Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Information
Systems
9th Edition
Marshall B. Romney
Paul John Steinbart
17-1
AIS Development
Strategies
Chapter 17
17-2
Learning Objectives
1.
2.
3.
17-3
Learning Objectives
4.
5.
17-4
Learning Objectives
6.
7.
17-5
Introduction
17-6
Introduction
How
17-7
Introduction
Should
17-8
Introduction
17-9
Learning Objective 1
Describe how organizations
purchase application software,
vendor services, and
hardware.
17-10
Purchase Software
Canned software is written by software
development companies and is sold on
the open market to a broad range of
users with similar requirements.
Turnkey systems are a combination of
software and hardware sold as a
package. The vendor installs the entire
system and user needs only to turn the
key.
17-11
17-12
Purchasing Software
and The SDLC
Systems analysis
Conceptual design
Physical design
Implementation and conversion
Operation and maintenance
2003 Prentice Hall Business
Publishing,
17-13
Will package
meet needs?
Yes
Send RFP for
Yes
software
and
hardware
Evaluate
proposal
No
Can package
be modified?
No
Develop
software
internally
Yes
Send RFP for
hardware,
if necessary
Select best
combination
2003 Prentice Hall Business
Publishing,
17-14
Learning Objective 2
Explain how information
system departments
develop custom software.
17-15
Development by In-House
IS Department
Most often, organizations develop
their own custom software, because
canned software that fit their specific
needs is not available.
Developing custom software is difficult
and error-prone.
It also consumes a great deal of time
and resources.
17-16
17-17
Learning Objective 3
Explain how end users
develop, use, and control
computer-based information
systems.
17-18
End-User-Developed
Software
17-19
End-User-Developed
Software
17-20
17-21
17-22
17-23
17-24
Learning Objective 4
Explain why organizations
outsource their information
systems, and evaluate the
benefits and risks of this
strategy.
17-25
What is outsourcing?
It
In a mainframe outsourcing
agreement, the outsourcers buy their
clients computers and hire all or most
of the clients employees.
2003 Prentice Hall Business
Publishing,
17-26
In a client/server or PC outsourcing
agreement, an organization
outsources a particular service, a
segment of its business, a particular
function, or PC support.
17-27
17-28
17-29
Learning Objective 5
Explain the principles and
challenges of business
process reengineering.
17-30
Business Processes
Reengineering
17-31
Business Processes
Reengineering
BPR reduces a company to its
essential business processes and
focuses on why they are done rather
than on the details of how they are
done.
It completely reshapes organizational
work practices and information flows
to take advantage of technological
advancements.
17-32
Principles of Reengineering
17-33
Principles of Reengineering
4.
5.
6.
7.
17-34
Challenges Faced by
Reengineering Efforts
What are some of the obstacles to
reengineering efforts?
Tradition
Resistance
Time
requirements
Risk
Lack
of management support
Skepticism
Retraining
Controls
17-35
Learning Objective 6
Describe how prototypes are
used to develop an AIS, and
discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of doing so.
17-36
Prototyping
What is prototyping?
17-37
Prototyping
4.
17-38
Benefits of Prototyping
Advantages of Prototyping
Better definition of user needs
Higher user involvement and satisfaction
Faster development time
Fewer errors
More opportunity for changes
Less costly
2003 Prentice Hall Business
Publishing,
17-39
Disadvantages of
Prototyping
Disadvantages of Prototyping
Significant user time
Less efficient use of system resources
Incomplete systems development
Inadequately tested and
documented systems
Negative behavioral reactions
Unending development
2003 Prentice Hall Business
Publishing,
17-40
Learning Objective 7
Explain what computer-aided
software engineering is and
how it is used in systems
development.
17-41
Computer-Aided Software
Engineering (CASE)
17-42
Computer-Aided Software
Engineering (CASE)
17-43
Computer-Aided Software
Engineering (CASE)
Advantages of CASE Technology
Improved productivity
Improved program quality
Cost savings
Improved control procedures
Simplified documentation
17-44
Computer-Aided Software
Engineering (CASE)
Disadvantages of CASE Technology
Incompatibility
Cost
Unmet expectations
17-45
Case Conclusion
17-46
Case Conclusion
17-47
End of Chapter 17
17-48