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Seb Oliver
Lecture 15:
Examples of Biot-Savart Law
0 ds r
I
2
4
r
dB
0 I
(Field produced by wires)
B
2R
Centre of a wire loop radius R
NI
B 0
Centre of a tight Wire Coil with N turns
2R
Distance a from long straight wire
0 I
B
2a
F 0 I1 I 2
l
2a
0 ds r
dB
I
2
4
r
ds
B is always out of
screen
dB
ds is always to r
0 I ds r
dB
2
4 r
r
ds
0 I
2
4R
B d
Magnitude:
ds
0 I
2
4R
ds
0 I
2R
2
4R
0 I
ds
2
4R
0 I
2R
ds
Magnitude:
as for a single
loop
1 loopCurrent I
N loops Current NI
0 I
B
2R
B
0 NI
2R
a
sin
r r
ds
ds dx
a
x
r
a
ds
dB
Magnetic Field
a Straight
0 from
ds r
I
2
wire
4
r
ds dx
Magnitude:
Direction:
ds r ds r sin
dx sin
B is always out of
a
It turns out it is easier if
screen
r
sin
we get everything in
dB
terms of
2
0 I
r
sin
dB
I
sin dx
ds
4
a
r
sin
2
sin 3
2
a
dx
a
x
r
a
ds
ds dx
a
x
tan
0 I
dB
sin 3
2
a
Magnetic Field
from a Straight
Magnitude:
wire
dx
a
d sin 2
dx
0 I
sin 3
2
a
a
dx
d
2
sin
a
d
2
sin
0 I
sin d
4a
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
180
B dB
sin
cos
0
4a
4a
2a
4a
0 I
B
2R
0 NI
2R
Magnetic field at
wire 1 from wire 2
I2
B2
0 I 2
B2
2a
Magnetic Force
on wire 1 due to
B2 (everything )
FB I1l1 B2
I1l1 0 I 2 0 I1 I 2
FB
l1
2a
2a
Magnetic field at
wire 1 from wire 2
I2
B2
B2
Magnetic Force
on wire 1 due to
B2 (everything )
FB
0 I 2
2a
FB I1l1 B2
Magnetic Force
Between Two
Parallel Wires
I1l1 0 I 2 0 I1 I 2
l1
2a
2a
Force on wire 1
due to wire 2
0 I1 I 2
F1
l1
2a
0 I1 I 2
F2
l2
2a
F 0 I1 I 2
l
2a
Definition of Ampere
F 0 I1 I 2
l
2a
IfIf the
the magnitude
magnitude of
of the
the force
force per
per unit
unit
length
length between
between 22 parallel
parallel wires
wires carrying
carrying
identical
identical currents
currents and
and separated
separated by
by 1m
1m isis
-7
210
210-7N/m
N/m then
then the
the current
current in
in each
each wire
wire
isis 1A
1A
Definition
Definition of
of aa Coulomb:
Coulomb: IfIf aa current
current of
of
1A
1Aisis passing
passing through
through aa wire
wire then
then 1C
1C of
of
charge
charge passes
passes aa surface
surface in
in 1s
1s
Quiz
I1 = 2A, I2 = 6A
(a) F1 = 3F2
(b) F1 = F2
(c) F1 = F2/3
0 ds r
I
2
4
r
dB
0 I
(Field produced by wires)
B
2R
Centre of a wire loop radius R
NI
B 0
Centre of a tight Wire Coil with N turns
2R
Distance a from long straight wire
0 I
B
2a
F 0 I1 I 2
l
2a