Faculty of

Engineering
Technology And
Research

Chemical Engineering

Mechanical operation
Internal screw mixture
Prepared By
SR.
NO

STUDENTS NAME

PEN

PRAJAPATI KETAN

130840105042

PRASAD OMPRAKASH

130840105043

Guided by
Prof. K.V.V.
Prof.J.S.Pat
el.

Content
Introduction
Construction
Working
Salient Features
Industrial Applications

Introduction
One of the most versatile batch mixers, the

conical screw mixer also called a vertical orbiting

screw mixer or a nauta mixer, is often designed
to handle other tasks as it mixes.
The mixer can handle either all dry ingredients,
such as powders, or dry plus liquid ingredients,
such as slurries and pastes.
Though a batch mixer typically handles smaller
quantities than a continuous mixer, a conical
screw mixer can be designed to handle more
than 2 tons or 600 cubic feet of material.

Even

with such a large

capacity, its manual feeding
method
permits
highly
accurate ingredient and
additive proportioning.
For
instance,
in
one
application, a powdered
soup
mix
manufacturer
uses a conical screw mixers
to mix 2-ton batches of
recipes with up to 30
ingredients, some added in
quantities as small as 1.5
ounces.

Construction
A conical screw mixers vessel is shaped like an

inverted cone the material inlet is at the vessels top

and the material outlet is at the bottom.
A drive motor on top of the vessel is linked to an
orbital arm inside the vessels top.
A screw is mounted below the orbital arm, forming a
cantilevered screw (as shown in the figure), which
allows near-complete discharge of the vessel
contents.
For more drive power when handling large batches or
viscous materials, the screw can also be supported at
the bottom.

Working
Conicalscrew

mixers use a rotating screw that

progresses around the periphery of a conical hopper.
The screw lifts solids from the bottom of the hopper to
the top, where the mixture flows by gravity back into
the screw.
Mixing occurs around the open screw, where the solids
transported by the screw exit at various levels and are
replaced by other solids at that level.
The screws shearing action also intimately mixes the
various components. Gross mixing action occurs within
the mixture by the velocity profile created in the
conical hopper as it feeds the screw.

With

conical
screw
mixers, this gross mixing
action is most effective
when the solids move
along the conical hopper
walls.
In operation, material is
loaded into the mixer and
the drive motor moves
the orbiting arm and, in
turn, the screw, around
the vessels inner wall.

As the screw orbits the vessel, the screw rotates, directing the

material upward. Several factors contribute to the mixing

effectiveness:
1. The screws orbital movement continuously exchanges
particles those captured by the screws flights and those
outside the flights over the screws full length.
2. The clearance between the wall and the screw prevents the
material from simply being rotated at the same speed as the
screw and conveyed up the vessel wall.
3. The vessels conical shape causes the material outside the
screw flights to sink by gravity and mix with the material
directed upward the flights.
.As a result, the conical screw mixer gently produces a high
degree of mixing that can be maintained for long periods
without segregating the material, even when the vessel is
only partially filled. After mixing is completed, the material is
discharged.

Screw variations
The conical screw mixer can be equipped with different

screw arrangements for various applications. For instance,

a high-speed rotor fitted between twin screws (Figure 2a)
provides extra kinetic energy for efficient high-speed
mixing. This arrangement is well suited to mixing fat into
dry materials, homogenizing pasty materials, dispersing
liquids in dry solids, dispersing pigments and colorants
into a base material, and de-agglomerating materials.
A satellite screw (Figure 2b) arrangement includes a
second screw that orbits opposite the standard screw,
reducing mixing times. This arrangement is well suited to
mixing materials that are likely to segregate, such as
those with varying bulk densities or particle sizes or both.

A tapered screw (Figure 2c) has wider flights at the top

than the bottom; the screw requires more power but

reduces mixing time so much that a smaller mixer vessel
can be used, which increases material throughput per
hour while requiring less floor space. The screw is wellsuited to handling materials with very low internal friction.

Features

Industrial Application
Adhesives , Agricultural feed supplements , Bakery

premixers
Baby powder , Bake lining compounds , Colored
cement mixes
Cleaning compound , Cosmetic creams , Detergents
Drying of plastics resins , Chocolate drink mixes
Fertilizers , Glass ingredients , Insulation material
Plastisol , Homogenization of Phenolic resins
Pet food , spices , Textile softeners , Toothpaste
Pharmaceuticals , Processed Cheeses

References
Warren L. McCabe ,Julian C. Smith , Peter

Harriott , Unit Operation of Chemical

Engineering , McGraw Hill Education , 7th
Edition
K a Gavhane , Unit operation , Nirali
Prakashan

THANK YOU