Sei sulla pagina 1di 30

Civil Services Academy

RESEARCH REPORT
WRITING FORMAT AS PER
NSPP MANUAL

Every report is
custom-made, yet
some conventions
of format
2

Your report must show two


important things:
You

have
identified
a
worthwhile
problem
or
question which has not been
previously answered, and
then
You have solved the problem
or answered the question.

Format of the Paper


Research paper is generally divided
into five distinct parts:
Preliminaries
Introduction
Text
Conclusion and Recommendations
Notes and Bibliography
4

Preliminaries:
I).

Title page must include:


Type of paper (SYNDICATE/GRP)
Name of the Institute
Number and description of the Course for
which the paper is written
Title of the paper
Name and designation of the author
Undertaking
Signature and date of submission of the
paper
Name and designation of Faculty Advisor

II). Preface follows the title page it


must include:

Help of your Faculty Advisor

Faculty

Experts
consulted

Institutions/Libraries, Archives,
etc

interviewed

or

III).Dedication, if any

Normally, dedication is not necessary


for a paper

Generally reserved for theses, booklength studies, or books

IV). Abstract/Executive Summary one


page only (a few hundred words),
summing up the aim and objectives of the
study, method/s employed, and main
findings and conclusion

V). Glossary of Terms

must be restricted to

those terms or concepts which are not


common knowledge and thus need some
explanation.

Very very brief one or two lines for


each term

Preferably not more than one page in


all

VI). Table of Contents

the main titles of

various parts/Sections (if need be subSections) of the paper, with exact page
numbers

Note:

Must be in capital letters


Roman numerals for all pages of the

preliminaries

2.

Introduction
Introductory a few introductory
paras on the subject leading up to
the precise topic of the study

It should set the stage for the


formulation of the Statement
of the Problem
10

I)

Statement of the Problem

the

most important element of a research


paper. It must clearly and concisely state
the research problem, that is:

What is it that you wish to study?

What do you want to find out?

What
is
the
question/s
or
hypothesis/hypotheses that you intend to test
and validate?

What do you hope to prove or establish?

One sharp, focused para essentially two


paras maximum, if hypotheses/questions
asked
11

II)

Significance

and

Scope

of

the

Study

It must highlight the importance of


the study

Is

there

really

any

need

or

justification for it?

What will be the parameters or


scope of the study
12

III)

Review of the Literature

There must be a critical review of literature on


the subject of study to show that:

You are with the current thinking and debate


on the subject, and

there is an ample justification for the present


study

An

appraisal

of

some

important

sources

(four/five important writers or schools of


thought on the subject) should suffice

13

IV) Methods

Must clearly indicate the methods


selected for research descriptive,
analytical,
qualitative,
quantitative,
or
some
other
method or a combination of
methods

Must also indicate the kind of data


used documents, interviews,
questionnaires, etc
14

Outline of the paper

V)

Finally, you must, in a descriptive form, present


the outline/plan of your paper, divided into
Sections (and, if necessary, sub-Sections)

You must indicate contents of discussion


in each Section of the paper, one by one,
till your Conclusion

Note:

Arabic numerals will start with the

Introduction, till the end of the paper, i.e,


Bibliography
15

Text

3.

All Sections, sub-Sections of the paper will


constitute the main text (or main body of the
paper).

This

is

merely

for the

purpose

of

classification. Otherwise, Introduction is also


part of the text.

The text must have a coherent structure and


development and must build your arguments,
supported by facts, around your Statement of the
Problem

Text must have organizational balance between


different Sections and sub-Sections of the paper
16

4.Conclusion and Recommendations


The Conclusion must clearly demonstrate that
an

answer/s

to

hypothesis/hypotheses

the

question/s

formulated

in

or
the

Statement of Problem has been found.

It must bring the whole discussion to a


logical end.

It must summarize the main findings of


the study

It must suggest possibilities for further


work
17

The Recommendations

should be

based on a careful assessment of the


ideas and data used in the study (and not
outside it)

The Recommendations should be


substantive, realistic and practical

Should not be a wish list

Poor

recommendations

mar

the

quality of otherwise good research


paper

18

Spatial Arrangements
Suggested space for different parts of the paper
is as follows:
1.

Introduction all of it, starting from the


Introductory to the Outline of the paper
Approx. 15-20%

2.

Text Sections and sub-Sections Approx.


60-65%

3.

Conclusion and recommendations Approx.


10% (More space for the Conclusion)

4.

Notes

and

Bibliography

Preferably not exceeding 10%

As

required.
19

Composition: Font and Spacing

Standard Font Type is Times New


Roman, and font size is 12, with
1.5 spacing for the text (normally,
it is double-spaced)

Notes font size is 10 (footnotes or


endnotes) and should be singlespaced

Bibliography font size is 10 and


should be single-spaced

20

CONTENTS

Page number?
-------

INTRODUCTION
Statement of the Problem
Significance and Scope of the
Study
Review of the Literature
Methods
Outline

---------

SECTION-1

Title
21

Page number?
----------

SECTION- 1

Title

----------

SECTION 2

Title

-----------

SECTION 3

Title
----------

CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

-----------

BIBLIOGRAPHY
22

23

Notes and Bibliography


Notes

and

Bibliography

must

strictly follow the Turabian/Chicago


Manual

of

Style

this

is

the

adopted Style of the Civil Services


Academy
Note:

Notes, whether footnotes or

endnotes,

should

be

numbered

consecutively for the whole paper

24

Footnotes and Endnotes:


Required to cite sources of
data
To give credit where it
rightfully belongs
To furnish an opportunity
to readers and researchers
to access those sources for
verification
To provide basis for further
research and analysis
25

Use of Notes:

Notes are an important source

for the facts or interpretation


of facts
Notes may indicate a similar
position of another writer
Notes may suggest a different
(indeed opposite) position of
another writer
Notes
may
explain
or
elaborate the discussion given
in the text
Notes may suggest further
avenues for research on the
subject

26

Bibliography:
A complete (or selective) list of

all the sources cited or consulted


in research
A classification of sources, based
on Primary and Secondary data,
including
documents,
books,
journals,
magazines,
newspapers, and internet
An index of the depth and detail
of the present research but also
a forerunner of studies in the
future

27

Inter-disciplinary Manuals:
Some manuals of style are inter-disciplinary in nature,
covering a variety of disciplines in Social Sciences
Research
The two most important manuals are:
1.University of Chicago, Chicago Manual of Style
2.Kate

L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of


Research Papers, Theses and Dissertations

Both manual are published by the University of

Chicago Press, and are, for all practical


purposes, one and the same. Turabian follows
the Chicago Manual of Style
Adopted Manual of Style at the Civil Services
Academy is Turabian
28

CSA Plagiarism Policy


Plagiarism is using the ideas or work of

others without acknowledgement and


presenting them as your own.

CSA Policy:

It is cheating, so unacceptable
If turnitins similarity index is

beyond 25 % Zero mark would be


awarded
29

30

Potrebbero piacerti anche