Oral Presentation

On

Coriolis Mass Flowmeter

Presented by
Ajay Chaubey
Ph.D Interview
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Shiv Nadar University GB Nagar, India
May, 2016
5/13/16

Contents
Coriolis Flow Meter
Theory of Operation
Viscosity

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Coriolis Flowmeter Technology

Direct mass measurement is insensitive to fluid properties such as:
Temperature
22 C (40F) Change
Pressure
1027L
1000L
Density
The same amount of fluid (1 Tonne) looks
like 2.7% (~$18) difference with volumetric
measurement

$54,000 difference on a 3000

Tonne bunker

1 Tonne
$654

Bunkers sold on mass but measured by inferred volume

3
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Source: Bunkerworld, April 28th

Page 3

1 Tonne.
$654

Theory of Operation

The Coriolis effect is an inertia force.

In 1835, Gustave-Gaspard de Coriolis showed that this inertia force must be taken
into consideration if the simple Newtons Law of Motion of bodies are to be used in
a rotating frame of reference.

Gasparde de Coriolis

Coriolis Effect: The original path is deflected westward

by the rotation of the planet

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Typical Components of a Coriolis Meter

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Theory of Operation Mass Flow

In a Coriolis meter, the inertial force is provided by
vibrating the flow tubes. The tube twist or angle of
deflection from the vibration plane is measured
and converted into a mass flow measurement.

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Theory of Operation Mass Flow

Process fluid enters the sensor and flow is split with half the flow through each tube. The
sensor flow tubes are vibrated in opposition to each other by energizing a drive coil. Tubes
are oscillated at their natural frequency .

Magnet and coil assemblies, called pick-offs, are mounted on the flow tubes. As each coil
moves through the uniform magnetic field of the adjacent magnet it creates a voltage in the
form of a sine wave.

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Theory of Operation Mass Flow

During a no flow condition, there is no Coriolis effect and the sine waves are in phase with
each other.
When fluid is moving through the sensor's tubes, Coriolis forces are induced causing the
flow tubes to twist in opposition to each other. The time difference between the sine waves
is measured and is called Delta-T which is directly proportional to the mass flow rate.

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Theory of Operation Mass Flow

The Flow Calibration Factor consists of 10 characters, including two decimal

points.
The first five digits are the flow calibration factor. This calibration factor, multiplied
by a given Delta-T, yields mass flow rate in grams/sec.
The last three digits are a temperature coefficient for the sensor tube material. This
coefficient compensates for the effect of temperature on tube rigidity (% change in
rigidity per 100C).

Three wire platinum RTD measures tube

temperature on inlet side of sensor

Applies to liquid and gas,

and is linear throughout
the entire range of the
meter

Accurate to +/- 1.0oC

Available as additional process variable

RTD

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Theory of Operation - Density

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Theory of Operation -Temperature

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Coriolis Multi-Variable Capability

Three process variables measured independently
Direct Mass
Flow

On-Line
Density

Temperature

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Coriolis Technology
Multi-Variable Measurement Capability

Density-dependant variables are also available as either;

Standard Curves (Brix, API, HFCS, etc)
Customer-specific Curves (% Mass, % Volume, Alcohol, etc)

Mass Flow

Density

Temperature

Volume Flow
Specific
Gravity

% Solids
By Volume
% Solids
By Mass

Temperature

Mass Flow
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Net Solids

Theory of Operation - Volume

Volumetric Flow is a calculated variable.
Volume Flow

Mass Flow
Density

Volume can be referenced to standard temperature using the

temperature input.
Coriolis meters are preferred for volume measurements.
Low pressure drop
Wide turndown
High accuracy
High degree of linearity
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Coriolis Sensor Geometries

All Geometries are not created equal
Design trade-offs are made for such things as;

Flow sensitivity & turndown

Density accuracy
Fluid S.G. range (gas/liquid)
Materials of construction
Temperature effects
Drainability and Cleanability
Pressure limits

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Why Coriolis Volume Measurement

Coriolis meters are unaffected by flow profiles,

and provide higher turndown than a typical
velocity-based volumetric meters
Orifice plate, Vortex
or Turbine

Flow conditioner

42 D

No straight run

6D

No Reynolds # Limits
No parts to wear out
Limits leak points/fugitive emissions
Lower life cycle costs
Low installed costs

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Marine Industry Applications

Fuel Bunkering
Engine Fuel Control
Fuel Viscosity
Navy Supply
Platform

Pleasure Cruise
Cargo Ship

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Reference
1.

J.D.Titlow.A fluidelastic Analysis of Coriolis Mass Flowmeters. In preparation,1993

2.

H.Raszilliers and F.Durst.Coriolis-Effect in Mass Flow Metering Archive of Applied

Mechnaics,61(3):192-214,1991
J.D.Titlow ,D.S.McCollum, P.Aranuchalam, and B.Bruck.Vibrating Tube Densimeter
.Patent Applied for October 1992

3.

4.

Rajput AK, Sharma Satish C, Shukla M, Roy S. A parametric study of S- tube Coriolis
mass flow meter, Sensors & Transducers, Vol.142, Issue 7, 2012, pp-118-129.

5.

Rajput AK, Sharma Satish C. Stability of a Constant Flow Valve Compensated

Multirecess Conical Hybrid Journal Bearing Operating with Micropolar Lubricant ITS
2013, Lulea university of Technology, Lulea, Sweden, 19-21 march 2013.

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Cont..

Cont..

6.

7.

8.

Rajput AK, Sharma Satish C. A parametric study of S Shape Coriolis Mass flow
meter, Proc. Of 1st International conference for Materials and Applications for
Sensors and Transducers (ICMAST-2011) KosIsland, Greece during May 1317, 2011.
Rajput AK, Sharma Satish C. An experimental study of S Shape (copper)
Coriolis Mass flow Sensor, Proc. Of 5th International conference on Advances in
mechanical engineering (ICAME-2011) SVNIT, Surat , Gujrat (India) during June
06-08, 2011.
Rajput AK, Sharma Satish C. A Study of Orifice Compensated 4-Pocket Conical
Hydrostatic Journal Bearing operating with Micropolar Lubricant, International
Conference on Industrial Tribology (ICIT-2012), Pune, India. TSI-812572

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Cont..

Thanking You