CUCUMBER

AGR302 SECONDARY CROP (VAGETABLES)

INTRODUCTION
Cucumbersare a warm-season vegetable planted
outside in the ground.
Scientific classification
Scientific name : Cucumis sativus
Kingdom

: Plantae

Order : Cucurbitales
Family : Cucurbitaceae
Varieties : Burplass, Hikari, Progress, Commander,
Giant climbing, pixie, Mti 1,tangkak,Simpang Pulai

CLIMATE AND SOIL REQUIREMENT

1. Suitable climate
Tropical
Temperature: 28-29C
2. Suitable soil
Sandy loam with good drainage systems
High organic matter content
3. pH
5.5 6.5

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
1. Appear for local consumption.
2. Appear as exportation purpose.
3. Medical purpose
4. More nutrient

PROPAGATION
NURSERY TECHNIQUES
Seed taken from healthy and vigorous plant.
Good germination rate.
Sowing in nursery or directly onto planting bed
Seed should be soaked in water for 4-5 hours.
Fully ripe fruits is brown in color (77 99 days
after planting)

FIELD PLANTING
The seedling can be transplanted at 4 5 days
after sowing, if the seed are rise in the nursery.
Planting distance : 50 cm x 60cm (18,000
plants/ha)
Average yield 10 fruits per plants which give
about 15,000 35,000kg/ha/harvest.
Need to support with wooden poles or extended
wire support.

Fertilizer
Days

Details

20 days after
sowing

400 kg/ha NPK 15:15:15

40 days after
sowing

400 kg/ha NPK 12:12:17:2+TE

GENERAL MAINTENANCE
1. Water plants weekly.
The cucumber fruit is composed of quite a bit of moisture
and needs sample water supply to properly grow.

2. Keep beds well weeded.

Weeds compete with the plants for valuable nutrition.

3. Applying mulch around the plants.

It will help keep weeds at a minimum while helping to
maintain moisture levels.

4. Avoid wetting the leaves when possible.

Water the roots of the plant instead.

Pruning
Reason why must pruning cucumber.
1. To avoid disease.
2. Improving and maintaining health.
3. To increase the yield or quality of fruits.
4. Encourage plant growth.

Disease of Cucumber

Cucumber mosaic

Symptom of Downy mildew

Pest of Cucumber
Pest
Cucumber Bettle
(Diabrotica
undecimpunctata)

Fruit fly
(Bactrocera
cucurbitae)

Symptom
Stunted seedling
Damaged leaves,
stems and/or
petioles
Reduced plant
stand.

Eggs deposited into

fruit.
Young fruit stunned
and distorted.
Aphids (Peach aphid, Leaves to yellow
Melon aphid)
and/or distorted
Necrotic spots on
(Myzus persicae)
(Aphis gossypii)
leaves and/or
stunted shoots

Control
Monitor new planting
regularly
Use floating row covers
Gamma BHC or
Trichlorphon, Carbaryl or
Dimethoate
Sanitation
Destroy infected fruits
Chemical spray of
Trichrophon.
Infestation can be
pruned out to provide
control.
Check transplants for
aphids before planting.
Use tolerant varieties.

Pest
1. Cucumber Bettle
(Diabrotica undecimpunctata)

Pest
2. Aphids (Melon aphid)
Aphis gossypii

Cont. . .
3. Cucumber Fruit fly (Bactrocera cucumis)

HARVESTING
Flowering 3-4 weeks after planting
Harvest 5 weeks after sowing (length of fruit is 15-2cm, dark green, smooth skin and shiny)
Harvesting period 1 month at 2-3 days interval
Average yield : 10 fruits/plant @ 15,000-35,000
kg/ha/harvest

Harvesting Index
Young Cucumber
Cucumber do not
achieve the maturity
level

INDEX 1
Stripe green mix with
pale green in colour

Matured cucumber
Cucumber have achieve
the maturity level

Index 2
Stripe green colour covered
overall of fruit and mix with
white in colour.

Over Ripe Cucumber

Cucumber was over the
maturity level where seed
become hard and contain a
lot of fiber.

Index 3
Yellowish green of colour.

Grading and Size

Green White
Cucumber

Milky Cucumber

Preparation for Market

Cleanin
g

Grading
Waxing

Packing

Sent
into
market.

Cont. . .
Stage

Description

Cleaning

Removed all the soil and surface stain.

The surface is rubbed clean by hand or with a
soft brush.
Dry the cucumber before sorting and grading.

Grading

Based on size, evenness of shape, firmness,

and skin colour
High quality(Straight, green, diameter greater
than 5.7 cm (2.25 in) and length greater than
15 cm (6 in)

Waxing

Slow water loss, and improve appearance.

Packing

Must strong, well-ventilated containers.

Wooden or durable plastic containers that can
be stacked without collapsing are appropriate
for the domestic market.

AGRO INDUSTRY
Some of industry involved in agriculture (Cucumber) :1.
2.
3.

Ministry of agriculture and agro based industry Malaysia

Indian of Jeevan Agro industry.
Dezdasht Agroindustry Cucumber Iran.

Product

Cucumber
Financial Mask

Cucumber Soup