4 Hydro Power L

Bahir Dar University , Institute of Technology
School of Food Processing and Chemical Engineering
BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY

Institute of Technology
Copyright ,TassTad , 2009 2010
GRADUATE
Advanced
HydropowerPROGRAM
plant engineering
SEng7069
IN
Hydro-Electric Power Plants
2/3/16
School of Computing and Electrical Engineering
Introduction
Water flowing from higher level to lower level has kinetic energy which can be converted to
mechanical energy and then electrical energy.
The hydro-energy in flowing water is a function of weight of water and the head through
which the water falls.
Hydro-energy is an easily storable, conventional renewable energy.
The question is how much water can be stored for channelizing through penstocks and
hydro turbines, economically and conveniently,
The hydro-turbines drive the generators and the water is discharged through tail-race.
Copyright 2009, TassTad
Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering
The water stored in the upper reservoir/ lake/ pond constitutes the primary energy.
The water flows through the pressure pipe line and through the hydro- turbine and draft tube
to the tail race.
The potential energy is stored water in the reservoir at high head is converted into kinetic
energy in the flowing water.
The flowing water converts the energy into mechanical rotary energy in the hydro turbine.
Hydro-turbine drives the rotor of hydro- electric generator.
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Typical Hydro-Electric Power Plants

Hydro Electric Schemes have a reservoir or a pool on one side of the darn and turbine generator
units on the other side at lower level.
The Head of water results in the flow.
Energy is proportional to total weight of upper level water than can flow through turbine multiplied by
the Head of fall.
The head of water and flow rate have decisive influence on the choice of the turbine.
2. Medium Head
4. Underground high head.
Reservoir is created in a valley by building a dam across a river flowing through the
valley at reasonably high level.
The types of Hydro Plants are:

1. High Head
3. Low Head.
The power plant is built on the downstream side of the dam. Water from the reservoir may be taken
through pressure pipe, tunnel, penstock etc. up to turbine.
The plant rating range covers a few hundred kW to a few thousand MW.
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High Head Hydro-Electric Power Plant.
High Head Scheme has a large reservoir on higher level and water from high level
reservoir flows through pressure pipe to the turbine and is finally discharged into the
tail race.
The figures. below illustrate typical conventional Hydro Reservoir Schemes.
The upper reservoir is usually formed by constructing a dam on a river valley at

high
level.
The excess water from the reservoir is discharged through the gates in the dam.
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Medium Head Scheme has usually a darn

on a river forming the reservoir on the river
side and a hydro-electric power plant on the
lower level. The tail race water is discharged
into the river.
Medium-Head Hydro Electric Power Plants.
Low-head Run-of-River Scheme (Small

Hydro).
The low head schemes are generally small hydro
schemes
rated up to 15 MW.
Low Head Scheme is usually with a
barrage* on a flowing river and turbinegenerator units mounted' within the nozzle
shaped tubular passage through the barrage.
Low Head Schemes are generally Run-ofRiver schemes with a low high barrage or weir
across a river or a canal. The bulb type or tube
type turbine-generator is installed axially within
the passage of water through the draft tube.
* river barrier: an artificial barrier 2/3/16
built across a river or canal to provide water or prevent flooding.
Turbine and Pump at Storage type hydropower plant
Turbine
n (rpm)
Turbines:
loss
Pump
,.-- ;
;.,
Pumps:
l
n (rpm)
Centrifugal
10-80 HH&SD
35-400 MH&MD
Mixed flow
70-180 MH&MD
300-1000 LH&LD
Axial flow
150-320 LH&LD
Pelton
10-40 HH&SD
Francis
Kaplan
P/QH
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loss
QH/Pi
Underground Hydro Electric Power Plants are built at lower level and inside a cave. The tail race water is
discharged through a tunnel into the downstream path of the river.
Example:
Underground Hydro-Electric Power Plant.
Tana-Beles Multipurpose Hydro Electric

Power Plant
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The small hydro power plants are considered as nonconventional. Hydro-Electric Projects
rated up to and including 15 MW, are called Small Hydro Projects. Projects rated up to and
including 1 MW rating are called Mini Hydro Projects.
Projects rated up to 100 kW are called Micro Hydro Projects. The terms are somewhat
arbitrary and not exact. Conventional Hydro Projects are generally in the range of 100 MW
and above.
The economics of Small/Mini/Micro Hydro Projects is different from that of Conventional
Hydro Projects.
The Mini/Micro/Small Hydro Projects are further classified as Low Head/Medium Head/
High
Classification of small hydro power plants by their ratings and head.
head Projects:.
Large
>
MW
Medium
100
Low Head
2 to 20 m
> 15 MW
Medium
Head
20 to 150
m
Small
Hydro
<15 MW
High Head > 150 m
Mini Hydro
<1 MW
Micro
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Run-of-the River Plants are built across continuously flowing river with
minor seasonal variation in flow. A barrage is built across the river and turbines are
housed within the barrage. The upstream-side of the barrage has a small pool of
water at higher level than the downstream side of the barrage. The run-of the river
plants are of small, mini or micro size and employ low head: Bulb Turbine or Pit
Turbine or Tube Turbine.
Diversion Canal Schemes. These are also Run-of-the River Schemes. The
part of the water from the main river is diverted by means of a flat canal to a Weir at a
suitable geographic location.
Multi-Step River Valley Schemes. Three or more reservoirs are built at

different levels along the path of flowing river. The discharge of first power plant is
used for filling the second reservoir at lower level, and so on.
The run-off the river plant is built in the weir. The tail race water flows to the
main downstream of the original river.
Pumped Storage Plants. During off-peak period the machine operates as

motor-pump and converts electrical energy to potential hydro energy storage. During
peak load on the electric grid, the machine operates in Turbine-Generator mode and
converts Hydro energy to electrical energy.
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Hydraulic energy is available wherever water can be collected at a higher level and made to flow
through the turbine to lower level. Hydraulic energy is proportional to Qt X H.
Method used for determination of hydro-energy potential based on Berunis formula.
(See Fig. below)
Energy and Power of the water flow
Representation of parameters of water flow portion for determination of its power.

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Where,
L1-2 a given segment/distance of water flow,[m]

h1,h2 a vertical Position of a relative Potential energy taken from the
centre of gravity of each sectioned planes,[m]
density of the water,[kg/m3]
g gravitational acceleration of a free fall object,[m/s2]
1,2 coefficient of non-uniform distribution of water speed (kineticenergy) along the sectioned line. = 1.03 1.1
V1 average speed of the flow at the sectioned line,[m/s]
v1 actual speed of the flow of water at the given point of the
sectioned line,[m/s]
p2 pressure at the given point of the water flow,[Pa]
Q1-2 discharge of the water [m3/sec]
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The relative energy of water flow at the given section by taking the mass of the water = 1 N.
The summation of
h2/
p2
h2
g
e2 h2/
p2 2 V2 2
;
g
2g
which determine the reserve of relative Potential energy at the given section.
E12 E1 E2 g W
h1
P
1
g
h2
P
2
g
1 V12 2 V
2 2
2g
P1
- relative potential energy at given point/section with respect to centre of gravity and additional pressure,[m].
g
1 V12
2g
- relative kinetic energy of the fluid. If v1 ==v2, the kinetic energy difference can be neglected
If the cutting planes 1-1 and 2-2 are approaching each other ( then V 1=V2 and P1=P2),
therefore, the total potential energy will be:
Where,
E1-2 Potential energy
E12 E1 E2 g W
1 2 gW H12 ;
H1 2 1 2 relative Potential energy of the flow of water called head which

equal to the level of free falling of water flow within the given segment
L1-2.
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Average Power on the given section P 1-2 (kg/m or Watt) is the ratio of potential flow E 1-2 to the time in sec:
P1 2
E1 2
W
g H
12
T
T
The units of measurement is
gQ12 H12 ;
N m3
N m
J
watt
m3 sec
sec
sec
Or having 1kgsec m/sec = 9.80665 watt, = 1000 kg/m3 (average value of density) and will be found
P1-2(kW) under the given Q 1-2 (m3/s) and H 1-2 (m):
P1-2 = 9.81 Q1-2 H1-2 ; in [kW]
or P1-2 in MW:
P1-2 =
Q1-2 H1-2
; in [MW]
102
;
E1-2 = P1-2 T = g (Q1-2 T1)H/3600 = (W H1-2)/367

Sometimes it is convenient to take W in m3 (W = Q . t) so the
energy in kWh can be express as,
For determining energy in kWh, we multiply P1-2 by T1 [hr],

Hence
E1 2
W H1 2
;
367.2
E1-2 = 8760 P1-2(ava.yealy)
Where W- in m3; T1 = T/3600 [hr]; 1 kWh = 3.6106 Joules

Time in the year, T yearly = 8760 hrs.
Yearly electrical energy will be, 85,936 Q H1-2
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Types of Hydro-Turbines
The prime movers for the generators installed in a hydroelectric station are Water turbines, in which
the PE and KE of the water are converted in to the mechanical energy needed for rotating the turbine
runners and generator shaft.
The choice of turbine depends on head H and flow rate Q. There are three types of turbine.
The selection of a water turbine depends up on various factors such as working head, available
discharge, speed, output and nature of load. The effective head under which the turbine is to operate
gives the first guide to the selection of the type of the turbine. For H= 300 m and above, an Impulse
turbine is employed.
Reactive types are not suitable for such high heads as due to high velocity of water; there will be a
rapid wear and friction losses.
Impulse Turbine (Pe1ton wheel) is used for high heads, 100 to 1000m flow rate of 2 to 100 m3/s.
Reaction Turbine (Francis) is used for medium heads, 5 to 30m flow rate of 5 to 500 m3/s.
Propeller Turbine (Kaplan) is used for low heads,2 to 100m and flow rate of 5 to 900 m3/s.
Types of Hydro Turbines:
Principle of Impulse Turbine (Pelton wheel).

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Cross Section of a Generator-Kaplan Turbine Unit.

Francis (Reaction) turbine
1. Hub of runner
3. Spiral casing
6. Bearing
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2. Blades of Kaplan (Adjustable)

4. Shaft
5. Wicket Gates
7. Generator
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- ( . - N=178 ; D =9,5 ; =34,6 ; n=71,5 /)
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In reaction turbine (Francis) the water pushes the turbine-blades by reaction.

In propeller turbine (Kaplan) the blades are pushed by propelling action of the water.
Generally the turbine and generator, exciter are mounted on the same vertical axis or
horizontal
axis.
Choice of Hydro Turbines and Characteristics
In impulse turbine high velocity water from nozzles creates impulse on the buckets of
pelton wheel.
Head of water (m)
Low
6-50
Medium
15-500
High
200-1000
Hydro Turbine
Type
Water
storage
Actual speed, Na (rpm)
Specific speed
(kW-m units)
Kaplan
(Propeller)
Flowing river
Pond
50 -250
40 80
Francis
(Reaction)
Storage,
Pond
100- 500
60 400
Pelton
(Impulse)
Large Lake,
Reservoir
200- 1000
300- 900
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The water flows from penstocks into turbine. The flow is control- led by the control vanes (or gates)
operated by hydraulic mechanism operated by the governor. After flowing through the turbine, the water
flows into the tail-race.
In some hydro-electric systems, several hydro power stations are located at different levels.
Hydro-electric power stations are located on the lower side of a dam.
Power Equations for a Hydro-turbine Unit

The power developed by a water turbine (its shaft output) is dependent on the volumetric rate of water
flow through it and the head of the water.
Pturbine = 1000 Q H stru turbine [kgm.m/sec]

Where,
Q the rate of flow of water through the turbine [m 3/sec]
H - the water head [m]
stru - the efficiency of the structure (water channel, head, penstock pipe and drought tube etc.)
Since 1kW = 102 kgm/sec
Pst .
turbine the efficiency of the turbine for min and max capacities, the range differs from 0.88 up to 0.94.
1000 Q H
s
t g
102
Where,
station - the station efficiency
9.81
Q H ;
s t
g (which is from 0.85 up to 0.86.)
generator - the efficiency of the generator for medium and maximum

capacities, the range differs from 0.95 up to 0.98.
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Types of Turbines for Small Hydro

In case of Large Hydro Schemes, turbines are designed to suit site parameters.
In case of small turbines Standard Packages are available with the manufacturers and
choice is made from them. This saves the design time.
The types of standard designs for Small Hydro are:
Cross Flow Turbine.
Bulb-Turbine.
Pit Turbine with Horizontal Axis.
Pit Turbine with inclined Axis.
Horizontal Axis Francis Turbine.
Horizontal Axis Impulse Turbine.
Small Francis with vertical axis.
The types of turbines for low head and low speeds are Propeller type Reaction Turbines
with Kaplan runner.
The types of constructions in propeller type include
Fixed Blade Propeller (Kaplan) Turbine.
Adjustable Blade Propeller (Kaplan) Turbine
Axial Flow Propeller Turbines
Tube
Pit
Bulb
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Types of Turbines and Parameters for Small Hydro Schemes

Head ,m
Discharge ,m3.
Speed* ,rpm
7.5-100
0.15-5.0
100-1000
Bulb (Package)
5-18
4-25
187-500
S-Type (Tubular)
3-18
1.5-40
120-750
Vertical Tubular
5-18
2-20
300-750
Type
Cross flow
Horizontal Francis
20-300
0.6-17
300-1000
Horizontal PeIton
75-400
0.3-3
120-1000
Rating ,kW
50-1000
150-4500
50-5000
300-750
500-5000
100-5000
Typ
e
*Higher Generator Speeds through gearing unit.
Discharge
m3.
Speed* Rating kW
rpm
0.15-5.0 100-1000 50-1000
Cross flow
7.5-100
Bulb
(Package)
5-18
4-25
187-500
3-18
1.5-40
120-750
5-18
2-20
300-750
Horizontal
Francis
20-300
0.6-17
300-1000
Horizontal
PeIton
75-400
0.3-3
120-1000 100-5000
S-Type
(Tubular)
Vertical
Tubular
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Head m
150-4500
50-5000
300-750
500-5000
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Classification of Hydro Turbines and their area of utilization
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Classification of Hydro Turbines and their area of utilization nes
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Head, [m] 1000 kW
5000 kW 10000 kW
(kW)
500 kW
(kW)
(kW)
(kW)
100 kW
(kW)
(kW)
MHPS with Low

head
50 kW
10 kW
Discharge ,Q [m3/s]
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Merits of Hydro-Electric Energy

Hydro-energy is a clean and renewable energy. The hydroelectric power generation does not produce
pollution. The hydro energy is renewed naturally by rain-water and by melting of snow on high mountains
during summers.
The natural renewable energy is stored in the high level reservoir and used whenever necessary. In this
regard, it is different from the solar and wind energies which cannot be stored in huge quantities.
Very huge Hydro-electric power plants in range of several hundred to a few thousand MW rating are
operating satisfactorily with lowest operating costs and no pollution in several nations in the world.
Hydro-Energy Technology is environment-friendly, renewable and simple.
More than 35 Hydro electric power plants in the world are rated more than 1000 MW, some are rated above
5000 MW. A coal fired thermal power plant of such a capacity would result in environmental pollution beyond
permissible limits.
Transport of raw energy is natural by gravity.
The other fossil fuelled power plants have to depend on transportation of fuel up to power plant.
The operating cost of hydro electric power plants is low and the renewable energy resource
occurs free of cost. The price rise of fossil fuels does not affect the price of hydro energy.
The life of hydro-electric plants is 40 to 80 years.
Initial capital cost is high and construction periods are long for conventional large Hydro-Electric Power Plants.
Large hydro potential is usually away from load centers and additional investment is necessary for
transmission of bulk power from large remote hydro-electric power plants to distant transmission network.
Recently, long distance HVDC Transmission Systems have been installed successfully for this purpose and
Large Hydro Electric Projects can be built far away from load centers without limitation of transmission system.
Hydro-electric power plants have operational flexibility. They can be started quickly, stopped quickly. Auxiliaries
are simple. Hydro-electric plant can be operated as a base load plant or a peak sharing plant.
Hydro-Thermal coordination helps in conserving precious fossil fuels and utilizing natural water during
monsoon (or summer water from snow).
Mile reservoirs are necessary for supplying water for drinking, irrigation, industries, power plants, fisheries,
aqua-bio energy farms, forests etc. and the water let out from tail race is usable for these multi purposes. Thus
the electric power is received as a renewable bonus.
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Merits of Hydro Turbines

Quick starting, loading, stopping.
Flexibility of operation.
Excellent peaking performance.
Suitable for remote, rural, agricultural areas.
Efficiency of turbine is very high.
Long service life.
Low operating cost. Requires few operating staff.
Civil construction is simple and compact with local materials and labour.
Environmental Aspects concerned with Hydro Power
Hydro Power Plants are environment friendly and compatible with the environment (unlike
fossil fuel plants which emit CO 2, S0x, NOx, Particulate Matter and Nuclear Power Plants
associated with radioactive wastes).
The major environmental issues to be analyzed before planning and sanctioning a Hydro
Scheme are however related with the reservoir volume and tailrace water flow and their
impact on the population, agriculture, geography, geology, forests, aquatic life, etc. The impact
is related with the catchment area. The permits from environmental authorities for large hydro
projects should be taken in advance.
Hydro Schemes are multipurpose. The water is used before and after power generation
and there is no wastage of water. Only the head is lost during power generation.
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Diversion weir -Chara Chara in 1995/97
Catchment area 16,300 km2
Spillway -1787.00 mast./635 m long
Average Discharge - 118 m3/s
Firm Release - 110 m3/s
Flood Peak at PH 1720 m3/s
Tis Abay II Hydro Power Station

Water discharge, max. - 150 m3/s
Gross head 53 m
Installed capacity -73 MW
Yearly energy production - 359 GWH
Level differences of 59 m
Francis Type Turbine, 36.8 MW(Each)
Turbine Rated Head 52.3 MW
Turbine Rated speed 214.3 rpm
Turbine Rated Discharge (Each) 75 m3/s
Intake gates
Turbine Rated Head 52.3 m
Double circuit 132 KV Transmission line 3Poundage capacity - 80,000

m
Generator Transformer Rated Voltage
13.8/132 KV
Firm Energy (Total) 400 GWH/Year
332 m
Generator Rated Power Factor 0.9
Generator Voltage 13.8 KV
Surface penstock 2X 4.60 m
Generator Rated Capacity (Each) 40 MVA
Rectangular canal,
LXW X H
(1,500 X 17 X 8.5)m
The Layout of hydroelectric Power Plant

Tiss abay
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Out flow
regulation
Nile river
down stream -35 km
45 m fall
Tis Abay I hydroelectric plant -1964

Installed capacity - 11.4 MW.
Water discharge, max. 30 m3/s
Gross head 53 m
Generator Transformer Rated Voltage
3.3/32 KV
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Daily Load Curves of a typical hydro power system:

a Load Curve and its formation; b Power Curve and its coverage; 1- Constant and 24hrs operating factories' loads;
2- Load of factories with three shifts ; 3- Load of factories with three shifts ;
4 load for electric transport; 5 Factories with single shift; 6 lighting load; 7 Self usage for electric power station;
PR Pump regime, R Turbine regime.
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Surplus flow
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. Intake head works
39
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Bulb Type Turbine
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in-conduit mini hydro turbine
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- , =0,46 , 500 =49 :

1 - ; 2- ; 3- - ; 4 - ; 5 - ; - ; 7 - ; 8 -
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5- - ( 1500 , 1=1,8 ):
1
; 2 ; i; 4 -2/3/16
45
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P=200 kW
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D of the turbine =1m

47
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- ( . , PG =300 ; P =310
=20m; n =200 /; D=4 ):
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The following points should be taken into account while selecting the site for a hydro-electric
PowerStation :
i.Availability of water. Since the primary requirement of a hydro-electric power station is the
availability of huge quantity of water, such plants should be built at a e.g., place (river, canal) where
adequate water is available at a good head.
ii.Storage of water. There are wide variations in water supply from a river or canal during the year.
This makes it necessary to store water by constructing a dam in order to ensure the generation of
power throughout the year. The storage helps in equalizing the flow of waters that any excess quantity
of water at a certain period of the year can be made available during times of very low flow in the
river. This leads to the conclusion that site selected for a hydro-electric plant should provide adequate
facilities for erecting a dam and storage of water.
iii.Cost and type of land. The land for the construction of the plant should be available at reasonable
price. Further, the bearing capacity of the ground should be adequate to with-stand the weight of
heavy equipment to be installed.
Choice of Site for Hydro-electric Power Stations
iv. Transportation facilities. The site selected for a hydro-electric plant should be accessible
v.by rail and road so that necessary equipment and machinery could be easily transported.
It is clear from the above mentioned factors that ideal choice of site for such a plant is near a river
in hilly areas where dam can be conveniently built and large reservoirs can be obtained.
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Hydro-Electric Power Plants - Some Exercises
Solution:Weight of water available is

W = Volume of water x density
( Q mass of 1 m 3 of water is 1000 kg)
= (5 x 106) x (1000)
= 5 x 109 kg
= 5 x 109 x 981 N
Electrical energy available = W x H x overall

= (5 x 109 x 981) x (200) x (075) watt .
sec
Example 1. A hydro-electric generating station is supplied from a reservoir of

capacity 5 x 10 6 m3 at a head of 200 m. Find total the energy available in kWh
if the overall efficiency is 75%.
= (5 x 109 x 9.81) x (200) x (0.75) kWh

3600 x 1000
=
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2.044 106 kWh OR 2.044 MWh
61
Hydro-Electric Power Plants Some Exercises
Solution:Weight of water available, W = 94 x 1000 = 94000 kg/sec

Water head, H = 39 m
Work done/sec = W x H = 94000 x 981 x 39 watts
= 35, 963 x 103 W = 35, 963 kW
This is gross plant capacity.
Example 2. It has been estimated that a minimum run off of approximately

94 m3/sec will be available at a hydraulic project with a head
of 39 m.
Determine(i) firm capacity
(ii) yearly gross output. Assume the efficiency of the plant to be 80%.
i. Firm capacity = Plant efficiency x Gross plant capacity

= 080 x 35,963 = 28,770 kW
ii. Yearly gross output
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=
=
Firm capacity x Hours in a year

28,770 x 8760 = 252 x 106 kWh
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Example 3. Water for a hydro-electric station is obtained from a reservoir with a

head of 100 meters. Calculate the electrical energy generated per hour per cubic
meter of water if the hydraulic efficiency be 086 and electrical efficiency 092.
Solution:Water head, H = 100 m ;
discharge, Q = 1 m3/sec;
overall = 086 x 092 = 079
Wt. of water available/sec, W = Q x 1000 x 981 = 9810 N
Power produced
= W x H x overall
= 9810 x 100 x 079 watts
= 775 x 103 watts = 775 kW
Energy generated/hour = 775 x 1 = 775 kWh

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* The total rainfall cannot be utilized as a part of it is lost by evaporation or absorption by ground. Yield
factor indicates the percentage of rainfall available for utilization. Thus 80% yield factor means that only
80% of total rainfall can be utilized.

Example 4. Calculate the average power in kW that can be generated in a
hydro-electric project from the following data,
Catchment area
= 5 x109 m2 ; Mean head, H = 30 m
Annual rainfall, F = 125 m ;
Yield factor, K = 80 %
Overall efficiency, overall = 70 %
If the load factor is 40% , what is the rating of generators installed ?
Solution:Volume of water which can be utilized per annum
= Catchment area x Annual rainfall x *yield factor
= (5 x 109) x (125) x (08) = 5 x 109 m3
Weight of water available per annum is
W = 5 x 109 x 981 x 1000 = 4905x 1012 N

Electrical energy available per annum ,
= W x H x overall = (4905 x 1012) x (30) x (0.7) watt-sec
= (49. 05 x 1012) x (30) x (0.7 ) kWh = 2.86 x 108 kWh
Max. demand
1000 x 3600
Average power = 286 x 108/8760 = 32648 kW
Max. demand = Average demand /Load factor = 32648/0.4 = 81620 kW
Therefore, the maximum
capacity of the generators should be 81620 kW.
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i.
Calculate the total electrical energy that can be generated from the
power
station.
ii. If a load of 15, 000 kW has been supplied for 3 hours, find the fall in
reservoir level.
Solution.
ii. Wt. of water available,
W = Volume of reservoir x wt. of 1 m3 of water
= (5 x 106) x (1000) kg = 5 x 109 x 9.81 N
Overall efficiency, overall = 0.95 x 0.9 x 085 = 0.726
Example 5. A hydro-electric power station has a reservoir of area 2.4 km2 and
capacity 5 x106 m3. The effective head of water is 100 meters. The penstock,
turbine and generation efficiencies are respectively 95%, 90% and 85%.
Electrical energy that can be generated

= W x H x overall = (5 x 109 x 981) x (100) x (0726) watt-sec.
= (5 x 109 x 9 8 1) x (100)x (0.72) kWh = 9,89,175 kWh
2/3/16 1000x 3600
65
2/3/16
66
2/3/16
67
2/3/16
68
2/3/16
69

Plant
Tekeze
Gilge Ghibe II
Beles
GGIII (Phase I)
Halele
Werebesa
Halele+Worabesa
Chemoga Yeda 1
Chemoga Yeda 2
Genale 2
Genale3
Genale 2&3
Geba 1
Geba 2
Geba 1&2
Aleltu West
Baro1
Baro2
Plant
Baro 1&2
Aleltu East Stage 1
Calub (CCGT)Natgas
Caradobi
Tendaho
Geothermal
Aluto Geothermal
Tkeze II
2/3/16
Capacity MW
300
420
460
1870
100
326
422
162
118
171
177
348
194
150
344
265
166
479
Capacity MW
645
189
Status
U.construction
U.construction
U.construction
U.construction
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
Status
Candidate
Candidate
600
1800
Candidate
Candidate
30
10
450
Candidate
Candidate
Candidate
70
No.
Plant
Install
Capacity MW
Avg. Energy Production

GWh/Yr
Koka
43.2
171
Awash II
32
126
Awash III
32
126
Fincha
134
531
Melka Wakena
153
604
Tis Abay I
11.4
80
Tis Abay II
73
279
Gilgil Gibe I
184
642
ICS Hydro
662.6
2559
ICS Diesel
85.5
582
10
Aluto La. Geothermal
7.3
Total ICS
755
3141
Total SCS
36
39
TOTAL ICS + SCS
791
3180
2/3/16
71
No.
Hydro Plants
Installed Capacity, MW
Tekeze
300
Gilgil Gibe II
420
Gilgil Gibe III
1870
Beles
460
2/3/16
72
GONDER I 15B
U/Un = 98.11
phi = -19.42
P = 0.6 1
Q = 0.4 1
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 3
P = 1.49
Q = 1.10
cosph i = 0.80
I = 0.02
P = -1.49
Q = -1.10
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.02
P = -1.51
Q = -0.46
co sphi = - 0.96
I = 0.01
P = -0.61
Q = -0.41
P = -0.6 1
Q = -0.4 5
cosph i = -0.80
I = 0.0 1
P = -2.75
Q = - 1.33
cosp hi = -0.90
I = 0.03
GONDER I I 15
U/Un = 97.20
phi = -20.41
P = 5.4 9
Q = 1.2 5
W ERETA 15
U/Un = 96.12
phi = -21.86
BAHIR DAR I I 15A

U/Un = 95.53
phi = -20.89
DANGLA 15
U/Un = 95.00
phi = -24.06
P = 2.7 1
Q = 1.8 2
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.13
P = -3.92
Q = -2.63
BAHIR DAR I I 66
U/Un = 96.56
phi = -20.30
P = -6.11
Q = - 2.91
cosp hi = -0.90
I = 0.06
P = -2.71
Q = -1.82
P = -5.72
Q = -3.84
P = 4 .58
Q = 1 .01
P = -45.17
Q = 30.57
cosphi = -0.83
I = 0.15
P = 2. 96
Q = -1 .59
cosph i = 0.88
I = 0.0 4
I = 0.07
P = 2.38
Q = 1.60
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.11
P = -4.77
Q = -3.20
BAHIR DAR I 15
U/Un = 96.62
phi = -23.02
P = -0.0 2
Q = 2.6 8
cosphi = -0.01
I = 0.03
P = -2.0 0
Q = -2.6 9
cosph i = -0.60
I = 0.3 1
P = -0.01
Q = -0.05
cos phi = -0.1 1
I = 0 .00
P = 0.00
Q = -2.85
cosphi = 0 .00
I = 0.26
TIAB1 G1
U/Un = 105.00
phi = -20.11
TIS ABAY I 45
U/Un = 100.69
phi = -21.64
P = -1.96
Q = -5.12
cosphi = -0.36
I = 0.07
P = 1 .98
Q = 2 .48
cos ph i = 0.62
I = 0 .0 4
P = 2.00
Q = 2.69
TI AB1 G2
U/Un = 105.00
phi = -21.86
BITCHENA 15
U/Un = 96.83
phi = -17.55
TIAB1 G3
U/Un = 100.64
phi = -21.64
P = -1.69
Q = -1.22
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.02
P = -0.00
Q = 2.85
P = -1.19
Q = -0.80
P = 1 .79
Q = 1 .21
cos phi = 0.83
I = 0 .09
P = -1.69
Q = -1.22
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.02
FINOTE SELAM 15
U/Un = 98.16
phi = -17.60
MOTA 230 BB1

U/Un = 93.20
phi = -15.13
MOTA 33
U/Un = 96.45
phi = -15.43
P = 1.33
Q = 0.90
c osphi = 0.8 3
I = 0.06
P = 1.34
Q = 0.94
cosphi = 0.82
I = 0.01
P = - 1.35
Q = -0.39
cosp hi = -0.96
P = 4.6 6
Q = 4.7 9
P = -9.29
Q = -6.24
SEKOTA 15
U/Un = 98.55
phi = -25.39
P = -0.63
Q = -0.43
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.01
P = 0.74
Q = 0.52
cosp hi = 0.82
I = 0.01
P = -0.7 4
Q = -0.5 2
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.01
SEBETA 230 BB1

U/Un = 94.98
phi = -20.16
P = - 37.96
Q = -44.87
cosp hi = -0.65
I = 0.16
ADDIS EAST I 15
U/Un = 90.36
phi = -34.75
ADDIS EAST II 15
U/Un = 96.92
phi = -27.15
P = 4.79
Q = 3.22
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.25
P = -4.83
Q = -3.72
c osphi = -0.79
I = 0.09
P = -9.52
Q = -5.04
P = 3.61
Q = 2.00
P = 0 .84
Q = 0 .59
P = -1.84
Q = - 0.65
cosp hi = -0.94
I = 0.02
P = 2 .68
Q = 1 .23
P = 2.73
Q = 1.20
P = 4.68
Q = 3.15
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.24
ADDIS EAST II 132

U/Un = 92.61
phi = -24.73
SEBETA 45B
U/Un = 89.98
phi = -29.78
P = 2.28
Q = 1.53
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.11
P = -4.72
Q = -3.64
c osphi = -0.79
I = 0.09
FINCHAA 15A
U/Un = 90.99
phi = -13.64
P = -2.28
Q = -1.53
P = -1.06
Q = -0.71
P = -2.97
Q = -1.99
FINCHA SUGAR I 15
U/Un = 96.41
phi = -15.74
P = -5.35
Q = -3.63
cosp hi = -0.83
I = 0.06
P = 2.97
Q = 1.99
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.14
P = -2.98
Q = -2.14
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.03
FINCHA SUGAR I 66
U/Un = 98.88
phi = -14.05
P = -7.76
Q = -5.61
P = 1.06
Q = 0.71
P = 32.82
Q = 10.19
cosphi = 0.95
I = 0.09
P = 7.76
Q = 5.61
FINCHAA 66
U/Un = 100.12
phi = -13.86
FINCH G1
P = -33.0 0
Q = -13.7
U/Un
= 699.00
cosphi = -0.92
phiI ==1.51-7.40
P = 32.82
Q = 10.13
c osphi = 0 .96
I = 0.09
P = -33 .00
Q = -13 .70
cosphi = -0.92
I = 1.51
P = -33.0 0
Q = -13.7 1
cosphi = -0.92
I = 1.51
P = 27.72
Q = 15.69
c osphi = 0 .87
I = 0.08
FINCH G3
U/Un = 99.00
phi = -7.37
P = 33.00
Q = 13.76
P = 33.00
Q = 13.70
G P = 33.00
Q = 13.71
P = 61.11
Q = 107.47
P = -1.25
Q = -0.84
FINCHAA 15 B
U/Un = 99.09
phi = -14.62
P = 2 0. 70
Q = 1 3. 92
cosph i = 0.83
I = 1.0 0
P = 70.20
Q = 41.67
cosphi = 0.86
I = 0.38
GEFARSA 132 BB1

U/Un = 95.28
phi = -23.39
P = 37.90
Q = 45.97
cosphi = 0.64
I = 0.16
P = 29.87
Q = 15.98
cosphi = 0.88
I = 0.16
P = 2 9.87
Q = 1 5.98
cosph i = 0.88
I = 0.1 6
P = 29.87
Q = 15.98
c osphi = 0.8 8
I = 0.16
P = -30.0 5
Q = -18.2 3
cosphi = -0.85
I = 0.09
P = -30.05
Q = -18.23
cosph i = -0.85
I = 0.0 9
P = -30.05
Q = -18.23
c osphi = -0.8 5
I = 0.09
P = 81.90
Q = 26.75
cosphi = 0.95
I = 0.23
MUGER 132
U/Un = 90.89
phi = -24.95
P = 2 9.45
Q = 1 5.80
cos phi = 0.88
I = 0 .15
DerbaTap
U/Un = 90.95
DEMBI DOLO 15
U/Un = 91.39
phi = -8.05
GAMBELA 15
U/Un = 92.52
phi = -7.85
P = -1.09
Q = -0.73
FICTITIOUS_GHE_GEF
U/Un = 97.58
phi = -16.37
P = 1.09
Q = 0.73
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.05
P = -1.09
Q = -0.12
cosphi = -0.99
I = 0.01
GAMBELA 66
U/Un = 95.99
phi = -5.42
GHEDO 230
U/Un = 98.45
phi = -15.09
P = 2.19
Q = 0.94
cosphi = 0.92
I = 0.02
P = 18.99
Q = 2.90
cosphi = 0.99
I = 0.05
P = 2.56
Q = 1.72
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.12
N1 858
U/ Un = 98 .15
METU 15
U/Un = 95.52
P = -2.56
phi = -6.92
P = -19.07
Q = 15.38
cosph i = -0.78
I = 0.06
SOR G1
U/Un = 104.00
phi = 0.00
P = 2.47
Q = 0.55
cosphi = 0.98
I = 0.02
P = -2.49
Q = -0.71
cosphi = -0.96
I = 0.48
P = -2.49
Q = -0.71
cosphi = -0.96
I = 0.48
P = 2.49
Q = 0.71
P = 2.49
Q = 0.71
P = 123.22
Q = 23.47
SOR G2
U/Un = 104.00
phi = -0.00
P = -69.44
Q = -1.61
cosp hi = -1.00
I = 0.18
P = -60 .00
Q = 26. 56
cosph i = -0.91
I = 2.7 7
P = -2.71
Q = -1.90
cos phi = -0.8 2
I = 0 .01
P = -27 .09
Q = 0. 44
cosphi = -1.00
I = 0.07
P = -1.96
Q = 4.77
cosphi = - 0.38
I = 0.02
NEKEMTE 132
U/Un = 98.54
phi = -21.25
P = -2.03
Q = -1.42
cos phi = -0.8 2
I = 0 .01
P = -2.0 4
Q = -1.4 3
cosph i = -0.82
I = 0.0 1
P = 2.01
Q = 1.35
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.10
P = 2 .0 2
Q = 1 .3 6
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.1 0
NEKEMTE 15
U/Un = 97.94
phi = -21.72
P = 60.00
Q = -26.56
P = -27.03
Q = 2.73
cosp hi = -0.99
I = 0.12
P = 0.02
Q = 18.16
P = 0.02
Q = 18.16
cos phi = 0. 01
I = 0 .02
MENDI132
U/Un = 98.67
phi = -21.58
P = 0.02
Q = 18.16
P = -4.57
Q = -3.07
P = -0.95
Q = -0.68
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.01
P = 0.93
Q = 0.63
c osphi = 0.8 3
I = 0.04
BEDELE 15
U/Un = 97.09
phi = -25.03
P = -1.86
Q = -1.25
MIZAN 132
U/Un = 94.02
phi = -23.16
GILGEL GIBE 15
U/Un = 101.06
phi = -20.11
ALABA 132
U/Un = 83.82
phi = -28.05
P = 3.46
Q = 2.33
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.16
P = -0.93
Q = -0.62
P = 0.93
Q = 0.62
MIZAN 33
U/Un = 95.39
phi = -24.93
P = -1.77
TEPI
33
Q = -1.19
U/Un = 99.27
phi = -26.55
P = 1.81
Q = 1.22
P = 1.26
Q = 0.85
P = -1.26
Q = -0.85
P = -1.81
Q = -1.22
TEPI 15
U/Un = 97.23
phi = -28.25
P = 58.55
Q = 28.94
cosphi = 0.90
I = 0.17
P = -6.74
Q = -4.85
BEDELE 132
U/Un = 97.62
phi = -21.54
P = -3.92
Q = 4.10
co sphi = -0.69
I = 0.03
KOKA 230
U/Un = 95.49
phi = -19.15
P = 58.55
Q = 28.94
cosphi = 0.90
I = 0.17
P = 6.46
Q = 4.34
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.31
DUKEM 45
U/Un = 88.84
phi = -27.95
P = 4 .85
Q = 3 .26
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.2 3
ELALA GEDA 15
U/Un = 97.49
phi = -26.55
P = 4.20
Q = 2.83
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.20
With Breake r
P = 10.35
Q = 3.90
cosphi = 0.94
I = 0.05
P = 4.44
Q = 3.38
P = 1 .22
Q = 0 .82
BONGA 33
U/Un = 97.94
phi = -24.15
MELKA WAKENA 230

U/Un = 99.57
phi = -14.87
P = -0.86
Q = -0.58
P = 27.35
Q = 9.48
c osphi = 0.9 4
I = 0.07
P = -27.50
Q = -12.08
c osphi = -0.9 2
I = 1.28
MEW A G1
U/Un = 98.00
phi = -10.62
P = -59.49
Q = -11.15
cosphi = -0.98
I = 0.15
P = 27.34
Q = 13.22
cos phi = 0.9 0
I = 0 .08
ARBAMINCH 132
U/Un = 80.07
phi = -30.36
BONGA 15
U/Un = 95.71
phi = -26.01
P = -98.86
Q = -37.15
cos ph i = -0.94
I = 4 .3 3
MEW A G2
U/Un = 99.00
phi = -10.69
Q = - 1.68
cosp hi = -0.97
I = 0.04
P = 4.04
Q = 3.57
P = 3.99
Q = 2.68
With Break er
P = 27.50
Q = 16.06
P = 98.86
Q = 37.15
P = 20.00
Q = 15.91
P = - 52.87
MEW A QG4
= -19.39
hi = -0.94
U/Un = Icosp
99.00
= 0.25
phi = -11.86
P = -6.44
Q = -4.76
cos ph i = -0.80
I = 0 .0 4
P = 6.4 0
Q = 4.3 0
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.3 1
P = -6.40
Q = -4.30
ARBAMINCH 15
U/Un = 95.51
phi = -32.80
2/3/16
P = - 1.77
Q = -0 .74
DIRE DAWA III 15

U/Un = 94.74
phi = -25.69
P = 4.09
Q = 2.84
DILLA I 45
U/Un = 79.94
phi = -33.83
KOKA G1
U/Un = 98.00
phi = -19.45
P = 11.00
Q = 4.85
P = 10.00
Q = 7.67
P = 2.05
Q = 1.38
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.10
P = 11.45
Q = 6.13
P = -13 .00
Q = -8.2 7
Q = -2.10
MELKA W AKENA YOU 15

U/Un = 95.34
P = 1.57
Q = 1.06
phi = -23.55
P = -4.12
Q = -2.61
P = 4.1 2
Q = 2.6 1
P = -4.13
Q = -2.61
P = -3.87
Q = -2.18
cosphi = -0.87
I = 0.04
P = 1 .57
Q = 1 .05
GOBESA 66
U/Un = 94.93
phi = -23.14
P = 2 .52
Q = 1 .11
P = 4 .13
Q = 2 .61
P = 2 .53
Q = 1 .12
P = 3.71
Q = 2.78
cosp hi = 0.80
I = 0.04
P = -1.18
Q = -0.05
cosphi = -1.00
I = 0.01
P = 1.17
Q = 0.85
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.01
AWASH II 15A
U/Un = 93.63
phi = -23.78
P = -3.74
Q = -0.92
cosp hi = -0.97
I = 0.02
P = 6.53
Q = 4.83
cosphi = 0.80
I = 0.04
DILLA I 15
U/Un = 86.71
phi = -35.55
P = -3.74
P = -3.7 6
Q = -2.7 3
cosph i = -0.81
I = 0.0 7
Wit h Break er
P = -1 .90
Q = 2 .40
cosph i = -0. 62
I = 0.0 2
P = 1.77
Q = 0.74
P = 2.24
Q = 1.50
P = -3.26
Q = -2.41
HAGEREMARIAM132KV
HAGEREMARIAM33KV
U/Un = 83.43
U/Un = 82.94
phi = -29.41
phi = -30.21
SHAKISSO 15
U/Un = 73.97
phi = -36.84
P = 2.23
Q = 1.50
P = 0.9 9
Q = 0.3 7
P = 3.26
Q = 2.41
SHAKISSO 66
U/Un = 76.06
phi = -34.80
P = 3.7 4
Q = 2.5 1
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.2 0
P = -3.27
Q = -2.42
P = 1.85
Q = 1.21
cos phi = 0.8 4
I = 0 .09
P = -1.1 7
Q = -0.8 5
cosph i = -0.81
I = 0.0 1
P = 1.16
Q = 0.78
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .03
P = -1.89
P = 1.89
Q = -0.74
Q = 0.74
P = -3.82
Q = -0.96
cosphi = -0.97
I = 0.03
DIRE DAWA II 15
U/Un = 100.86
phi = -26.05
P = -3.03
Q = -2.04
P = 13.00
Q = 8.14
P = 13.42
Q = 8.83
P = -6.54
Q = -4.46
cosphi = -0.83
I = 0.07
P = -1.09
Q = -1.80
co sphi = -0.52
I = 0.02
P = 6.54
Q = 4.46
cosp hi = 0.83
PI == -6.55
0.07
Q = -4.46
cosphi = -0.83
I = 0.07
P = 1.09
Q = 1.80
co sphi = 0.52
I == 0.02
P
-1.09
Q = -1.79
co sphi = -0.52
I = 0.02
P = 5.32
Q = 4.18
P = -12.00
Q = -10.16
P = 11.42
Q = 8.65
ASELA 132
U/Un = 92.35
phi = -24.38
P = - 12.42
Q = -8.74
cosp hi = -0.82
I = 0.07
P = 11.42
Q = 8.65
HARAR II 15
U/Un = 97.49
phi = -30.18
P = 3.03
Q = 2.04
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.14
P = -3.05
Q = -2.15
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.03
P = 2.78
Q = 1.87
P = -0.50
Q = -0.18
P = 2.73
Q = 1.83
AWAS2 G3
U/Un = 100.00
phi = -19.03
G
G
P = 0.50
Q = 0.18
P = -20.68
Q = -13.03
cosphi = - 0.85
I = 0.12
P = -6.80
Q = -5.40
cos phi = -0.78
I = 0 .04
P = 6 .74
Q = 4 .53
cos phi = 0.83
I = 0 .33
ASELA 15
U/Un = 95.29
phi = -28.70
BUTAJIRA 132
U/Un = 88.76
P = 3.73
phi = -25.90
Q = 2.63
BUTAJIRA 33
cosphi = 0.82
U/Un = 96.05
I = 0.02
phi = -26.82
P = -8.1 4
Q = -6.5 7
HARAR II 33
U/Un = 98.54
phi = -29.46
P = -8.12
Q = -6.56
P = 27.98
Q = 18.77
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.16
HARAR II 132
U/Un = 91.75
phi = -27.06
P = -11.71
Q = -5.64
cosphi = -0.90
I = 0.06
CHELENKO 15
U/Un = 95.94
phi = -30.57
P = -2.35
Q = -1.58
P = 12.00
Q = 10.16
P = 13.00
Q = 10.06
AWAS3 G1
U/Un = 100.00
phi = -18.77
P = 6.53
Q = 4.47
cosph i = 0.82
I = 0.07
HARAR I 66
U/Un = 98.91
phi = -28.91
P = -2.18
Q = -1.49
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.02
P = 2.16
Q = 1.36
cosphi = 0.85
I = 0.10
HARAR I 15
U/Un = 96.79
phi = -30.53
HARAR I 45
U/Un = 103.91
phi = -32.69
P = -2.1 8
Q = -1.4 9
cosph i = -0.82
I = 0.0 2
P = -2.1 8
Q = -1.4 9
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.02
P = 2.1 6
Q = 1.3 6
cosph i = 0.85
I = 0.1 0
P = 2.1 6
Q = 1.3 6
cosphi = 0.85
I = 0.10
P = -2.90
Q = -1.67
cos phi = -0.8 7
I = 0 .13
P = -3.59
Q = -2.41
P = 2.88
Q = 1.50
cos phi = 0.8 9
I = 0 .04
JIJIGA II 15
U/Un = 96.24
phi = -32.25
P = -2.88
Q = -1.50
cosp hi = -0.89
I = 0.04
P = -11.4 8
Q = -8.75
P = 1.3 5
Q = 0.9 1
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.06
JIJIGA I 45
U/Un = 96.37
phi = -33.32
P = 2.82
Q = 1.60
cosp hi = 0.87
I = 0.04
P = -1.44
Q = -0.57
cosphi = -0.93
I = 0.02
P = 1.38
Q = 1.04
cosp hi = 0.80
I = 0.02
BABILE 45
U/Un = 101.29
phi = -32.93
P = -1.3 8
Q = -1.0 4
cosph i = -0.80
I = 0.0 2
JIJIGA II 132
U/Un = 88.60
phi = -28.44
P = 1 1.48
Q = 8 .75
JIJIGA II 33
U/Un = 97.46
phi = -31.24
P = 5 .62
Q = 3 .78
BABILE 15
U/Un = 103.01
phi = -35.75
P = -1.3 7
Q = -1.0 4
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.02
P = 11.48
Q = 8.75
cosphi = 0.80
I = 0.07
P = 5.8 1
Q = 3.9 1
P = -5.81
Q = -3.91
P = -1.35
Q = -0.91
P = -2.33
Q = -1.57
P = -5.51
Q = -3.70
P = 8 .12
Q = 6 .56
P = -2.36
Q = -1.69
cos ph i = -0.81
I = 0 .0 3
HARAR II 66
U/Un = 99.22
phi = -28.89
P = 5.3 6
Q = 4.2 1
P = 8.14
Q = 6.57
P = 2.36
Q = 1.69
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.03
P = 2 .35
Q = 1 .58
cos ph i = 0.83
I = 0.1 1
P = -13.00
Q = -10.06
P = 1 3. 42
Q = 8 .83
AWASH III 15
U/Un = 94.11
phi = -23.34
P = 27.48
Q = 18.44
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.16
P = 1.28
Q = 0.86
c os phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .06
P = 3.82
Q = 0.96
cosphi = 0.97
I = 0.03
P = - 1.08
Q = -1.94
cosp hi = -0.49
I = 0.02
ALEMAYA 66
U/Un = 98.72
phi = -28.78
CHELENKO 66
U/Un = 96.85
phi = -29.04
AWASH III 132 BB1

U/Un = 96.51
phi = -22.74
P = -1.16
Q = -0.78
P = -28.58
Q = -18.37
cosp hi = -0.84
I = 0.16
P = 1.08
Q = 1.94
co sphi = 0.49
I = 0.02
P = 13.00
Q = 8.27
P = - 12.42
Q = -8.74
cosp hi = -0.82
I = 0.07
GOBESA 33
U/Un = 95.40
phi = -23.97
DIRE DAWA II 132

U/Un = 95.27
phi = -25.64
P = -1.29
Q = -0.94
c os phi = -0.8 1
I = 0 .01
P = -5.62
Q = -3.78
P = 1.3 6
Q = 0.9 1
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 6
P = -1.36
Q = -0.91
JIJIGA I 15
U/Un = 103.21
phi = -36.11
COMPUTER MODELLING OF THE INTERCONNECTED SYS TEM
Created by :
Che cked by :
Scal e : No scale
Approve d by :
P = 1.0 1
Q = 0.3 8
P = -2.00
Q = -0.74
cosphi = -0.94
I = 0.02
P = 3.27
Q = 2.42
P = 1.89
Q = 0. 74
DILLA33KV
cosphi = 0.93
I = 0.01
U/Un = 95.31
phi = -29.00
SINCAL File nam e : GGSC1

MODIFIED FROM P RP1 PROJECT 33.20/71
Va riant : P eak hours A
Date : 27.07. 2009
LOAD FLOW STUDY
ETHI OPAN ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION

ADDI S ABABA, ETHIOPI A
P = -1.88
Q = -0.69
NEGELE BORENA 66
U/Un = 71.51
phi = -35.76
P = 0.00
DILLA15B Q = 0.0 0
U/Un = 95.31
phi = -29.00
P = -4.47
Q = -3.00
P = 1.08
Q = 1.97
cosp hi = 0.48
I = 0.02
P = -2.40
Q = - 1.16
cosp hi = -0.90
I = 0.02
P = -6.74
Q = -4.53
P = 20.27
Q = 14.04
cosph i = 0.82
I = 0.12
P = -2.50
Q = -1.79
c osphi = -0.8 1
I = 0.03
P = -3.66
Q = -2.46
P = -1.8 7
Q = -1.3 7
cosph i = -0.81
I = 0.0 2
MELKA WAKENA YOU 66

U/Un = 96.16
phi = -22.83
ADAMITULU 132
U/Un = 89.19
phi = -25.66
P = -4.67
Q = -3.55
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.03
P = 31.20
Q = 20.28
cosp hi = 0.84
I = 0.17
P = -1.33
Q = -0.97
cos ph i = -0.81
I = 0 .0 1
P = -2.60
Q = -1.74
P = 8 .58
Q = 5 .77
cos ph i = 0.83
I = 0 .4 1
AWAS2 G1
U/Un = 99.00
phi = -18.70
P = 0 .48
Q = 0 .52
P = -3.87
Q = -0.69
cosphi = -0.98
I = 0.03
P = 1.32
Q = 0.88
c osphi = 0.8 3
I = 0.06
P = 3.82
Q = 0.98
cosp hi = 0.97
I = 0.03
P = 2.49
Q = 1.67
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.12
P = 12.42
Q = 8.79
co sphi = 0.82
I = 0.07
P = -1.96
Q = -1.32
P = -11.86
Q = -9.57
cosphi = -0.78
I = 0.07
P = 4.6 3
Q = 3.1 1
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.2 3
P = -8.63
Q = -6.54
cosph i = -0.80
I = 0.0 5
AWAS2 G2
U/Un = 99.00
phi = -18.63
G
P = 1.48
Q = 0.79
ROBE 15
U/Un = 92.76
phi = -25.75
P = -2.49
Q = -1.67
P = -10.50
Q = -6.29
cosphi = -0.86
I = 0.06
P = 12.45
Q = 6.33
P = 1.8 2
Q = 1.2 5
cosphi = 0.82
I = 0.09
P = 3.87
Q = 0.69
P = -13 .00
Q = -8.1 4
Q = -1.38
P = -1.8 4
Q = -1.4 1
cosph i = -0.79
I = 0.0 2
P = -8.58
Q = -5.77
P = 10.47
Q = 7.00
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.06
P = 1 1.45
Q = 6 .13
AWASH II 15B
U/Un = 95.82
P = -2.05
phi = -23.26
ROBE 66
U/Un = 91.52
phi = -23.41
WONJI 15
U/Un = 96.17
phi = -25.78
P = 8.63
Q = 6.54
cosph i = 0.80
I = 0.05
P = 12.42
Q = 8.79
cosp hi = 0.82
I = 0.07
P = 12.45
Q = 6.33
P = 14. 38
Q = 9.3 5
DIRE DAWA I 66
U/Un = 100.24
phi = -28.36
ALEMAYA 15
U/Un = 96.51
phi = -30.35
WONJI 132
U/Un = 95.92
phi = -22.97
P = -1.84
Q = -0.49
cosphi = -0.97
IP==0.01
-8.63
Q = -6.51
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.05
P = -7.99
Q = -4.38
co sphi = -0.88
I = 0.04
P = -2.07
Q = -1.46
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.01
P = -14.38
Q = -9.35
P = -10.44
Q = -7.02
P = -0.0 1
Q = -0.0 2
cosph i = -0.50
I = 0.0 0
P = 1.68
Q = -3.81
P = -7.97
Q = -5.12
co sphi = -0.84
I = 0.04
P = 7.97
Q = 5.12
cosphi = 0.84
I = 0.04
P = -28.17
Q = -17.92
cosphi = -0.84
I = 0.15
P = -1.6 5
Q = 4 .01
cosph i = -0.38
I = 0.1 6
P = -1.68
Q = 3.81
cos phi = -0.4 0
I = 0 .58
KOKA G3
U/Un = 98.00
phi = -19.81
KOKA G2
U/Un = 98.00
phi = -19.48 G
P = 11.00
Q = 4.90
P = -0.0 0
Q = -0.0 0
cosph i = 0.00
I = 0.0 0
P = 1 0.44
Q = 7 .02
MU G1
U/Un = 100.00
phi = -23.62
P = -0.1 4
Q = -1.4 8
P = -10.00
Q = -7.67
P = 2.2 4
Q = 1.5 1
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.1 1
ADAMITULU 15
U/Un = 95.27
phi = -28.68
Q = -2.51
P = 3.76
Q = 2.73
cosphi = 0.81
I = 0.07
P = -0 .02 P
P == 0.02
-0.00
Q = -0 .02 Q
Q == 0.02
-0.00
P = 0.00
Q = 0.00
P = -11 .00
Q = -4.9 0
P = -2.2 7
Q = -1.7 1
cosph i = -0.80
I = 0.0 4
MELKA WAKENA YOU 132

U/Un = 96.18
phi = -19.07
P = -12.90
Q = -9.64
cos phi = -0.8 0
I = 0 .08
DILLA 132KV
YIRGA ALEM 15
U/Un = 83.41
U/Un = 85.00
phi = -35.36 phi = -28.99
P = -1.74
Q = -0.6 5
c osphi = -0.94
P = -11.0 0
Q = -4.85
P = -31.35
Q = -20.24
co sphi = -0.84
I = 0.17
DIRE DAWA I 15
U/Un = 97.85
phi = -30.31
P = 1 .6 2
Q = -4.1 6
cosph i = 0.36
I = 0.0 2
P = 1.66
Q = -3.99
c osphi = 0 .38
I = 0.16
P = 0.06
Q = 0.73
P = 31.35
Q = 20.24
cosp hi = 0.84
I = 0.17
P = - 12.76
P == 12.76
Q
-13.50
cosp
Q
= 13.51
hi = -0.69
I = 0.08
cosp
hi = 0.69
I = 0.08
DIRE DAWA I 132

U/Un = 96.18
phi = -25.25
MU DIESEL 15
U/Un = 102.93
phi = -24.53
P = 1 0.07
Q = 8 .18
BUTAJIRA 15
U/Un = 95.55
phi = -27.23
P = 1.92
Q = -2.38
cos phi = 0 .63
I = 0.02
P = 1.74
Q = 0.65
DIRE DAWA III 132 BB1

U/Un = 96.36
phi = -25.22
P = - 31.41
Q = -20.21
cosp hi = -0.84
I = 0.17
P = -0.02
Q = -4.49
P = -2.63
Q = -1.77
KOKA 132 BB1

U/Un = 95.91
phi = -22.98
P = 1.83
Q = 0.80
cosphi = 0.92
I = 0.01
P = 0.08
Q = 0.75
P = 10. 87
Q = 3.2 3
MELKA W ALKENA 132

U/Un = 96.73
P = -3.13
phi = -18.73
P = 52.68
Q = 19.18
cosph i = 0.94
I = 0.25
P = -44.43
Q = -13.97
cosphi = -0.95
I = 0.21
P = 41.21
Q = 11.36
cosphi = 0.96
I = 0.22
SHAKISSO 132
U/Un = 80.77
phi = -30.24
P = -3.99
Q = -2.68
WOLAYITA SODDO 15
U/Un = 81.83
WOLAYITA SODDOphi
66 = -36.51
YIRGALEM15B
U/Un = 85.48
U/Un = 93.96
phi = -33.36
phi = -30.32
P = -12.77
Q = -13.38
cosphi = -0.69
I = 0.08
P = -0.02
Q = -7.43
With Br eaker
P = -1.38
Q = -0.93
P = 0.00
Q = 0.00
P = 6.44
Q = 4.76
cosp hi = 0.80
I = 0.04
P = 7.96
Q = 5.43
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.04
P = 2 .33
Q = 1 .57
P = -3.23
Q = -2.17
YIRGALEM33KV
U/Un = 94.41
phi = -29.65
P = -0.0 0
Q = -0.1 3
P = -27 .07
Q = -36 .87
P = -3.73
P = 3.7
P =31.38
Q = -2.63
Q = 2.6
Q =30.93
P = -1 .93
Q = 3 .65
cosph i = -0.4 7
I = 0.02
P = -4.04
Q = -3.57
P = 1 0.07
Q = 8 .18
KOKA HYDRO 15
U/Un = 94.45
phi = -23.51
P = 52.87
Q = 19.39
cos phi = 0 .94
I = 0.25
P = -20.00
Q = -15.91
cos phi = -0.7 8
I = 1 .08
P = 26.40
Q = 9.88
co sphi = 0.94
I = 0.15
P = -4.09
Q = -2.84
cosp hi = -0.82
I = 0.07
P = 3.23
Q = 2.17
P = 10.58
Q = 5.25
cosp hi = 0.90
I = 0.06
WOLAYITA SODO 132

U/Un = 82.12
phi = -29.15
P = -6.54
W ith Brea ker

P = 2.67
Q = 6.42
P = -0.02
Q = -0.17
P = 0 .00
Q = 0 .13
P = 10.85
Q = 3.16
P = -53.23
Q = -24.0 1
cos phi = - 0.91
I = 0.15
P = 19.88
Q = 14.02
cos phi = 0.8 2
I = 0 .06
P = -4.2 2
Q = -3.1 5
cosph i = -0.80
I = 0.0 3
P = 7 .41
Q = 6 .22
P = 10. 87
Q = 3.2 3
AWASH II 132 BB1

U/Un = 96.46
phi = -22.76
P = - 13.23
Q = -3.61
cosp hi = -0.96
I = 0.07
YIRGA ALEM 45
U/Un = 87.38
phi = -33.57
P = -1.22
Q = -0.82
P = -3.19
Q = -2.14
P = -0.0 0
Q = 0.0 0
P = 27.07
Q = 36.87
DIRE DAWA III 230

U/Un = 88.77
phi = -23.36
P = 2.3 1
Q = 1.6 6
P = -59.49
Q = -11.15
cosphi = -0.98
I = 0.15
P = 9 7.63
Q = 9 .59
cos ph i = 1.00
I = 0 .2 5
P = -27.50
Q = -16.06
cos phi = -0.8 6
I = 1 .35
P = -17.93
Q = -3.56
cosph i = -0.98
I = 0.09
P = -7.4 1
Q = -6.2 2
P = 10.00
Q = 7.50
P = 19.89
Q = 13.37
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.11
P = -2.24
Q = -1.51
AWASA 132
U/Un = 84.38
phi = -27.61
P = -4.2 4
Q = -3.1 7
cosph i = -0.80
I = 0.0 3
P = -2.31
Q = -1.66
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.04
P = -4.85
Q = -3.26
P = 1.73
Q = 1.16
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .09
SHASHEMENE 15
U/Un = 95.66
phi = -29.50
P = 17.75
Q = 4.28
cosph i = 0.97
I = 0.10
P = 19.91
P = -19.91
Q = 13.29
Q = - 13.29
cosphi = 0.83cosp hi = -0.83
I = 0.11
I = 0.11
P = 24. 31
Q = 27. 65
P = 10.85
Q = 3.16
P = 2.27
Q = 1.71
cosp hi = 0.80
I = 0.04
MODJO 15
U/Un = 93.73
phi = -29.72
P = -4.89
Q = -3.69
cosph i = -0.80
I = 0.0 3
MEWA G3
U/Un = 102. 00
phi = 0.00
P = -6.46
Q = -4.34
P = -6.49
Q = -4.70
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.04
P = -10.48
Q = 0.33
cosphi = -1.00
I = 0.05
G
P = 3.00
Q = 2.25
P = 10.00
Q = 7.50
G
G
AWASH 7 KILO 11B

U/Un = 106.93
phi = -21.43
G
G
P = 3.00
Q = 2.25
P = -19.92
Q = -13.27
co sp hi = -0.83
I = 0.11
P = 5 .97
Q = 4 .26
P
= -6.00
cos
phi = 0.8 1
Q
I ==0-4.50
.27
cos phi = -0.8 0
I = 0 .37
P = -20.00
Q = -15.00
cos phi = -0.80
I = 1 .01
P = 19.92
Q = 13.27
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.11
P = 4.3 6
Q = 3.8 5
P = 2.00
Q = 1.35
P = 2.30
Q = 1.68
cosphi = 0.81
I = 0.04
MODJO 45
U/Un = 93.11
phi = -26.99
ELALA GEDA 132

U/Un = 95.41
phi = -23.49
P = 27.50
Q = 12.08
P = 4.21
Q = 2.82
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.20
AWASH 7 KILO 132

U/Un = 96.05
phi = -24.62
P = 3.00
Q = 2.25
P = -2.30
Q = -1.68
cosphi = - 0.81
I = 0.04
P = 4.89
Q = 3.69
cosp hi = 0.80
I = 0.03
DUKEM 15
U/Un = 91.84
phi = -29.11
P = -1.75
Q = -1.29
cos phi = -0.8 1
I = 0 .03
P = - 27.68
Q = 1.86
cosp hi = -1.00
I = 0.07
P = -44.71
Q = -29.87
cosphi = -0.83
I = 0.14
P = -44.71
Q = -29.87
cosphi = -0.83
I = 0.14
P = 5.96
Q = -6.39
cos phi = 0.6 8
I = 0 .29
P = 2.64
Q = 1.90
cosphi = 0.81
I = 0.05
P = -0.87
Q = -0.63
c osphi = -0.8 1
I = 0.02
KOKA 45
U/Un = 94.89
phi = -26.97
P = 13.73
Q = 1.23
cosp hi = 1.00
I = 0.06
P = -4.89
Q = - 3.49
cosp hi = -0.81
I = 0.03
P = -8.84
Q = 2.26
cosphi = - 0.97
I = 0.04
P = -2.33
Q = -1.70
cos phi = -0.81
I = 0 .02
P = -3.08
Q = -2.32
P = 3.08
Q = 2.32
P = -3.99
Q = -2.68
P = -1.73
Q = -1.16
AWASA 15
U/Un = 96.38
YIRGA ALEM 132 phi = -30.27
U/Un = 83.16
JIMMA
15= -28.76
phi
U/Un = 95.73
P = -8.41
Q = -5.65
phi = -22.91
JIMMA 132P = 20.89

U/Un = 96.78
Q = 0.26
co sp hi = 1.00
phi = -21.01I = 0.09
DIRE DAWA DIESEL 15

U/Un = 95.46
phi = -21.81
P = 19.93
Q = 13.22
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .11
P = -19.93
Q = -13.22
co sphi = - 0.83
I = 0.11
P = -3.00
Q = -2.25
c os phi = -0.8 0
I = 0 .19
P = -4.3 6
Q = -3.8 5
P = -2.00
Q = -1.35
P = -4.63
Q = -3.11
AGARO 15
U/Un = 97.79
phi = -23.90
P = - 7.52
Q = 3.85
cosp hi = -0.89
I = 0.04
P = 12.76
Q = 13.50
cosp hi = 0.69
I = 0.08
SHASHEMENE 132
U/Un = 85.74
phi = -26.67
P = 3 .19
Q = 2 .14
P = -3.13
P
Q == 3.08
-2.04
Q
= 2.32= -0.84
cosphi
cosphi
I = 0.03 = 0.80
I = 0.04
P = 1 .77
Q = 1 .19
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 9
P = -6.00
Q = 6.02
c osphi = -0.71
I = 0.04
P = 0.86
Q = 0.58
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .04
P = 2.33
Q = 1.70
P = -2.33
cosph i = 0.81
Q = -1.70
I = 0.02
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.02
P = -10.71
P = 13.04
Q = -3.59
Q = 5.29
cosp hi = -0.95 cosph i = 0.93
I = 0.06
I = 0.07
P = -13.78
Q = -0.32
cosphi = -1.00
I = 0.06
P = -16.98
Q = -0.36
cosphi = - 1.00
I = 0.08
P = 8.83
Q = -1.66
cosp hi = 0.98
I = 0.04
P = 6.74
Q = 4.85
P = 2 .31
Q = 1 .55
cos phi = 0.83
I = 0 .11
P = 0.00
Q = 0.00
cosph i = 0.00
I = 0.00
P = 16.93
Q = 0.88
cosp hi = 1.00
I = 0.08
Q = -11.61
P = 1.75
Q = 1.29
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.03
DEBRE ZEIT I 15
U/Un = 89.36
phi = -30.31
HOSAINA 15
U/Un = 98.77
phi = -21.85
ALABA 15
U/Un = 95.19
phi = -29.91
P = 1.63
Q = 1.17
P = -1.63
Q = -1.17
P = 7.38
Q = 4.33
cosph i = 0.86
I = 0.04
P = 3.75
Q = -18.65
cosphi = 0.20
I = 0.09
P = -3.49
Q = -2.59
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.02
P = -3.46
Q = -2.33
P = 0.40
Q = -1.70
cosphi = 0.23
I = 0.01
P = -4.44
Q = -3.38
P = 4.9 1
Q = 3.3 1
P = -1.78
Q = -1.27
cosph i = -0.81
I = 0.0 2
TEPI 66
U/Un = 94.04
MIZAN 15 phi = -24.80
U/Un = 96.17
phi = -26.11
P = 4.57
P = -4.62
Q = 3.07
Q = -3.54
c osphi = 0 .83 cos phi = -0.7 9
I = 0.22
I = 0 .03
P = -5.92
Q = -0.52
cosp hi = -1.00
I = 0.03
P = -5.8 7
Q = -4.2 3
P = 5.87
Q = 4.23
MIZAN 66
U/Un = 95.67
phi = -24.65
P = -2.31
Q = -1.55
P = -2.51
Q = -1.69
P = -8.95
Q = -6.42
cos phi = -0.8 1
I = 0 .40
P = 2 .98
Q = 2 .15
cosph i = 0.81
I = 0.1 3
P = 2.37
Q = 1.15
c osphi = 0 .9 0
I = 0.11
P = 5.75
Q = 3.16
P = 3.5 9
Q = 2.4 2
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.1 7
DEBRE ZEI T II 15
U/Un = 96.50
phi = -24.82
P = -17.28
P = -1.77
Q = - 1.27
cosp hi = -0.81
I = 0.03
P = 0.77
Q = 0.52
c osphi = 0.8 3
I = 0.04
P = -6.65
Q = - 0.97
cosp hi = -0.99
I = 0.04
P = -0.00 P = -0.04
Q
3.90 Q = -7.79
P == -0.00
cos
= -0 .00
Q
= phi
-0 .00
I = 0phi
.02= 0. 00
cos
I = 0 .00
ASSOSA132
U/Un = 99.07
phi = -21.68
P = 3 .9 9
Q = 2 .6 8
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.1 9
P = 3.91
Q = -2.62
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.02
P = -0.41
Q = 5.22
cosp hi = -0.08
I = 0.02
BONGA 132
U/Un = 95.14
phi = -22.50
P = 5.87
Q = 4.23
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.03
GILGEL GIBE OLD 132 BB1

U/Un = 98.31
phi = -18.70
P = 1.9 5
Q = 1.3 1
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 9
P = -3.61
Q = -2.60
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.02
YESU FACTORY 132

U/Un = 95.25
phi = -23.97
P = 15.05
Q = 3.21
cosp hi = 0.98
I = 0.07
P = -2.69
Q = -1.87
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.05
P = -4.01
Q = -2.89
c osphi = -0.81
I = 0.07
AKAKI I 15
U/Un = 95.93
phi = -29.44
P = 0.78
Q = 0.58
cosphi = 0.80
I = 0.01
DEBRE ZEIT I 45
U/Un = 88.14
phi = -27.96
P = -3.73
Q = -2.51
P = 3.7 3
Q = 2.5 1
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.1 8
P = -1.88
Q = 2.33
cosph i = -0.63
I = 0.01
DEBRE ZEIT II 132

U/Un = 95.14
AKAKI
45
phi =I-23.98
U/Un = 90.68
phi = -27.91
P = -0.78
Q = -0.58
c osphi = -0.8 0
I = 0.01
HOSAINA 132
U/Un = 98.10
phi = -19.12
P = -3.7 7
Q = -2.8 1
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.02
P = 10.05
Q = 0.90
cosphi = 1.00
I = 0.05
P = -15.05
Q = -3.20
cosphi = - 0.98
I = 0.07
P = -0.79
Q = -0.50
P = -0.77
Q = -0.52
P = -0.00
Q = 1.75
cosphi = -0.00
I = 0.01
P = -6.44
Q = 1.71
cosp hi = -0.97
I = 0.03
P = -8.83
Q = 1.66
cosp hi = -0.98
I = 0.04
P = 7.49
Q = 5.26
cosph i = 0.82
I = 0.13
ABA SAMUEL 15
U/Un = 87.08
phi = -30.01
AWASH 7 KILO DIE 15

U/Un = 105.21
phi = -22.58
P = -2.41
Q = -1.34
cosphi = -0.87
I = 0.03
P = 27.07
Q = 36.87
cosph i = 0.59
I = 0.13
P = -7.57
Q = -5.31
cosph i = -0.82
I = 0.13
AKAKI S.P FACTORY 15

U/Un = 97.12
phi = -29.14
P = -5.05
Q = -3.40
P = 1.25
Q = 0.84
c os phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .06
BEDESA 15
U/Un = 94.01
phi = -30.36
P = -2.37
Q = -1.15
P = 2.41
Q = 1.34
co sphi = 0.87
I = 0.03
YESU FACTORY 15
U/Un = 96.90
phi = -25.73
P = -10.12
Q = 1.54
cosp hi = -0.99
I = 0.05
P = 9.18
Q = 6.21
P = 4 .66
Q = 3 .13
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.2 3
P = -9.28
Q = -6.24
P = -5.05
Q = -3.68
P = 8.99
P == -3.94
cosphi
-0.81
Q = - 3.50
Q = 7.18
I = 0.03
cosp hi = 0.93
cosp hi = -0.48
I = 0.04
I = 0.04
P = 50.51
Q = 61.30
cos phi = 0 .64
I = 0.36
P = -26.66
Q = -9.75
P = 11.58
cosphi = - 0.94
Q = 11.65
I = 0.14
cosphi = 0.71
I = 0.08
AGARO 132
U/Un = 96.93
phi = -21.30
Q = 0.62
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.04
P = -0.02
Q = 18.16
P = 5.39
Q = 4.30
P = -4.6 9
Q = -3.5 7
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.09
ABA SAMUEL 45
U/Un = 90.04
phi = -27.93
P = 1.25
Q = 0.84
c os phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .06
P = -1.27
Q = -0.94
c os phi = -0.8 0
I = 0 .01
BEDESA 66
U/Un = 92.61
phi = -27.29
P = -2.43
Q = -1.12
cosphi = -0.91
I = 0.03
P = -3.59
Q = -2.42
P = 12.84
Q = 8.63
c osphi = 0.8 3
I = 0.62
P = -4.04
Q = -2.71
GHIMBI 15
U/Un = 98.66
P = 0.05
phi
-21.85
Q ==
3.89
P = 1.68
Q = 1.13
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .08
P = 69.03
Q = 9.04
cosph i = 0.99
I = 0.18
P = -21.26
P = -1.9 7
Q = 2.02
Q = -1.4 0
cosphi = -1.00
cosph i = -0.81
I = 0.10
I = 0.0 1
P = -9.78
Q = -7.41
cosphi = - 0.80
I = 0.17
P = 9.35
Q = 7.12
cosphi = 0.80
I = 0.17
P = -9.11
Q = 6.99
co sp hi = -0.79
I = 0.05
P = -4.79
Q = -2.46
cosphi = -0.89
I = 0.05
P = -2.69
Q = -1.81
P = 8.92
Q = 5.92
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .05
P = 3.92
Q = -5.97
cosph i = 0.55
I = 0.03
P = 5.05
Q = 3.68
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.03
KALITI I 230 BB1

U/Un = 93.21
phi = -20.45 AWASH 7 KILO 11A
U/Un = 106.08
phi = -22.00
P = 44.39
Q = 36.80
cosphi = 0.77
I = 0.16
P = -12.84
Q = -8.63
P = 1.95
Q = -0.89
co sphi = 0.91
I = 0.01
P = 63.41
Q = -92.26
P = -0.02
Q = 18.16
WOLKITE 230 BB1

U/Un = 97.25
phi = -16.19
P = 1 .68
Q = 1 .13
cos phi = 0.83
I = 0 .08
P = 44.39
Q = 36.80
cosphi = 0.77
I = 0.16
P = -1.27
Q = -0.94
c os phi = -0.8 0
I = 0 .01
P = 2.3 2
Q = 1.1 2
cosph i = 0.90
I = 0.1 0
P = -0.03
Q = -0.08
phi = -29.70
AWASH 7 KILO 15
U/Un = 102.66
phi = -28.86
P = 5.32
Q = 3.81 P = 2.69
Q = 1.81
ASEBE TEFERI 15
U/Un = 95.27
phi = -31.24
P = -2.32
Q = -1.12
P = -2.34
Q = -1.37
cosphi = -0.86
I = 0.03
P = 4.77
Q = 2.49
co sphi = 0.89
I = 0.05
P = -5.75
AMIBARA 15 Q = -3.16
U/Un = 99.15
P = -5.32
Q = -3.81
P = 6.43
Q = -1.18
cosph i = 0.98
I = 0.03
P = -10.05
Q = -0.76
cosph i = -1.00
I ==0.05
P
10.05
Q = 0.76
cosph i = 1.00
I = 0.05
AKAKI S.P FACTORY 45 cosphi = - 0.84

I = 0.01
U/Un = 91.02
phi = -27.91
P = -1.70
Q = -1.25
cos phi = -0.8 1
I = 0 .03
P = - 51.20
Q = -7 0.96
cos phi = -0 .59
I = 0. 24
P = 9.52
Q = 8.04
P = -4.2 5
Q = -1. 88
cosphi = -0.91
I = 0.02
P = -0.05 P = -0.95
Q = -0.68
Q = 2.25 cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.01
cos phi = -0 .02
I = 0 .01
P = 0.93
P = 59.87
P = -0.02
Q = 14.36 P = 59.87 Q = 18.16
Q = 14.36
P = 1 .68
Q = 1 .13
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 8
P = 5.3 9
Q = 3.5 7
P = -1.95
Q = -1.31
W ith Break er
GHIMBI 132
U/Un = 98.94
phi = -21.64
P = -1.70
Q = -1.25
cos phi = -0.81
I = 0 .03
P = -1.78
Q = -1.27
c osphi = -0.81
I = 0.02
P = 3.77
Q = 1.06
cosph i = 0.96
I = 0.02
P = 27.01
Q = -2.66
cosp hi = 1.00
I = 0.12
Q = 1.87
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.04
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.04
P = -1.70
Q = -1.25
cosph i = -0.81
I = 0.0 3
P = -3.62
Q = - 2.31
cosp hi = -0.84
I = 0.04
P = -3.78
Q = 2.05
cosphi = -0.88
I = 0.02
GIGEL GIBE I 132

GIGI G3
U/Un = 98.37
U/Un = 100.00 phi = -18.59
phi = -8.16
P = 4.22
Q = 5.24
cos phi = 0 .63
I = 0.03
P = -123.22
Q = 23.47
P = -69.05
Q = - 8.66
cosp hi = -0.99
I = 0.18
ADDIS SOUTH I 15
U/Un = 93.04
phi
P= =
2.55 -31.10
WOLKITE 15
U/Un = 96.01
phi = -19.04 QP == 2.55
1.87
P = -3.50
Q = -2.35
P = 6 .59
Q = 4 .70
P = 60.00
Q = -20.92
P = 63.59
Q = 83.60
P = 63.41
Q = 92.26
P = 50.70
Q = 61.50
cos phi = 0 .64
I = 0.37
P = 1 0.85
Q = 8 .91
P = 4 .62
Q = 3 .11
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.2 3
P = 1.16
Q = 0.78
P = 27.03
Q = -2.73
cos phi = 0 .99
I = 0 .12
P = -60.00
Q = 20.92
c osphi = -0.94
I = 2.66
GIGI G2
U/Un = 99.00
phi = -8.09 G
P = -4.66
Q = -3.55
cosph i = -0.80
I = 0.0 9
GUDER 15
U/Un = 102.02
phi = -20.61
P = 10.28
Q = -0.05
cosphi = 1.00
I = 0.05
P = -51.39
Q = -71.20
cos phi = -0 .59
I = 0.24
P = 1.88
Q = -1.11
cosphi = 0.86
I = 0.01
P = 8.80
Q = -0.50
cosphi = 1.00
I = 0.04
P = -10.8 5
Q = -8.91
P = -51.11
Q = -70.86
cos phi = -0 .58
I = 0.24
P = 50.42
Q = 61.21
co sphi = 0 .64
I = 0.36
P = 1 .60
Q = 1 .38
P = 3.53
Q = 2.64
cosp hi = 0.80
I = 0.04
P = -1.76
Q = -1.19
P = -62.44
Q = -4.34
cosp hi = -1.00
I = 0.16
P = 62.42
Q = 4.74
cosp hi = 1.00
I = 0.16
P = 2.69
Q = 1.81
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.12
P = 31.80
Q = 41.91
P = 31.80
Q = -41.91
P = -41.31
Q = -35.94
cosphi = -0.75
I = 0.25
P = 9.69
Q = 8.09
P = 4 .06
Q = 2 .51
P = -2.57
KALITI I 45 BB1
Q = - 1.86
cosp hi = -0.81
U/Un = 91.71
I = 0.04
ADDIS SOUTH
I 45
phi = -27.89
U/Un = 87.72
phi = -27.89
P = - 3.80
Q = 19.03
cosp hi = -0.20
I = 0.09
P = 2.54
Q = 1.88
cosphi = 0.80
I = 0.03
P = -2.59
Q = -1.45
cosph i = -0.87
I = 0.03
METEHARA 132
U/Un = 95.68
phi = -24.31
P = 5 .03
Q = 3.38
cosp hi = 0.8 3
ASEBE TEFERI 66
U/Un = 93.67
phi = -27.15
P = - 0.00
P = -0 .00Q = -0 .00
Q = -0 .00
cosp hi = 0. 00
cosph i =I 0.00
= 0. 00
I = 0.0 0
P = 0.03
Q = 0.08
P = 2.59
Q = 1.45
P = 6.45
I = 0. 24
P = -5.0 5
Q = -13.01
P = 6.45 Q = -3. 68
= -0.81
Q = 13.01Icosphi
= 0.03
P = -65.05
Q = -139. 70
co sphi = - 0.42
I = 0.41
P = 6.45
Q = -13.01
P = 6.44
Q = -1.56
cosph i = 0.97
I = 0.03
P = 7.92
Q = 5.93
P = -2.57
Q = -1.86
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.04
P = 1.76
Q = 1.19
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.09
P = 69.07
Q = 8.28
cosphi = 0.99
I = 0.18
P = -60.0 0
Q = 26.56
cosphi = -0.91
I = 2.77
P = 60.00
Q = -26.56
P = -2.71
Q = -1.90
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.01
P = 2.69
Q = 1.81
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.12
P = -9.52
Q = -8.04
P = -10.86
Q = -7.30
P = 2.71
Q = 1.82
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .13
P = 1.7 5
Q = 1.1 2
cosph i = 0.84
I = 0.0 8
WOLKITE 66
U/Un = 95.51
phi =33-17.57
WOLKITE
U/Un = 95.35
phi = -17.75
P = 5 9.80
Q = -27.70
cos phi = 0.9 1
I = 0 .17
P = 59.79
Q = -33.94
c osphi = 0.8 7
I = 0 .18
GIGI G1
U/Un = 99.00
G phi = -8.09
P = 63.59
Q = -83.60
N1853
U/Un = 99.82
WOLISSO 15
U/Un = 95.58
phi = -20.20
P = 3.3 5
Q = 2.2 5
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.17
W ith Bre aker
P = 76.12
Q = -47.40
P = -3.3 7
Q = -2.5 2
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.04
P = 0.00
Q = -0.0 0
co sphi = 0 .00
I = 0.00
AKISTA33
U/Un = 91.79
phi = -33.41
P = -0 .02
Q = -0 .05
cosph i = -0.3 8
I = 0.0 0
AKISTA66
U/Un = 91.79
phi = -33.41
AWASH 7 KILO 66
U/Un = 97.63
phi = -27.87
P = -5.03
Q = -3.38
P = 64.92
Q = 139.4 2
co sphi = 0 .42
I = 0.41
P = -6.44
Q = 1.56
cosph i = -0.97
I = 0.03
P = 1 .71
Q = 0 .94
P = -3.5 0 P = 3 .48
Q = -2.6 0 Q = 2 .47
cosph i = -0.80
cosph i = 0.82
I = 0.2 3
I = 0.1 7
P = 3.50
Q = 2.60
P = -2.7 3
Q = -1.8 9
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.02
P = -8.29
Q = -5.57
P = 4.1 4
P = -4.17
Q = 2.7 8
Q = -2.95
cos phi = -0.8 2cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.20
I = 0 .02
P = -44.05
Q = -37.22
cosphi = - 0.76
I = 0.26
P = -9.69
Q = -8.09
P = -1.7 7
Q = -1.2 7
cosph i = -0.81
I = 0.0 2
P = 1.75
Q = 1.23
c os phi = 0.8 2
I = 0 .09
GILGEL GIBE I 230

U/Un = 98.07
phi = -13.77
P = -5.38
Q = -3.62
P = -19.07
P = 76.12
Q = 15.58
Q = -47.40
P = -1.76
Q = -1.37
cosph i = -0.79
I = 0.0 2
P = -3.35
Q = -2.25
P = 59. 79
Q = -33 .9 4
cosphi = 0.87
I = 0.18
P = -5.43
Q = -2.31
cosphi = -0.92
I = 0.03
P = -12.46
Q = 9.48
cosp hi = -0.80
I = 0.07
MEKANISSA 15
U/Un = 96.67
P = -5.42
phi = -24.32
Q = -3.64
P = -1.16
Q = -0.78
P = 5.42
Q = 3.81
cosphi = 0.82
I = 0.03
P = 8.33
Q = 5.91
cosp hi = 0.82
I = 0.05
KALITI II 15A
U/Un = 95.16
phi = -29.37
P = -25.84
Q = -21.34
cosph i = -0.77
I = 0.15
P = 15.65
Q = -5.22
co sp hi = 0.95
I = 0.08
P = 30.49
Q = 2.10
cosphi = 1.00
I = 0.14
KALITI NORTH 15
P = 65.05
U/Un FICTITIOUS_SEB_KAL
= 97.72
Q = 139.70
cosphi = 0.42
phi = U/Un
-25.32= 93.65
I = 0.41
phi = -20.37
P = -4.17
P = 4.1 4
Q = -2.95
Q = 2.7 8
I = 0 .02
I = 0.20
P = 25.75
Q = 21.41
cosph i = 0.77
I = 0.15
KALITI I 15
KALITI I DIESEL 11
U/Un = 96.76
U/Un = 98.09
phi = -28.76
phi = -27.78
P = 2 .71
Q = 1 .82
cos phi = 0.83
I = 0 .13
P = 18.01
Q = 0.16
P = 76.12
Q = 47.40
P = 31.80
Q = 42.10
P = 31.80
Q = -42.10
P = -1.13
Q = -0.76
P = -2.73
Q = -1.89
cos phi = -0.82
I = 0 .02
FITCHE 15
U/Un = 93.55
phi = -35.80
P = -1.74
Q = -1.17
DEREBEREHAN33
U/Un = 87.81
NAZRETH II 132
U/Un = 95.40
phi = -22.77
P = 6.45
Q = 13.01
P = -18.66
P = 18. 53
Q = -15.19
Q = 12. 45
I = 0 .11
I = 0.90
P = -8.33
Q = -5.89
cosphi = -0.82
I = 0.05
P = 43.99
Q = 37.15
cosphi = 0.76
I = 0.27
P = 13.20
Q = 11.99
P = 12.42
Q = - 8.91
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.07
P = -55.55
Q = - 47.54
cosp hi = -0.76
I = 0.34
KALITI I 132 BB1

U/Un = 95.20
phi = -24.10
P = 35.39
Q = 2.36
cosp hi = 1.00
I = 0.16
WOLISSO 66
U/Un = 93.08
phi = -17.81
P = 1.74
Q = 1.17
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .04
FITCHE 33
U/Un = 95.37
phi = -34.50
P = 15.86
Q = -2.80
P = 19.07
Q = 15.58
P = 76.12
Q = 47.40
P = -4.94
Q = -1.09
cosphi = -0.98
I = 0.04
P = 2.47
Q = 0.55
cosphi = 0.98
I = 0.02
P = 1.13
Q = 0.76
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.06
MEKANISSA 132
U/Un = 95.05
phi = -23.68
FITCHE 66
U/Un = 87.33
phi = -33.26
AKISTA 132
U/Un = 80.32
phi = -33.41
P = -0.00
Q = 0.00
co sphi = 0 .00
I = 0.00
METEHARA 15
U/Un = 96.46
phi = -25.92
P = -36.82
Q = -24.74
KALITI NORTH 132

U/Un = 94.97
phi = -24.17
P = -35.66
Q = -31.26
cosphi = - 0.75
I = 0.22
P = 0.00
Q = 0.00
P = -13.20
Q = -11.99
WEREGENU 15
U/Un = 95.22
phi = -30.12
P = -18.41
P = 18. 28
Q = -14.99
Q = 12. 29
I = 0 .11
I = 0.89
P = 37.07
Q = 30.18
P = 40.67 cosp hi = 0.78
Q = 35.19 I = 0.23
cosphi = 0.76
I = 0.25
P = 1 3.10
Q = 9 .97
P = 1 2.50
Q = 8 .40
cos phi = 0.83
I = 0 .60
KALITI II 132
U/Un = 94.60
phi = -24.28
GEFARSA 66
U/Un = 97.64
phi = -32.62
P = -1.75
Q = -1.24
cos phi = -0.8 2
I = 0 .02
P = -3.18
Q = -2.14
GUDER 132
U/Un = 98.67
phi = -19.57
WEREGENU 132
U/Un = 92.15
phi = -25.00
P = - 13.10
Q = -9.97
cosp hi = -0.80
I = 0.24
KALITI II 45
U/Un = 89.52
phi = -28.88
KALITI II 15B
U/Un = 96.58
phi = -27.12
P = -12.50
Q = -8.40
P = -12.55
Q = -9.42
cos phi = -0.80
I = 0 .07
P = 5.6 9
Q = 3.2 5
cosph i = 0.87
I = 0.0 6
P = -62.42
Q = -4.74
cosp hi = -1.00
I = 0.16
P = -10.43
Q = 5.12
cosph i = -0.90
I = 0.05
P = 54.62
Q = 46.01
cosp hi = 0.76
I = 0.34
SEBETA 66
U/Un = 101.87
phi = -30.75
P = -6.5 9
Q = -4.7 0
GHEDO 132
U/Un = 99.14
phi = -19.37
Q = -1.72
SOR 66
U/Un = 101.90
phi = -3.27
GEFARSA 45
U/Un = 98.87
phi = -28.21
P = -5.77
Q = -3.94
cosphi = -0.83
I = 0.09
P = 0.00
Q = 0.00
cos phi = 0 .00
I = 0.00
P = -3.34
Q = -2.48
c osphi = -0.80
I = 0.02
DEBRE BIRHAN 15
U/Un = 95.69
P = -3.31
phi = -30.85
Q = -2.23
DEREBEREHAN15B
U/Un = 87.81
P = -3.47
Q = -4.89
cosphi = -0.58
IP==0.03
-37.21
Q = -30.30
cosphi = -0.78
I = 0.23
P = 12.82
Q = 9.77
cosp hi = 0.80
I = 0.24
COMBOLCHA 132
U/Un = 80.03
phi = -33.32
P = 0. 02
Q = 0 .05
cosph i = 0.38
I = 0.0 0
AMIBARA 66
U/Un = 95.56
phi = -28.00
P = -12.82
Q = -9.77
cos ph i = -0.80
I = 0.2 4
P = -7.41
Q = -4.98
P = -0 .02
Q = 2 .41
cosph i = -0.0 1
I = 0.0 1
P = -1.55
Q = -1.04
P = 3.31
Q = 2.23
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.16
Q = -5.65
cosp hi = -0.97
I = 0.11
P = 3.46
Q = 4.99
cosp hi = 0.57
I = 0.03
P = 15.39
Q = 8.39
cosphi = 0.88
I = 0.10
P = 1.55
Q = 1.04
c osphi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .07
P = -17.85
Q = -5.51
cosphi = -0.96
I = 0.09
P = 21.19
Q = 7.99
cosp hi = 0.94
I = 0.11
P = 14.14
Q = 9.50
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.68
P = -21.94
P = -27 .31
Q = -23 .01
cosph i = -0.76
I = 0.1 7
P = -4.81
Q = -0.39
cosphi = -1.00
I = 0.02
P = 2.0 7
Q = 1.3 9
P = -2.07
Q = -1.39
P = -2.59
Q = -1.96
c osphi = -0.80
I = 0.03
P = 4.86
Q = 1.32
cosphi = 0.97
I = 0.04
P = -14.35
Q = -12.98
cos phi = -0.7 4
I = 0 .09
P = 1 2.76
Q = 8 .57
cos ph i = 0.83
I = 0.6 3
P = 27. 07
Q = 18. 20
cosph i = 0.83
I = 1.3 4
ADDIS CENTER 132

U/Un = 92.50
phi = -24.90
P = 2.73
Q = 1.84
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .13
P = 7.6 6
Q = 5.3 9
P = -7.66
Q = -5.39
P = -7.70
Q = -5.41
SHOA ROBIT 15
U/Un = 96.55
phi = -31.13
P = -16.00
Q = -5.71
cosph i = -0.94
I = 0.09
P = 17.56
Q = 6.82
cosphi = 0.93
I = 0.10
DEBRE BIRHAN 132

U/Un = 87.81
phi = -28.31
P = -30.58
Q = -1.97
cosphi = -1.00
I = 0.14
P = -18.01
Q = 0.16
GHEDO 15
U/Un = 97.59
phi = -15.38
P = -2.28
Q = 0.64
cosphi = -0.96
I = 0.02
METU 66
U/Un = 100.23
phi = -3.72
GEDJA 15
U/Un = 94.15
phi = -32.23
P = -83.22
Q = -17.2 6
co sphi = - 0.98
I = 0.22
P = 82.24
Q = 14.20
cosph i = 0.99
I = 0.21
P = -0.00
Q = -0.01
co sphi = - 0.18
I = 0.00
P = 9.11
Q = 6.22
P = -3.34
Q = - 2.28
cosp hi = -0.83
I = 0.05
Q = 3.76
cosphi = 0.81
I = 0.06
P = 82.91
Q = 19.8 6
c osphi = 0.97
I = 0.22
P = -9.89
= -9.56
P = 9Q.89
Q = 9 .56
COTOBIE 45
U/Un = 88.43
phi = -31.25
ADDIS CENTER 15
U/Un = 94.03
NEFAS SILK 45
phi = -31.06
U/Un = 87.64
phi = -28.88
P = -27.3 1
Q = -23.0 0
cosphi = -0.76
I = 0.17
P = -2.74
Q = -1.96
cos phi = -0.8 1
I = 0 .04
P = 2.73
Q = 1.84
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.13
DESSIE 15
U/Un = 95.47
P = -5.47
phi = -37.34
Q = -3.67
COMBOLCHA
15
U/Un = 92.44
phi = -35.21
P = 3.7 0
Q = 2.4 9
SHOA ROBIT 132

U/Un = 85.51
phi = -29.94
P = 1 .3 0
Q = 0 .8 7
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 7
P = -14.14
Q = -9.50
G
P = -0.0 0
Q = -0.0 0
P = -1.60
P = - 1.60
Q = -1.17
Q = -1 .17
cos phi = -0 .81cosp hi = -0. 81
I = 0 .03
I = 0. 03
P = 1.59
P = 1 .59
Q = 1.07
Q = 1.07
cos phi = 0 .83 cosp hi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .08
I = 0. 08
P = 5.12
ADDIS ALEM 15
U/Un = 94.00
phi = -28.86
P = -82.91
Q = -19.86
co sphi = -0.97
I = 0.22
Q = 15.36
P = -0.00
Q = 0.00
cos phi = 0 .00
I = 0.00
GEFARSA 15B
P = -5.53
U/Un
= 104.05
Q = -3.71
phi = -29.31
P = 5.53
Q = 3.71
P = -5.69
Q = -3.25
cosphi = - 0.87
I = 0.06
ADDIS ALEM 45
U/Un = 94.74
phi = -28.29
P = -61.28
Q = -69.24
P = 1.07
Q = 0.80
cosphi = 0.80
I = 0.01
P = -1.10
Q = -0.82
cos phi = -0.8 0
I = 0 .01
P = 9.2 6
Q = 6.2 2
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.4 6
P = 3.20
Q = 2.33
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.05
P = -61.28
Q = -69.24
P = -1.07
Q = -0.80
c os phi = -0.8 0
I = 0 .01
DEMBI DOLO 66
U/Un = 94.82
phi = -5.62
P = 12.57
Q = 8.45
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.65
P = -8 .66
Q = -4 .67
cosph iP== -0.8
14.858
P = -4 .75
Q = -3 .19
P = 4.75
Q = 3.19
P = 7.96
Q = 5.35
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.39
MUGER 15
U/Un = 95.63P = -15.91
phi = -29.93Q = -10.69
P = -9.3 5
Q = -7.1 9
cosph i = -0.79
I = 0.1 7
P = -15.73
Q = 6.06
cosp hi = -0.93
I = 0.08
GEFARS A 15A
U/Un = 96.44
phi = -25.82
P = 14.73
Q = 12.23
P = 7.96
Q = 5.35
c os phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .39
P = 61.28
Q = 69.24
P = 61.28
Q = 69.24
P = 1.07
Q = 0.72
c os phi = 0.8 3
I = 0 .05
P = -14.7 3
Q = -12.2 3
P = 4.7 7
Q = 3.5 3
P = -8.03
Q = -6.53
cosphi = -0.78
I = 0.05
P = -0.95
Q = -0.65
P = -1.07
Q = -0.72
P = -4.7 7
Q = -3.5 3
P = -1 7.02
Q = -1 3.68
cosph i = -0.7 8
I = 0.1 1
P = 17. 01
Q = 13 .70
cosphi = 0.78
I = 0.11
P = -8.03
Q = -6.53
cos phi = -0.78
I = 0 .05
P = 0.95
Q = 0.65
P = -61.11
Q = -107.47
P = - 1.15
P = 12.84
Q = 14.00
cosphi = 0.68
I = 0.28
P = -12.7 3
Q = -10.3 6
cosphi = -0.78
I = 0.24
P = 4.81
Q = 0.83
cosp hi = 0.99
I = 0.02
P = -17.48
Q = -11.54
co sphi = -0.83
I = 0.10
P = -29.63
Q = -18.02
cos phi = -0.85
0 .09
P I== 17.02
Q = 13.68
co sp hi = 0.78
I = 0.11
P = 9.24
Q = 3.54
cosphi = 0.93
I = 0.14
P = 3.7 1
Q = 2.4 9
COTOBIE 132
U/Un = 92.67 COTOBIE 15B
U/Un = 96.83
phi = -24.82
phi = -33.01
P = 0.00
Q = -0.00
P = 9.87
Q = 7.58
P = -1.14
Q = -0.83
c osphi = -0.81
I = 0.02
P = -71.14
Q = -43.34
cosphi = -0.85
I = 0.38
P = 28.00
Q = 20.58
GEFARSA 230
U/Un = 94.53
phi = -20.32
P = -54.16
Q = -36.39
P = 27. 08
Q = 18. 19
cosphi = 0.83
I = 1.34
P = -2.75
Q = -1.96
c osphi = -0.81
I = 0.04
P = -7.87
Q = -4.88
cosphi = -0.85
I = 0.09
P = 3.9 2
Q = 2.4 3
P = 3.95
Q = 2.45
P = 7.7 0
Q = 5.4 1
P = -1.3 1
Q = -0.9 2
cosph i = -0.82
I = 0.0 2
P = -1.56
Q = -1.11
c osphi = -0.81
I = 0.01
COTOBIE 15A
ADDIS EAST I 45U/Un = 87.71
phi = -31.54
U/Un = 85.59
P = -9.87
Q = -7.58
phi = -31.23
COMBOLCHA 66
U/Un = 85.92
phi = -35.96
P = 1 .04
P = -1.05
Q = 0 .70
Q = -0.77
cosph i = 0.83c osphi = -0.8 1
I = 0.0 6
I = 0.01
P = 1.31
Q = 0.92
cosp hi = 0.82
I = 0.02
ENDASELASI E 66
U/Un = 78.79
phi = -30.51
ENDASELASIE 15
U/Un = 86.47
phi = -31.51
NEFAS SILK 15
U/Un = 93.24
phi = -32.03
SEBETA I 132
U/Un = 95.36
phi = -23.31
P = -35.40
Q = -2.36
cosphi = -1.00
I = 0.16
ADDIS WEST 15A

ADDIS WEST 15B
U/Un = 90.10
U/Un = 92.39
P = 1.14
P = -12.57P = -9.26 phi = -33.74
phi = -35.36
Q = 0.83
Q = -8.45Q = -6.22
cosp hi = 0.81
GEDJA 45
I = 0.02
U/Un = 91.48
phi = -30.80
P = -28.48
Q = - 7.35
cosp hi = -0.97
I = 0.14
P = -20.86
Q = -17.17
c os phi = -0.7 7
I = 0 .13
P = -20.87
Q = -17.15
cos phi = -0.7 7
I = 0 .13
ADDIS NORTH 132

U/Un = 93.12
phi = -24.32
FINCH G4
U/Un = 104.00
phi = -5.72
P = -28 .00
Q = -20 .58
cosphi = -0.81
I = 1.40
FINCH G2
U/Un = 99.00
phi = -7.37
P = 6 .61
Q = 4 .50
P = -1.26
Q = -0.88
c osphi = -0.8 2
I = 0.01
P = -82.85
Q = -8.49
co sphi = -0.99
I = 0.21
P = 32. 82
Q = 10. 13
cosphi = 0.96
I = 0.09
P = 2 0.71
Q = 1 3.91
cos phi = 0.8 3
I = 1 .00
P = 1.25
Q = 0.84
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.06
P = -2.31
Q = - 1.60
cosp hi = -0.82
I = 0.02
P = 5.30
Q = 3.74
cosp hi = 0.82
I = 0.06
P = -13.69
Q = -14.62
cosph i = -0.68
I = 0.28
ADWA 66
U/Un = 79.99
phi = -30.03
P = - 1.32
Q = -0.42
cosp hi = -0.95
I = 0.02
ADIGRAT 66
U/Un = 82.21
phi = -28.13
P = 1.28
Q = 0.86
P = -2.56
Q = -1.72
P = 35.14
Q = 30.84
cosp hi = 0.75
I = 0.22
P = -23 .7 0
Q = -26 .6 8
P = 7.70
Q = 4.84
cosphi = 0.85
I = 0.09
P = - 2.20
Q = -0.93
cosp hi = -0.92
I = 0.02
P = 2.11
Q = 1.54
cosphi = 0.81
I = 0.03
P = -2.09
Q = -1.41
P = 39.99
Q = 24.07
P = 8 .66
Q = 4 .67
Q = -0.73
SEBETA
45A
cosp hi = -0.84
0.02
U/Un =I =92.61
phi = -30.75
ADDIS WEST 45
U/Un = 87.71
phi = -30.20
P = -41.41
Q = -27.83
ADDIS NORTH 15
U/Un = 95.67
phi = -29.82
P = 61.11
Q = 107.47
P = -35.59
Q = -32.01
cos phi = -0 .74
I = 0.12
FINCHAA 230
U/Un = 99.79
phi = -12.53
FINCHA SUGAR II 15
U/Un = 94.60
phi = -16.68
P = 9.45
Q = 3.68
P = -9.45
Q = -3.68
cosp hi = -0.93
I = 0.14
P = 2.31
Q = 1.71
cosph i = 0.80
I = 0.03
P = 0.00
Q = -0.00
P
P=
= 1.28
1.29
Q
Q=
= 0.86
0.91
ADIGRAT 15
U/Un = 81.78
phi = -28.53
P = 2 .16
Q = 1 .45
cos ph i = 0.83
I = 0 .1 1
P = 0.65
Q = 0.20
P = 7.58
Q = - 7.64
cosp hi = 0.70
I = 0.05
P = -39.99
Q = -24.07
P = 23.70
Q = 26.68
SEBETA cosphi
15II = 0.83
I = 0.55
U/Un = 93.16
phi = -25.12
P = -11.07 SEBETA 15III
Q = -7.44
U/Un = 96.59
phi = -32.67
P = 0 .00
Q = 0 .00
FINCHA SUGAR II 66
U/Un = 98.49
phi = -14.11
P = -2.31
Q = -1.71
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.03
P = -1.29
Q = -0.91
P = -12.76
Q = -8.57
P = -11 .10
Q = -8 .06
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.06
P = 11. 07
Q = 7. 44
P = 9.52
Q = 5.04
P = 35.52
Q = 35.04
cos phi = 0 .71
I = 0.13
P = -35.52
Q = - 35.04
cosp hi = -0.71
I = 0.13
FICTITIOUS_FIN_DEB
U/Un = 99.07
phi = -12.86
P = 0.67
Q = 0.22
P = 2.58
Q = 1.81
cosp hi = 0.82
I = 0.02
P = -2.17
Q = -1.53
cos ph i = -0.82
I = 0 .0 1
P = 9.55
Q = 7.37
cosp hi = 0.79
I = 0.18
DESSIE 66
U/Un = 83.82
phi = -36.14
WOLDIA 66
U/Un = 79.73
phi = -36.58
P = 1 .05
P = -1.06
Q = 0 .71
Q = -0.78
cosph i = 0.83c osphi = -0.8 1
I = 0.0 6
I = 0.01
P = 2.5 0
Q = 1.6 8
cosphi = -0.79
I = 0.18
P = -9.47
Q = -6.37
P = -40.00
Q = -24.05
P = 40.00
Q = 24.05
WOLDIA 15
U/Un = 82.63
phi = -38.48
P = -4.95
Q = -3.33
P = 3.16
Q = 2.09
P = -1.30
Q = -0.87
P = -7.58
Q == 7.58
P
7.84
Q = -7.79
cosphi
= -0.70
I = 0.05 = 0.70
cosphi
I = 0.05
P = -7.58
Q = 7.79
cosphi = -0.70
I = 0.05
P = 28.38
Q = 7.49
cosp hi = 0.97
I = 0.14
P = 61.77
Q = 18.38
cosphi = 0.96
I = 0.17
P = 2.4 6
Q = 1.6 5
P = 0.00
Q = -0.00
P = -2.16
Q = -1.45
P = 10.36
Q = 6.95
c osphi = 0 .83
I = 0.50
P = -10.40
Q = -7.67
c osphi = -0.8 0
I = 0.06
ADWA 15
U/Un = 79.12
phi = -30.87
P = -3.16
Q = -2.09
P = 3.15
Q = 2.08
P = -1.29
Q = -0.91
P = 1.29
Q = 0.91
P = 0.7 4
Q = 0.5 0
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 3
P = -20.70
Q = -13.91
P = -65.44
Q = -140.51
cosphi = -0.42
I = 0.41
P = -3.15
Q = -2.08
P = 6.31
Q = 4.18
cosp hi = 0.83
I = 0.04
ADIGRAT 132
U/Un = 82.99
phi = -27.39
I = 0.01
WUKRO 15
U/Un = 91.93
phi = -27.69
P = 0 .62
Q = 0 .42
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 3
P = 3.59
Q = 2.00
P = -1.72
Q = -1.16
P = -3.56
Q = -1.78
cosphi = -0.89
I = 0.04
P = 6 .99
Q = 4 .70
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.8 5
WUKRO 132
U/Un = 83.32
phi = -27.14
P = 0.8 8
Q = 0.5 6
DEBRE MARKOS 66
U/Un = 95.21
phi = -15.98
P = -7.02
Q = -5.10
cos phi = -0.8 1
I = 0 .05
P = -0.02
Q = -3.34
P = -0.62
Q = -0.42
P = 0.63
LALIBELA 66 LALIBELA 15
Q = 0.43
cosphi = 0.82
U/Un = 98.85 U/Un = 98.24I = 0.01
phi = -25.21 phi = -25.66
P = 1 0. 35
Q = 6 .96
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.5 0
P = -3.61
Q = -2.00
P = 6.9 9
Q = 4.7 0
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.85
P = -2.59
Q = 0.01
cosp hi = -1.00
I = 0.01
P = -2.17
Q
-1.49
P == 2.17
cosp
hi = -0.82
Q
= 1.53
I = 0.01
cosp
hi = 0.82
ADWA 132
U/Un = 81.82
phi = -28.13
P = -13.98
Q = -9.40
P = -7.02
Q = -5.10
cos phi = -0.8 1
I = 0 .05
P = 4.76
Q = 1.48
cosph i = 0.95
I = 0.03
P = -4.77
Q = -0.49
cosphi = - 0.99
I = 0.03
P = 4 .66
Q = 4 .79
P = -0.05
Q = -11.77
P = -0.05
Q = -13.98
P = -3.59
Q = -2.00
P = 14.04
Q = 10.19
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.09
P = -6.39
Q = -0.61
cosphi = - 1.00
I = 0.03
P = 17. 37
P = 12. 63
Q = 15. 75
Q = 9.7 8
MAYCHEW 15
U/Un = 97.46
phi = -25.72 MEKELE 15
P = -1.33
U/Un = 81.70
Q = -0.90
phi = -28.02
SEKOTA 66
U/Un = 99.06
phi = -25.01
PI == 0.06
28.37
Q = 7.51
cosph i = 0.97
PI == -28.38
0.14
Q = -7.49
cosphi = -0.97
I = 0.14
DEBRE MARKOS 230

U/Un = 96.54
phi = -13.85
P = -14.06
Q = -10.08
cosphi = - 0.81
I = 0.09
P = -0.03
Q = -8.39
P = -0.74
Q = -0.50
P = -28.03
Q = -25.54
cosphi = -0.74
I = 0.10
= 35.29
DEBRE MARKOS QP15
= 43.51
cosph i = 0.63
U/Un = 94.89
I = 0.15
phi = -16.29
P = -61.11
Q = -107.47
P = -1.34
Q = -0.94
c osphi = -0.8 2
I = 0.01
P = 2 .73
Q = -0.82
P = -10.3 9
Q = -7.68
cosphi = -0.80
P = 1.81
Q = 1.31
cosp hi = 0.81
I = 0.02
P = 3.37
Q = 2.44
cosphi = 0.81
I = 0.04
P = -3.35
Q = -2.25
P = 4.01
Q = 0.15
P = 1.26
Q = 0.84
P = -1.81
Q = -1.31
cos phi = -0.81
I = 0 .02
P = 1.68
Q = 1.13
cosphi = 0 .83
I = 0.08
P = 1.6 8
Q = 1.1 3
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.0 8
P = -4.01
Q = -0.15
ALAMATA 15C
U/Un = 97.32
phi = -23.12
P == -1.2
1.1 91
P
Q == -0.8
0.8 06
Q
cosphii =
= -0.81
0.83
cosph
0.03
II == 0.0
0
P = 27.78
Q = 38.66
cosphi = 0.58
I = 0.13
P = -1.79
Q = -1.21
BITCHENA 66
U/Un = 93.01
FINOTE SELAM 66 phi = -16.23
U/Un = 89.82
phi = -16.42
P = 0.00
Q = 0.00
c osphi = 0 .00
I = 0.00
P = 2.00
Q = 0.08
P = - 0.75
Q = 0.71
cosp hi = -0.73
I = 0.01
P = 26.30
Q = 46.02
cosphi = 0.50
P = -0.05I = 0.15
Q = -12.16
P = 1.84
P = 12.63
Q = 9.78
P = -0.04
Q = -11.12
MAYCHEW 66
U/Un = 98.59
phi = -24.89
ALAMATA 66
U/Un = 99.53
phi = -24.72
P = - 0.63
Q = 0.50
cosp hi = -0.78
I = 0.01
P = 43.64
Q = 16.69
cosphi = 0.93
I = 0.13
P = - 26.57
Q = -37.80
cosp hi = -0.58
I = 0.12
P = 17.37
Q = 15.75
P = - 2.11
ALAMATA 15A
I = 0.01
U/Un = 99.21
ALAMATA 15B phi = -25.03
U/Un = 97.32
P = -1.26
phi = -23.12Q = -0.84
P = 2.02
Q = 0.15
P = 0.00
Q = -0.00
P = 0.00
Q = -0.00
P = -7.55
Q = -3.70
P = 7.55
Q = 3.70
P = 3.04
Q = -0.85
P = -2.40
= 5.11
QQ
= -1.76
cosphi
cosph= i-0.81
= 0.34
I = 0.04
P = 2 .38
Q = 1 .60
cosph i = 0.83
I = 0.1 1
P = 2.0 2
Q = 0.1 5
P = -2.02
Q = -0.15
BAHIR DAR II 132

U/Un = 97.45
phi = -13.30
P
= -2.i 97
cosph
= 0.96
I = =0.03
Q
1. 53
cosphi = -0.89
I = 0.03
BAHIR DAR I 45
U/Un = 96.94
phi = -21.13
P = -2.40
Q = -1.76
cos phi = -0.8 1
I = 0 .04
P = 2 .00
Q = 0 .08
W ith Brea ker
P = -7.5 5
Q = -3.7 0
P = 7.55
Q = 3.70
P = -0.07
Q = -0.68
cosph i = -0.11
I = 0.01
BAHIR DAR I 66
U/Un = 96.43
phi = -20.41
P = -2.02
Q = -0.15
P = 25.70
Q = -25.17
cosph i = 0.71
I = 0.16
P = 25.70
Q = -25.17
cosph i = 0.71
I = 0.16
P = -25.73
Q = 2 5.21
P = -25.67
Q = 2 5.13
P = 24.37
Q = 28.55
P = 24.37
Q = -28.55
P = -17.37
Q = -15.75
P = -17.37
Q = -15.75
ALAMATA 132
U/Un = 97.33
phi = -23.12
MESSOBO 6
U/Un = 95.56
phi = -28.89
MEKELE 132
U/Un = 83.61
phi = -26.86
Q = 9.80
P = 39.00
cosp hi = -0. 21
Q = 23.01
cosphi = 0.86I = 0. 03
I = 0.13
P = 1.21
Q = 0.77
P = 24.39
Q = -28.5 8
P = 2.8 6
Q = 1.9 2
P = -2 .11
Q = 9 .80
cosph i = -0. 21
I = 0.0 3
P = -39.55
Q = -4.62
cosphi = -0.99
I = 0.11
P = 24. 39
Q = 28. 58
P = -14.75
Q = 0.10
cosp hi = -1.00
I = 0.04
P = 2.8 6
Q = 1.9 2
P = 4.58
Q = 1.01
P = -3.05
Q = 0.90
cosp hi = -0.96
I = 0.03
P = -26.13
Q = 25.48
cosphi = -0.72
I = 0.17
MESSOBO 132
U/Un = 83.36
phi = -26.96
MEKELE 230
U/Un = 86.10
phi = -25.26
S
P = 2.11
Q = 1.5 2
c osphi = 0.81
I = 0.01
P = -4 .19
Q = -2 .89
cosph i = -0.8 2
P = 2.11
Q = 1.52
cos phi = 0. 81
I = 0 .01
P = -2.38
Q = -1.60
P = 1.17
Q = 0.83
TEKEZE6.6KV
U/Un = 84.95
phi = -26.68
ALAMATA 230
U/Un = 88.57
phi = -23.01
P = 33.82
Q = 13.55
cosphi = 0.93
I = 0.17
P = 4.19
P = -4.2 2
P = 0.00
Q = 2.89
Q = -3 .03
Q = 0.00
cos phi = 0 .82
cosphi = -0.81
cos phi = 0 .00 I = 0 .52
I = 0.02
I = 0.00
With Br eaker
BAHIR DAR II 15B

U/Un = 96.67
phi = -13.36
P = 3.92
Q = 2.63
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.19
TIAB2 G2
U/Un = 102.00
phi = -5. 39
P = -34 .00
Q = -18 .27
cosphi = -0.88
I = 2.08
P = -26.13
Q = 25.48
cosph i = -0.72
I = 0.17
TEKEZE66KV
U/Un = 85.18
W ith Break er
TIS ABAY II 132

U/Un = 96.43
phi = -11.72
P = 0.07
Q = 1.23
cosphi = 0.05
I = 0.01
P = -2.7 3
Q = -2.0 0
cosphi = -0.81
I = 0.03
P = 18. 43
Q = -64 .49
cosph i = 0.27
I = 0.3 0
P = 5.69
Q = 3.27
cosph i = 0.87
I = 0.06
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.05
P = -33.99
Q = 62.20
cos phi = -0.4 8
I = 3 .82
BAHIR DAR II 230 BB1

U/Un = 90.04
phi = -16.01
WERETA 66
U/Un = 95.89
phi = -20.07
P = 34.00
Q = 18.27
TI AB2 G1
With Br eaker
U/Un = 102. 00
phi = 0.95
P = -0.05
Q = -11.80
P = 1.68
Q = 1.22
cosphi = 0.81
I = 0.02
P = -1.74
Q = -0.29
cosphi = -0.99
I = 0.02
DANGLA 66
U/Un = 89.12
P = -3.94
phi = -21.19
Q = -2.98
P = 34.00
Q = -62.20
P = -2.31
Q = -4.38
cos phi = -0.4 7
I = 0.02
I = 0.07
P = -14.60
Q = - 8.49
cosp hi = -0.86
I = 0.05
P = -1.68
Q = -1.22
c osphi = -0.8 1
I = 0.02
P AW E 66
U/Un = 85.63
phi = -21.79
GONDER II 230
U/Un = 88.70
phi = -16.71
P = 2.28
Q = 4 .11
cos phi = 0.4 9
I = 0.19
P = 14.60
Q = 8.49
P = 14.65
cosphi = 0.86
Q = 20.29
I = 0.05
cosp hi = 0.59
TEKEZE 230
U/Un = 86.45
phi = -25.43
P = 9.04
Q = 6.08
P = -14 .60
Q = -8.4 9
P = 1.67
Q = 1.12
c osphi = 0 .8 3
I = 0.08
P = -9.04
Q = -6.08
P = 14.60
Q = 8.49
P = -1.67
Q = -1.12
PAWE 15
U/Un = 93.42
phi = -23.09
W ith Bre aker
P = -2.74
Q = 0.08
cosphi = - 1.00
I = 0.02
With Breake r
P = 0.61
Q = 0.41
c osphi = 0 .8 3
I = 0.03
GONDER I 15A
U/Un = 97.55
phi = -19.77
GONDER II 66
U/Un = 98.90
phi = -19.00
P = 2.66
Q = 0.77
cosp hi = 0.96
I = 0.03
P = 2.75
Q = 1.38
cosphi = 0.89
I = 0.03
P = -0.6 2
Q = -0.4 6
cosphi = -0.80
I = 0.01
W ith Break er
P = 1.48
Q = 0.99
cosphi = 0.83
I = 0.07
GONDER I 66
U/Un = 98.70
phi = -19.02
P = -0.61
Q = -0.41
DABAT 66
U/Un = 97.17
phi = -19.20
With B reaker
DABAT 15
U/Un = 94.35
phi = -21.08
P = -1.48
Q = -0.99
P = 1.90
Q = 1.38
cosphi = 0.81
I = 0.03
P = -1.90
Q = -1.38
P = -1.22
Q = -0.82
NEGELE BORENA 15
U/Un = 79.91
phi = -37.39
P = 1 .22
Q = 0 .82
P = 1.9 0
Q = 1.3 8
P = 0.66
Q = 0.44
P = -0.66
Q = -0.44
NEGELE BORENA 33
U/Un = 80.50
phi = -36.89
73
C a ir o
Asw an
M e ro w e
A s m a ra
K h a rto u m
G e d a re f
S h ir e
D jib o u ti
T ekeze
S hehedi
B e le s
D J IB O U T I
G onder
B e rb e ra
B .D a r
H a rg e s s a
R o s e r ie s
S O M A L IL A N D
M andaya
K oka
D .D a w a
M .W a k e n a
G G -I
G D -0 3
G G -II
G D -0 6
G D -0 8
G G -III
M o g a d is h u
M ega
370 km
465 km
F in c h a a
LEG EN D
K is im a y o u
220 kV
LEG EN D
230 kV
S u b s ta t io n a t 2 3 0 k V a n d a b o v e
2 3 0 k V S u b - m a r in e C a b le
N a ir o b i
400 kV
S u b s ta tio n w ith G e n e r a t io n F a c ilit y

( S w it c h y a r d a t 2 3 0 k V a n d a b o v e )
Tow n
500 kV
2/3/16
H V D C L in k
A C / D C S t a tio n
(C o n v e rte r/In v e rte r)
74
Renaissance dam
63-70
1750
m
2/3/16
bill.m 3
145 m
H133m
75
2/3/16
76

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Bahir Dar University , Institute of Technology

School of Food Processing and Chemical Engineering

BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY

Copyright ,TassTad , 2009 2010

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Copyright 2009, TassTad

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Typical Hydro-Electric Power Plants

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

The types of Hydro Plants are:

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

High Head Hydro-Electric Power Plant.

Copyright 2009, TassTad

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

The figures. below illustrate typical conventional Hydro Reservoir Schemes.

The upper reservoir is usually formed by constructing a dam on a river valley at

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

Medium Head Scheme has usually a darn

Copyright 2009, TassTad

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Medium-Head Hydro Electric Power Plants.

Low-head Run-of-River Scheme (Small

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Turbine and Pump at Storage type hydropower plant

Copyright 2009, TassTad

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Underground Hydro-Electric Power Plant.

Tana-Beles Multipurpose Hydro Electric

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Classification of small hydro power plants by their ratings and head.

Copyright 2009, TassTad

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

High Head > 150 m

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

Multi-Step River Valley Schemes. Three or more reservoirs are built at

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

Pumped Storage Plants. During off-peak period the machine operates as

Copyright 2009, TassTad

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

Copyright 2009, TassTad

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

Energy and Power of the water flow

Representation of parameters of water flow portion for determination of its power.

Hydro-Electric Power Plants

Copyright 2009, TassTad

Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Engineering

School of Computing and Electrical Engineering

L1-2 a given segment/distance of water flow,[m]