Behavioral Sciences and their importance in health

Bio-Psycho-Social Model of Healthcare

Desirable attitudes
Correlation of brain function, mind and Behavioral
Sciences
Roles of a doctor of physical therapy

Sciences concerned with the

Study
Observation
explanation

Behavioral Sciences
(The
science
of
behavior)
of human behavior either in single
individuals or in groups.

individual differences in relationship to

patients behavior

Behavioral Sciences
Behavioral sciences the systematic
analysis and investigation of human and
animal behavior through controlled and
naturalistic experimental observations .

Behavioral Sciences covers

Psychology
study of the mind, occurring partly via the study of
behavior. The study of the nature, functions and
phenomena of human beings.

Anthropology:
study of the origins, history, mechanisms and constitution
of human cultures

Ethology:
study of behavior of non-human species in the natural
setting

Ecology
Deals with the relations of human beings to their
environment and the quantification of this relationship

Sociology
scientific study of society. The study of the
development, nature and laws of human society.
Sociology also focuses on
social stratification
social class
social mobility
Religion
Law
deviance.

Epidemiology
study of illness in defined population

Objectives

of Behavioral

1. Humanization
of the education of doctors
Science
Teaching:
2. A focus on the science of behavior
3. Understanding normal human behavior
4. A preparation for clinical practice

domains of the behavior science in

medical setting:
1. Mind body interaction
2. Patient behavior
3. Physician role and behavior
4. Physician patient interaction
5. Social and cultural issues in health care
6. Health policy and economics

Human Behavior
Behavior refers to the actions or reactions

of an object or organism, usually in relation

to the environment.

Human behavior is the collection of

behaviors exhibited by human beings

Behavior can be:

Conscious or unconscious,
Overt or covert,
Voluntary or involuntary.

Human Behavior
The behavior of people falls within a range:
Common or uncommon/ unusual,
Acceptable
or
unacceptable/outside
acceptability
The

acceptability
of
behaviour
and
normativity is evaluated relative to social
and moral norms and regulated by various
means of social control.
Social behaviour is behavior specifically
directed at other people.

Human Behavior
Human behavior is influenced by:
Culture
Attitudes
Emotions
Values
Ethics
Authority
Coercion
Genetics

Relevance of Behavioral
Sciences to Health & Medicine:
o Etiology of illness,
o Presentation of illnesses,
o Delivery of health care,
o Aspects

of

treatment,

social

and

psychological

Methods of Studying Human

Behaviour:
Observation
Questionnaires
Structured Interviews
Check lists
Rating scales
Self-rating Scales

Psychometric Tests
Psycho physiological Techniques

Data Sources
Official Reports
Institution Reports
National and local data

Determinants of
Behaviour
1. Biological determinants
o

Genetic Influences

Growth and developmental Influences

Biochemical Influences

Psycho physiological parameters

2.

Learning (conditioning)

3.

Sociocultural factors

4.

Psychosocial factors

Biological Determinants of
Human Behavior
Behavior is biologically determined
The complexity of the behavior of an

organism is related to the complexity of its

nervous system.
Organisms

with complex nervous systems

have a greater capacity to learn new
responses and thus adjust their behavior.

Bio-Psycho-Social Model of
Healthcare

The biomedical, social, and psychological

models converged under the development of
psychiatrist George Engel. In 1977.
This model interprets "health" as the
interaction of these three perspectives.

The biopsychosocial model states that while the

three domains of health (i.e., the biomedical, the

social, and the psychological) are all
interrelated, they are also independent.
if an individual is healthy (by medical standards)
and perceives him or herself to be ill, then that
individual may be considered unhealthy.
Conversely, someone who has a medical
condition (i.e., a disease) and perceives them
self to be well, may not be considered healthy
under the biopsychosocial model.

Desirable attitudes
Attitudeis an expression of favor or disfavor

toward A person, place, thing, or event.

Attitudes the most distinctive and
indispensable concept in contemporarysocial
psychology. Gordon allport
Attitude can be formed from A person's past

and present

Correlation of brain function,

mind
and
Behavioral
Brain:visible , tangible.
Sciences
Mind:invisible, magnificent world of thought,
feeling, attitude, belief and imagination.
Thebrainis the physical organ most
associated withmindand consciousness.
brain functions conscious or unconscious.
Behavioral Sciences a bridge between mind
and brain and its functions.

Roles of a doctor of physical

therapy
Physical therapistshealth care professionals who
diagnose and treat
individuals of all ages, from newborns to the very oldest
who have medical problems or other health-related
conditions that limit their abilities to move and perform
functional activities in their daily lives.
examine individual
develop plan using treatment techniques to promote
ability to move
reduce pain
restore function
prevent disability.

work with individuals to prevent the loss of

mobility before it occurs by developing

fitness- and wellness-oriented programs for
healthier and more active lifestyles.
physical therapists assume leadership roles in
rehabilitation.