Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
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PSYCHIATRIC
DISORDERS
CLASSIFICATION:
PURPOSE:
COMMUNICATION:
Enables users to communicate with each other
about the disorders with which they deal
PURPOSE:
CONTROL:
Knowledge of the course of disorder
PURPOSE:
COMPREHENSION:
Should provide comprehension or understanding of
the causes of mental disorder and the processes
involved in their development and maintenance
GOOD CLASSIFICATION:
Ease of use.
HISTORY:
HISTORY:
HISTORY:
HISTORY:
HISTORY:
HISTORY:
HISTORY:
HISTORY:
Hagop S Akiskal and William McKinney :
despite the advances in the understanding of mental
disorders in the past 50 years, the major categories
of mental disorders in the standard classification
systems are based primarily on the concepts of
Kraeplin and Bleuler organic mental disorders,
affective disorders and schizophrenia and Freud
neuroses and personality disorders
HISTORY OF OFFICIAL
CLASSIFICATIONS
1840 US census
Idiocy (insanity)
1880 US census
Mania
Melancholia
Monomania
Paresis
Dementia
Dipsomania
Epilepsy
Mania
Melancholia
Periodical insanity
Progressive systematic insanity
Dementia
Organic and senile dementia
General paresis
Insane neurosis
Toxic insanity
Moral and impulsive insanity
Idiocy etc
MODERN HISTORY OF
CLASSIFICATION
MODERN HISTORY OF
CLASSIFICATION
DSM-III
DSM-III
MULTIAXIAL DIAGNOSIS
DSM IV
Goals:
To update and correct the information in the text
Dissociative disorders
Sexual and gender identity disorders
Eating disorders
Sleep disorders
Impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified
Adjustment disorders
Personality disorders
Other conditions that may be focus of clinical
attention
Appendix diagnoses: proposed criteria for 20 specific
disorders that were not included in the official
classification but are included so that research can
be conducted on their reliability, validity and
potential clinical utility
Multiple disorders:
Principal diagnosis in DSM IV TR reason for clinical
services
Disorder severity:
After full criteria for disorder are met, severity ratings
based on number and intensity of symptoms and
impairment in socio occupational functioning can be
used.
Eg: mental retardation, major depression
Remission status:
Symptoms of disorder present but full criteria not
met partial remission
No symptoms present full remission
Specific guidelines for this only in manic and major
depressive episodes and substance dependence
Eg. Symptom free interval of 2 months for depression
and mania but 1 month for substance dependence
Diagnostic uncertainty:
Diagnosis can be deferred
Specific diagnosis can be rendered and identified as
provisional
When some information is available , not enough to
diagnose a specific disorder but enough to know
which class of disorder is present, then diagnosis is
not otherwise specified
CRITICISM:
DIMENSIONAL VS CATEGORICAL:
ICD 10
CHARACTERISTICS OF ICD:
ICD 10
DSM IV
Origin
International (WHO)
American
Psychiatric
Association
Comprehensiveness
Comprehensive
classification of all
diseases and related
health problems
Stand-alone
classification of
mental disorders
Presentation
A single document
Languages
English version
Structure
Multiaxial
Used in
Designed, at
least in the first
instance, for
use by
American
health
professionals
Worldwide
usage
Most frequently
used in
research work
Content
Diagnostic
criteria usually
include
significant
impairment in
social functions
OTHER CLASSIFICATIONS
OTHER CLASSIFICATIONS
Schizophrenia: deletion
Absexual
Complex PTSD
Depressive personality disorder
Negativistic personality disorder
Relational disorder
Sluggish cognitive tempo
Binge eating
ICD-11 2014
Beta draft with proposed changes coming out in
May 2012 on the website
potentialharmonization of the corresponding
category sections forDSM-5(Somatic Symptom
Disorders)and ICD-11(Somatoform Disorders).
CONCLUSION
THANK YOU