Study & Design of

Micro-strip Patch
Antenna
PRESENTED BY :Diptajit Biswas(EC/08/50)
Amit Samanta (EC/08/49)
Saikat Mandal(EC/08/66)
Under the kind guidance of ,
Mr. Asim Biswas

Introduction
O Need of Antenna

O Progress

of
Communication
system

AIM

&

OBJECTIVES

O To study Micro-strip Patch Antenna.

O To design and implement this

antenna using the software HFSS, v

11.0 .

How does an antenna work ?

Antenna

is one type of
transducer that converts the
electrical energy into the
electro-magnetic energy in
form of electromagnetic waves.

Antennas

are required
by any radio receiver or
transmitter to couple its
electrical connection to
the
electromagnetic
field.

Antenna characteristics :Power gain

Directivity
Antenna

radiation patterns
Polarization

Overview of microstrip Antenna

O Developed after revolution in

Electronic Circuit Miniaturization & LSI

in 1970.
O Used on rockets & missiles previously.
O Designers choice.

Micro-strip Patch Antenna

What is Micro-strip Antenna ?

A Micro-strip patch antenna

consists of a radiating patch
on one side of a dielectric
substrate which has a ground
plane on the other side.

Invented by Bob Munson

in 1972 (but earlier work
by Dechamps goes back
to1953).

Different Parameters of Microstrip Antenna

OL = Length of the Micro-

strip Patch Element

OW = Width of the Micro-

strip Patch Element

Ot= Thickness of Patch

Oh = Height of the Dielectric

Substrate.

Basic Principles of Operation

The patch acts approximately

as a resonant cavity (short

circuit walls on top and
bottom, open-circuit walls on
the sides).
In a cavity, only certain
modes are allowed to exist, at
different resonant frequencies.
If the antenna is excited at a
resonant frequency, a strong
field is set up inside the
cavity, and a strong current on
the (bottom) surface of the
patch. This produces
significant radiation (a good
antenna).

Different Shapes of Micro-strip Patch

Elements

Advantages of Micro-strip Patch

Antenna
Light weight and low volume.
Low profile planar configuration which can be easily made

conformal to host surface.

Low fabrication cost, hence can be manufactured in large
quantities.
Supports both, linear as well as circular polarization.
Can be easily integrated with microwave integrated circuits
(MICs).
Capable of dual and triple frequency operations.
Mechanically robust when mounted on rigid surfaces.

Disadvantages:Narrow bandwidth
Low efficiency
Low Gain
Extraneous radiation from feeds and junctions
Poor end fire radiator except tapered slot antennas
Low power handling capacity.
Surface wave excitation.

Feed Techniques:Micro-strip antenna can be feed by variety of

methods. This methods can be classified into
two categories-contacting and non-contacting.
The foremost popular feed techniques used
are :-

O Micro-strip line.
O Co-axial probe
O Aperture coupling
O Proximity coupling

Software used to design Micro-strip

Patch Antenna
OHFSS is commercial finite element
Omethod solver for electromagnetic
OStructures.from Anasys Corp.
OHFSS stands for High Frequency
OStructural Simulator. It is one of

the
OSeveral commercial tools used for
Oantenna design . It was developed
Oby Prof. Zontal Cendes and his
Ostudents at Carnegie Mellon Univ.
Oin the year 1989.

The Design Specifications: Dielectric constant(r)=

2.2 r 12.
Frequency (fr) = 1.85 to
1.90 GHz
Height (h) = 0.003
oh0.05 o
Velocity of light (c) =
310^8 ms-1 .
Practical width (W) = W<
o , , where o is the freespace wavelength
Practical Length (L) =
0.3333o< L < 0.5 o

Calculation of Parameters:-

c= 3.8 x 10^8 m/sec

r =11.9
fo= 1.85 GHz
Therefore,
W=31.9 mm

r =11.9
h = 1.59 mm
W= 31.9 mm
Therefore ,
is euqal to 10.7611

r =11.9
h=1.59 mm
W = 31.9 mm
Therefore ,
The value of

is 6.72x10-1 mm

fo= 1.85 GHz

= 10.7611
c= 3x108 m/sec
therefore , the value of
mm.

is 24.7 mm & value of L will be 23.36

PATCH ANTENNA
COVERED BY AIRBOX

WAVE PORT

DETERMINATION OF CENTER
FREQUENCY USING S-PARAMETER:-

VSWR PLOT OF
MICROSTRIP ANTENNA

PERFECT E ASSIGNED
TO SUBSTRATE

PERFECT E ASSIGNED
TO PATCH

APPLICATIONS

The use of micro-strip

antennas for integrated
phased array systems.
Used in GPS (Sat.
Navigational
System)
technology.
Mobile
satellite
communications,
the
Direct Broadcast Satellite
(DBS) system & remote
sensing.
Non-satellite
based
applications- such as
medical hyperthermia.

CONCLUSION
OThe design of patch antenna

using ANSOFT HFSS Software

has been shown here. Our
project on Design of Microstrip
Antenna which is based on
Microstrip
Feed
Line
Technique.
OMany more design options and
impletation techniques are
available.

REFERENCES: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microstrip_antenn

a
http://www.microwaves101.com/encyclopedia/
antenna_ustrip.cfm
C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, Analysis and
Design, JOHN WILEY & SONS,INC, New York
1997.