Blues Treasure Hunt

on Midline Theorem
STATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
MATHEMATICS 9

Jericka Mae E. Valdrez

Steve gave me this treasure

map and he let me find the
treasure. He instructed me that
in every place, there will be a
figure wherein I need to find the
measurement of either the
base or the midline for me to
move to the next destination.
Please help me as we get
through.

PARALLEL
From Greek: para allelois "beside one another
Lines are parallel if they lie in the same plane, and are
the same distance apart over their entire length

The Arrows R

To show that lines are parallel, we draw small arrow marks

on them. In the figure below, note the arrows on the lines
PQ and RS. This shows that these lines are parallel. If the
diagram has another set of parallel lines they would have
two arrows each, and so on.

Shorthand Notation
When we write about parallel lines there is a shorthand
we can use.
We can write
which is read as "the line segment PQ is parallel to the
segment RS".
Recall that the horizontal bar over the letters indicates it
is aline segment.

Before we learn to
determine
the
measures of the
midline
of
the
objects by applying
the
midline
theorem, we must
first
know
the
definition
of
parallel
lines,
midpoints
and
midline or the midsegment

Before we learn to
determine
the
measures of the
midline
of
the
objects
by
applying
the
midline theorem,
we
must
first
know
the
definition
of
parallel
lines,
midpoints
and
midline or the
mid-segment

Ingeometry, themidpointis the

middlepointof aline segment. It
isequidistantfrom both endpoints, and it is
thecentroidboth of the segment and of the
endpoints. Itbisectsthe segment.
midpoin
t

Themid-segmentof a polygon (also

called a midline) is a segment joining
the midpoints of two sides of a
polygon.

MIDLINE THEOREM ON TRIANGLES

Definition:
Themid-segmentof a triangle (also called a
midline) is a segment joining the midpoints of
two sides of a triangle.
Properties
: Themid-segmentof a triangle joins the midpoints of two sides of a
1.
triangle such that it isparallel to the third sideof the triangle.

2. Themid-segmentof a triangle joins the midpoints of two sides of a

triangle such that its length ishalf the length of the third sideof
the triangle.

MIDLINE THEOREM ON TRIANGLES

Exampl
es:
1. GivenDEis the length of the midsegment. FindAB. Solution:
The mid-segment is half of the third
side.
7 is half of 14.
AB= 14.
2. GivenDE, DF,andFEare the lengths of mid-segments.Find the
Here are some
perimeter of triangleABC.
examples of
Solution:
The mid-segment is half of problems applying
the midline
the third side.
theorem on
6 is half of 12 soAC= 12
triangles
7 is half of 14 soCB= 14
8 is half of 16 soAB= 16
The perimeter of the large
triangleABCis:
12 + 14 + 16 =42.

Let us find now

the treasure

We must go first at
the playground.
Particularly to the
swing area and
sand box area.

EXERCISE 1.1
Find the missing length indicated.

2) Find
AC

1) Find CD

MIDLINE THEOREM ON TRAPEZOIDS

The mid-line of a trapezoid is parallel to its bases.
The length of the mid-line of a trapezoid is half of the sum of the
lengths of its bases.
Proof:
Let ABCD be a trapezoid with the bases AB and DC and the mid-line
EF
(Figure 1). Let us draw the straight line DF through the points D
and
F
till the intersection with the extension of the straight line AB at the
point
G (Figure 2). Compare the triangles DFC and FBG.

Figure 1. Trapezoid and its mid-line

Figure 2.To the proof of theTheorem

MIDLINE THEOREM ON TRAPEZOIDS

Figure 2. To the proof of theTheorem

The segments FC and BF are congruent since the point F is the
midpoint
of the side BC. The angles DFC and BFGare congruent as the
vertical angles.
The angles DCF and FBGare congruent as the alternate exterior
angles
at the parallel lines AB and DC and the transverse BC.
Hence, the triangles DFC and FBGare congruent in accordance
with the ASA-test of congruency of triangles.
It implies that the segments DF and GF are congruent as the
corresponding sides of the congruent triangles DFC and FBG.

MIDLINE THEOREM ON TRAPEZOIDS

Figure 2. To the proof of theTheorem

It is well known fact that the straight line segment connecting the
midpoints of the triangle AGD is parallel to the triangle base AG
and its length is half of the length of the triangle base.
In our case, the length of the segment EF is half of the length
AG:
|EF| = |AG| = (|AB| + |BG|).
Since |BG| = |DC| from the triangles congruency, we have
EF| = (|AB| + |DC|), or |EF| = (a + d), where a and d are the
lengths of the trapezoid bases.
Thus the proof of the Theorem 1 is fully completed.

MIDLINE THEOREM ON TRAPEZOIDS

Example
:FindAB.

Solution:
Here is an example
of problem
applying the
midline theorem on
trapezoids

We are going now

to the Patio area,
to the tree and
lastly to the bush
for us to go where
the treasure is.

EXERCISE 1.2
Find the missing length indicated.

1) Find
WV

2) Find
DG

3) Find VY

We found the treasure! Thank you for helping

me.

ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE 1.1
1. Find CD
Solution:
The mid-segment is half of the third side.
8 is half of 16
CD = 8
2. Find AC
Solution:
The mid-segment is half of the third side.
4 is half of 8.
AC = 8

``

ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE 1.2
1. Find WV

Solution:
The median is half the sum of the bases.