C CHILD

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ABUSE
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Child Abuse
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E Prepared by : supervised by :
N Hemn Tahir Dr.Sameer
T Yasir Jabbar Dr.Nameer
A Qadir M. Al-Umary
T
I
CHILD
ABUSE Contents:
1. Introduction…
2. The Major types of Child
Abuse…
3. The risk factors of child abuse

4. The effects of child abuse

5. Who are perpetrators?

6. Prevention of Child Abuse…

7. References…
CHILD
ABUSE Introduction:
The physical or mental injury, sexual
abuse, exploitation, negligent treatment
or maltreatment of a child under the age
of 18 (except in the case of sexual
abuse, where age is specified by the
child protection law of the State) by a
person who is responsible for the child’s
welfare
CHILD
ABUSE Introduction..Cont…
Ø Over 3 million Reports of Child Abuse are
Filed each year.
Ø It is Estimated that 9 million Children are
Actually Abused.
Ø 4 Children die every day as a result of
Abuse, 3 out of those 4 will be under the
age of 4.
CHILD
ABUSE Introduction..Cont...
ØChild Abuse shows no bounds, it happens in
every socio-economical background.
Ø1/3 of children Abused will grow up to Abuse
their own Children.
CHILD
ABUSE The Types of Child Abuse:

Physical Abuse

Child Neglect

Sexual Abuse

Emotional Abuse
CHILD
ABUSE Physical Abuse:
v Physical Abuse:
Any act perpetrated by a parent or caretaker
that results in death, serious physical harm, or
the risk of serious physical harm. Intent to
harm is not a necessary a part of physical
abuse because a parent may harm a child
unintentionally through the use of zealous
physical discipline.
CHILD
ABUSE Physical Abuse..Cont…
vPhysical Indicators:
ØBruises
ØLacerations
ØWelts, lumps, bumps
ØUnexplained fractures
ØBurns-cigarette,
immersion
CHILD
ABUSE Physical Abuse..Cont…
Shaken Baby Syndrome:
Describes serious injuries that can occur
when an infant or toddler is severely or
violently shaken. SBS may result in;
ØBlindness or eye damage
ØDelay in normal development
ØSeizures
ØDamage to spinal cord (paralysis)
ØBrain damage
ØDeath
CHILD
ABUSE Physical Abuse..Cont…
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy:
Is a term that is used to describe a condition
in which the child’s mother fabricates illnesses
in the child in order to get attention. This
condition often involves chronic and recurrent
physical problems that do not respond to
treatment. When the child is hospitalized the
abusing parent may attempt to sabotage
medical treatment.
CHILD
ABUSE Child Neglect:
The persistent or severe neglect of a child
(ex. By exposure to any kind of danger
including Cold and starvation) which results in
severe impairment of the child’s health or
development including non-organic failure to
thrive.
CHILD
ABUSE Child Neglect..Cont…
Types of Neglect:
ØMedical neglect
ØLack of supervision
ØEducational neglect
ØNutritional neglect
ØExposure to danger
ØAbandonment
ØInappropriate/
Insufficient clothing
Øetc…
CHILD
ABUSE Child Neglect..Cont…
Physical indicators:
ØUnder weight,
ØFailure to thrive
ØConsistent hunger
ØPoor hygiene
ØInappropriate Clothing.
CHILD
ABUSE Child Neglect..Cont…
Behavioral Indicators:
ØBegging or stealing Food
ØExtended Stays with non-parent caregiver
ØConstant fatigue
ØAssumes Adult Responsibilities and
Concerns
ØStates there is no caregiver
CHILD
ABUSE Sexual Abuse:
Sexual abuse:
Utilization of a child for sexual gratification by
an adult or older child in which the child is
being used for the sexual stimulation of the
adult or older child.
CHILD
ABUSE Sexual Abuse..Cont…
Physical Indicators
ØAny venereal disease
ØForeign matter in genitals
ØBruised or dilated genitals
ØRecurrent urinary tract
infection
ØDifficulty /painful walking
CHILD
ABUSE Sexual Abuse..Cont…
Behavioral Indicators
ØSeductive behavior.
ØArtwork depicts sexual themes.
ØSelf destructive behavior (suicide,
cutting).
ØSleep disorders.
ØRunning away.
ØProstitution.
CHILD
ABUSE Emotional Abuse:
Emotional Abuse:
Mental/Emotional harm inflicted
by a constant pattern of verbal
harassment, threats, and
systematic destruction of
a child’s self-esteem.
CHILD
ABUSE Emotional Abuse..Cont…
Physical Indicators:
ØEating disorders.
ØElimination problems.
ØSpeech disorders.

Behavioral Indicators
Habit disorders …Poor relationships.
Behavioral extremes.
Sleep problems.
Sadistic, masochistic.
Developmental lags.
Apathetic…Suicidal.
Withdrawal… Anxiety...Fears.
CHILD
ABUSE The risk factors of child abuse:
ØStress and lack of support.
ØAlcohol and drug abuse
ØUntreated mental illness
ØLack of parenting skills
ØDomestic violence.
Ø
CHILD
ABUSE The effects of child abuse:
1. Lack of trust and relationship difficulties:
. Abused children
cannot express
emotions safely.
As a result, the
emotions get stuffed
down, coming out in
unexpected ways.
.
CHILD
ABUSE The effects of child abuse:
2. Core feelings of being “worthless” or
“damaged.”
especially Sexually abused children
CHILD
ABUSE The effects of child abuse:
3. Trouble regulating emotions:
This can lead to difficulty maintaining
relationships due to fear of being
controlled or abused
CHILD
ABUSE The effects of child abuse:

4. Shame and guilt in child sexual abuse

They may worry that others won’t believe
them, will be angry with them, or that it will
split their family apart
CHILD
ABUSE Who are perpetrators?
There is no single profile of a perpetrator of
fatal child abuse, although certain
characteristics reappear in many studies.
Frequently, the perpetrator is
Øa young adult in his or her mid-20s,
Øwithout a high school diploma,
Øliving at or below the poverty level,
Ødepressed,
Øand who may have difficulty coping with
stressful situations.
CHILD
ABUSE Who are perpetrators?
Most fatalities from physical abuse are
caused by fathers and other male caregivers.
Mothers are most often held responsible for
deaths resulting from child neglect
CHILD
ABUSE Prevention of child abuse:

April Is Child Abuse

Prevention Month.
CHILD
ABUSE Prevention of child abuse:

In 1989, Blue ribbon Campaign to prevent child

abuse had its early beginnings.
CHILD
ABUSE Prevention of child abuse:

Primary prevention…

Secondary prevention…

Tertiary prevention…

Ecological framework for prevention…

CHILD
ABUSE Prevention of child abuse:

Primary prevention:
activities are directed at the general
population and attempt to stop
maltreatment before it occurs. All members
of the community have access to and may
benefit from these services.
CHILD
ABUSE Prevention of child abuse:

Secondary prevention:
This type is also community-oriented.
There is child abuse, and/or there is risk
factors for child abuse, but of it’s initial
stage, so we can try to stop it’s progress and
prevent it’s complications.
CHILD
ABUSE Prevention of child abuse:

Tertiary prevention:
activities focus on families where
maltreatment has already occurred
(indicated) and seek to reduce the
negative consequences of the
maltreatment and to prevent its
recurrence.
CHILD
ABUSE Prevention of child abuse:
Ecological framework for prevention:
An ecological framework for prevention is
based on the following assumption:
Children and families exist as part of an
ecological system. This means that
prevention strategies must target
interventions at multiple levels:
the individual,
the family,
the community, and society.
CHILD
ABUSE Preventive measures:
ØPublic service announcements.
ØParent education programs and support groups.
ØPublic awareness campaigns.
ØHome visiting programs.
ØFamily resource centers.
ØParent mentor programs.
ØMental health services for children and families.
CHILD
ABUSE
CHILD
ABUSE References:
If a child com
ØLaurence Finbberg(1998), Saunder’s Manual of pediatric practice
chap.:57, page: 203.
ØD.M. Roberton & M. South (2007), Practical Pediatrics,
Øwww Document
Child welfare information Gateway State Statutes Series,
available at
www.childwelfare.gov/systemwide/laws_policies/ststutes/define.cfm
(accessed Mar 7th 2010)
Øwww Document
Good knight organization available at www.edocfind.com
accessed Mar 7th 2010
Øwww Document
Press centre available at www.unicef.org (accessed Mar 7th
2010)
Ø
CHILD
ABUSE Regards.
Øwhile watching this
seminar… kids will
have been abused.

ØThink About it…

Without Children …
we are nothing.!