Cell Organelles and their

Functions
By: Vince Jayson V. Yabo

What is a Cell?
Structural, functional and biological unit of all
organisms
Membrane-bound structure containing
biomolecules such as
Proteins,
Nucleotides, and
Polysaccharides

Smallest unit of life that can replicate

independently

What is a Cell Organelle?

aspecializedpartofacell;
analogoustoanorgan;
"thefirstorganelletobeidentifiedwasth
e
nucleus"

Different Cell Organelles

These are the different cell organelles:
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Lysosome

Different Cell Organelles

Chloroplast
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cytoplasm
Nuclear membrane

Different Cell Organelles

Cell membrane
Cell wall
Ribosomes
Golgi Apparatus
Peroxisomes

Nucleus
Control center of the cell
Contains the Cells Genetic
Information in the form of
genes
Control cell activities

Nucleolus
Takes up about 25% of the
Nucleus volume
Rewrites the ribosomal RNA
and combines it with proteins
Assembles ribosomes

Mitochondria
Production of energy by synthesis
of ATP
Processing and storage of calcium
ions
Apoptosis, the process of
programmed cell death
Regulation of cellular metabolism
Synthesis of certain steroids

Vacuole
Can only be found in plant
cells
Stores food, water and
wastes
Regulates turgur pressure in
the cell
Helps increase cell size
during cell growth

Lysosome
Breaks down larger food
molecule into smaller ones
Digests old cell parts
Main site for intracellular
digestion
Enables cells to make use of
the nutrients

Chloroplast
Uses the energy from the sun
to make food for the plant
The main site for
photosynthesis within plant
cells

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Responsible for assembly of
proteins in the cell
Produces polypeptides and
proteins

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Make cellular products like
hormones and lipids

Cytoplasm
Jelly-like fluid that fills the cell
Supports/protects cell
organelles
Holds cell organelle in place
Stores molecules for cellular
processes

Nuclear Membrane
Controls movement of
materials in/out of the
nucleus
Surrounds the nucleus

Cell Membrane
Support and protection
Controls movement of
materials in/out of the cell
Barrier between cell and its
environment
Maintains homeostasis

Cell Wall

Support and protection for

plant cells
Allows HO, CO and O to pass
through in/out of the cell

Ribosome
Interprets cellular information
from the nucleus
Synthesizes proteins

Golgi Apparatus
Modifies, sorts and packages
proteins for secretion
Transports lipids around the
cell
Involves in the creation of
lysosomes

Peroxisomes
Breaks down very long chains
of fatty acids in the cell

End