DIRECTI

NG
GROUP 7

DIRECTI
NG

Is the process through which

a manager communicates
with and influences other
members of the organization
in the pursuit of company
objectives.

IMPORTANCE
OF DIRECTING

Directing can therefore be looked upon as the

process through which the managers
energizes the organization into action, much
like electricity activates an electric fan
It is manifested largely in the manager a
manager interacts with his subordinates and
directs their activities from day to day.

THE NATURE OF
PEOPLE
We have to be concerned with the
question of what multivates people so
that they be influenced to contribute
towards the achievement of
organizational process.

MASLOW
S NEED
HIERARC

HERBERG
S TWO
FACTOR
THEORY

DAVID MCLELLAND
THEORIES
This theory classifies people in
terms of their dominant need
for:
Achievement
Power
Affiliation

-Successful entrepreneurs are persons with high

N-Ach (Need for Achievement).
-Leaders in organizations tend to be people with
high N-Power (Need for Power).

DAVID MCLELLAND
THEORIES
Without passing judgement on that academic
issue, it seems obvious thatif people do indeed,
deeper in terms of their dominant need
orientation (i.e. power, achievement, affiliation)
the types of organization incentives that they
would be most responsive to should also differ.

GR
O Uobserve
P S I Nthat
O Rpeople
G A Nin
I Zorganizations
AT I O N S
It has
been
have tendency to form spontaneously into loose
associations or groups among their co-workers.
Spontaneous groupings stable and fairly well
defined groups with
Clear membership rules
Norms of member behavior
Leadership structure

G R O U P S I N O R G A N I Z AT I O N S
Informal Organizations - is the social
structure of the organization, as opposed to
the formal structure of an organization. It
establishes how an organization functions
from a practical standpoint. The informal
organization can work in concurrence with
the formal organizational structure,
parallel with it, or against it.

THE
COMMUNICATIONS
PROCESS
Understanding the communications
process is important since it is the
means through which interpersonal
influence occur among persons in and
outside of organizations.
We define communication as transfer
of information and meaning from one
person to another.

THE COMMUNICATIONS
PROCESS
The steps involved in communicating are :
Forming the idea to be communicated
Encoding the idea
Transmitting the message through a
medium
Receiving the message
Decoding the message

THE COMMUNICATIONS
PROCESS
From the senders side, the following are
general guides to effective transmission:
Use simple words
Use multiple channels of possible
Repeat the message at least once, if the
point is important
Pay attention to feedback from the
receiver

POWER AND
INFLUENCE IN
ORGANIZATION
The success of a manger in influencing others
in the organization is not determined solely by
his skill in communicating, in the technical
sense. It is also much affected by the amount of
power he has in the organization.
Power has been defined as the potential to
influence the actions of another person in the
direction desired by the influencer

P O W E R A N D I N F LU E N C E I N
O R G A N I Z AT I O N
Below is a classification of power on the basis of its
source:

1. Legitimate Power This power comes by virtue of a

persons occupying a position in an organization.

2. Expert Power This is capacity to influence which

arises from expert knowledge that the influencer has.

3. Referent Power This is power that comes by virtue

of some personal characteristic of the person which

others identify with.