithin sources
Prevent osteoporosis and
cancer

Gado-gado
Cooked vegetable salad
with a peanut sauces,
often seasoned with
chiles
Vitamins, minerals and
dietary fiber sources

Thank You

The Arabic Diet Pyramid

Fats, oils, sweets
(Eat sparingly daily)

Milks products
(2-3 servings daily)

Poultry, meats,
nuts, beans
(2-3 servings
daily)

Vegetables

Fruits

(3-5 servings daily)

(2-4 servings daily)

Breads, pasta, rice, couscous, polenta, bulgur, other

grains & potatoes
(6-11 servings daily)

The USDA Food Guide

Pyramid

Fats, oils & sweets

(Use sparingly)

Milk, yogurt & cheese

group
(2-3 servings)

Meats, poultry,
fish, dry beans,
eggs & nuts groups
(2-3 servings)

Vegetable group

Fruit group

(3-5 servings)

(2-4 servings)

Breads, cereal, rice & pasta group

(6-11 servings)

The Traditional
Healthy Latin
America Diet
Pyramid

Weekly

Meat, sweets
& eggs

Fish &
shellfish

Plant oils
daily

Daily
Poultry
At every
meal

Whole grains, tubers,

Fruits

beans & nuts

Vegetables
Daily Physical Activity

The Traditional
Healthy Vegetarian
Diet Pyramid

Weekly

Eggs & sweets

Egg whites,
soy milk &
dairy

Nuts & seeds

Daily
Plant oils

At every
meal

Whole grains
Fruits &
vegetables

Legumes & beans

Daily Physical Activity

Meat

The Traditional
Healthy Mediteranean
Diet Pyramid

Monthly

Sweets
Eggs

Weekly

Poultry
Fish
Cheese & Yogurt
Olive oil

Daily
Fruits

Beans, legumes
& nuts

Vegatables

Bread, pasta, rice, couscous, polenta, other

whole grains & potatoes
Daily Physical Activity

Meat

The Traditional
Healthy Asian Diet
Pyramid

Monthly

Sweets
Eggs &
poultry
Fish & shellfish or dairy

Weekly
Optional daily

Vegetables oil
Daily
Fruits

Legumes, seeds
& nuts

Vegatables

Rice, noodles, bread, millet, corn & other whole grains

Daily Physical Activity