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II
( AVS II )
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SYLLABUS
1) THIN PLATE THEORY
2) BUCKLING
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
OF
THIN
PLATES
AND
STIFFENED
PANELS
BENDING AND SHEAR OF THIN WALLED BEAMS
TORSION OF THIN WALLED BEAMS
STRUCTURAL IDEALISATION OF THIN WALLED
BEAMS
STRUCTURAL AND LOADING DISCONTINUITIES IN
THIN WALLED BEAMS
STRESS ANALYSIS OF AIRCRAFT COMPONENTSWING
STRESS ANALYSIS OF AIRCRAFT COMPONENTSY.SHARATH CHANDRA MOULI,
FUSELAGE
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SUGGESTED READINGS
Megson, T.H.G., Aircraft Structures for Engineering
Students, 4th edn., Elsevier, 2007, ISBN 0-750-667397.
Peery, D.J. and Azar, J.J., Aircraft Structures, 2nd edn.,
McGra-Hill, 1982, ISBN 0-07-049196-8.
Bruhn. E.H, Analysis and Design of Flight Vehicles
Structures, Tri-state Off-set Company, USA, 1965.
Rivello, R.M., Theory and Analysis of Flight Structures,
McGraw Hill, 1993.
Sechler.E.E. and Dunn, L.G., Airplane Structural
Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons.
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UNIT - 1
Introduction To Pure Bending Theory.
Thin Plate Theory
Analysis Of Thin Rectangular Plates Subject To Bending
Analysis Of Thin Rectangular Plates Subject To Bending And
Twisting
Analysis Of Thin Rectangular Plates Subject To Distributed
Transverse Load, Combined Bending And Inplane
Loading- Thin Plates Having Small Initial Curvature And
Energy Methods Of Analysis.
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Bending action:
Sagging
Hogging
Neutral layer
M
NEUTRAL AXIS
NEUTRAL LAYER
Neutral
Axis
t
Neutral layer
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or contract.
The material is homogenous and isotropic.
Youngs modulus (E) is same in both tension and
compression.
Stresses are within the elastic limit.
The radius of curvature of the beam is very large in
comparison to the depth of the beam.
A transverse section of the beam which is plane before
bending will remain plane even after bending.
Stress is purely longitudinal.
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we have,
rearranging above eqs. and substiduding in x
and y gives,
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Let,
Then
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So,
If either Mx or My is zero
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Anticlastic
Bending
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Synclastic Bending
Giving
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For the Fig(b) the vertical shear forces Qx and Qy per unit length on faces
perpendicular to the x and y axes, respectively.
The variation of shear stresses xz and yz along the small edges x, y of the
element is neglected and the resultant shear forces Qxy and Qyx are assumed
to act through the centroid of the faces of the element.
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We have
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In a similar fashion,
For equilibrium of the element parallel to Oz and assuming that the weight
of the plate is included in q
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or
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Boundary Conditions
Before discussing the solution of Laplace Eq. for particular cases we
shall establish boundary conditions for various types of edge
support.
The simply supported edge
Let us suppose that the edge x =0 of the thin plate shown in Fig. (c) is free to rotate but not to deflect.
The edge is then said to be simply supported. The bending moment along this edge must be zero and
also the deflection w=0. Thus
The condition that w=0 along the edge x =0 also means that
Boundary Conditions
The built-in edge
If the edge x =0 is built-in or firmly clamped so that it can neither rotate nor deflect,
then, in addition to w, the slope of the middle plane of the plate normal to this edge must
be zero. That is
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Boundary Conditions
The twisting moment Mxyy1 on
the element y1 may be replaced
by forces Mxy a distance y1
apart.
The twisting moment on the
adjacent element y2 is
[Mxy +(Mxy/y)y]y2.
Boundary Conditions
In terms of deflection,
and
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Sample case
The solution for the simple case of a thin rectangular
plate of dimensions ab.
Consider a thin rectangular plate of dimensions ab, simply supported
along each of its four edges and carrying a distributed load q(x, y)
We havethe governing eq.,
The boundary conditions,
Navier (1820) showed that
these conditions are satisfied by
representing the deflection w as
an infinite trigonometrical or
Fourier series.
Where,m represents the number
of half waves in the x direction and n the corresponding number in
the y direction.
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Sample case
We may also represent the load q(x, y) by a Fourier series, thus
Since,
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Sample case
It follows that,
Substituting now for w and q(x, y)in governing equation,
in alternative form,
giving
Hence,
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For small deflections w/x and (w/x)+(2w/x2)x are small and the
cosines of these angles are therefore approximately equal to one. The
equilibrium equation thus simplifies to
Similarly for equilibrium in
the y direction,
The determination of the contribution of the shear loads to the equilibrium
of the element in the z direction is complicated by the fact that the element
possesses curvature in both xz and yz planes.
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The components arising from the direct forces per unit length are
readily obtained from Fig.(a)
or
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the in-plane forces do not produce moments along the edges of the
element then following Eqs. remain unaffected.
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The above eq. may be modified simply by the addition of the above
vertical component of the in-plane loads to qxy.
Therefore, the governing differential equation for a thin plate supporting
transverse and in-plane loads is
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and
where
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The total strain energy of the element from bending and twisting is thus
Substitution for Mx, My and Mxy gives the total strain energy of the element
as
On rearranging,
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Note that if the plate is subject to pure bending only, then Mxy =0, giving
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Test Problem
Considering the rectangular plate as shown in fig., simply supported along
all four edges and subjected to a uniformly distributed transverse load of
intensity q0.
we know that its deflected shape is
given by Eq.
The total potential energy of the plate is
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Test Problem
The term multiplied by 2(1) integrates to zero and the mean value of sin 2
or cos2 over a complete number of half waves is 1/2 , thus integration of
the above expression yields
From the principle of the stationary value of the total potential energy
so that,
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1.
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5.
6.
Assignmenmt - 1
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