Ms. Susan M.

Pojer
Horace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NY

The Changing Role of

the Artist

Giorgio Vasaris Lives of

the Artists, 1568.
He believed that the
artist was no longer just a
member of a crafts guild.
The artist was an equal in
the courts of Europe
with scholars, poets,
and humanists.
Therefore, the artist should
be recognized and rewarded for his unique
artistic technique [maneria].

Background
Late Renaissance [Pre-Baroque].
Art was at an impasse after the perfection
and harmony of the Renaissance.
Antithetical to the principles of the High
Renaissance.
From the Italian de maneria.
A work of art done in the artists
characteristic touch or recognizable
manner.
First used by the German art historian,
Heinrich Wlfflin in the early 20c.
Influenced by Michelangelos later works.

Michelange
los
Last
Judgment
(Sistine
Chapel)

Michelangelos Last
Judgment
(Sistine Chapel left side)

Michelangelos Last
Judgment
(Sistine Chapel right side)

1. Replace
Harmony
With
Dissonance
Susanna & the
&Elders
Discord
Alessandro Allori
Twisted bodies
or weight shift
[contrapposto]

2. Replace Reason with

Emotion

Piet by Rosso Fiorentino

1530-1540

 Piet by El Greco
1587-1597

3. Replace
Reality
with
The Mystic
Marriage of St.
Catherine

Imaginatio
n
Parmigianino
1525-1527

 Charity
Andrea del Sarto
1518
An allegory of
the French royal
family.

4. Create Instability
Instead of
Equilibrium
The Rape
of Helene
Francesco
Primaticcio
1530-1539

5. Bodies
Are
Christ in Agony on
the Cross

Distorted
El Greco
1600s.

An attempt to
express the
religious tensions of
the times.

 Adoration of the
Name of Jesus
El Greco
1578-1580.

 Adoration of the
Name of Jesus
(details)
Philip II of Spain
El Greco
1578-1580

 The Baptism
of Christ
El Greco
1608-1628.

 Portrait of a
Cardinal
El Greco
1600

 St. Jerome by El Greco

1587-1597

6. Colors
are
Lurid
The
Tempest
Giorgione
1510

 The Calling
of St.
Matthew
Caravaggio

 The View
from Toledo
El Greco
1597

7. Pictoral
Space
is
Madonna with
Crowded

the Long Neck

Parmagianino
1534-1540

 Joseph in
Egypt
Jacomo
Pontormo

 The Last Supper

Tintoretto
1594

8. A Void in the Center

Bacchus &
Ariadne

Titian
1522-1523

 Pastoral
Concert
Giorgione
1508-1510

9. Hanging Figures
The
Annunciation
Jacopo
Tintoretto
1583-1587

 Moses
Drawing Water
form the Rock
Jacopo
Tintoretto
1577

Characteristics of Mannerist
Architecture

Stylishness in design could be applied to a

building as well as to a painting.

Showed extensive knowledge of Roman

architectural style.

Complex, out of step style taking liberties

with classical architecture.

Architecture, sculpture, and walled gardens

were seen as a complex, but not necessary
unified whole.

 Villa Capra
[or Villa
Rotunda]
By Andrea
Palladio
1566-1571
Palladian architectural style [popular in England]

 Entrance to
the Villa
Farnese at
Caprarola
By Giacomo
Vignola
1560

 Giacomo da
Vignola
Wrote The Rule
of the Five
Orders of
Architecture
1563
Became a key
reference work
for architects.

The Fontainebleau
School

French Mannerism flourished from

1531 to the
early 17c.
Characteristics:

Extensive use of stucco in moldings &

picture frames.
Frescoes.
An elaborate [often mysterious]
system of allegories and mythical
iconography.
Centered around the Royal Chateau of
Fontainebleau.

The Royal Chateau at

Fontainebleau

Gallery [right] by Rosso

Fiorentino & Francesco
Primaticcio
1528-1537

Jean Goujon

Nymph & Putto,

1547-1549

Nymph,
1548-1549

Germain
Pilon

Caryatids
1550s