SISTEM INTEGUMEN

Nursiswati, M.Kep., Sp.KMB

ANATOMI KULIT

INTEGUMENT

The integumentary system is a

biological system composed primarily of the
skin, but also accessories that grow out of the
skin (i.e. hair, scales, and nails). The skin is a
vital organ that covers the entire outside of the
body, forming a protective barrier against
pathogens and injuries from the environment.
The skin is the body's largest organ; covering the
entire outside of the body, it is about 2 mm thick
and weighs approximately six pounds. It shields
the body against heat, light, injury, and infection.

INTEGUMENT..CONT

The skin also helps regulate body

temperature, gathers sensory
information from the environment,
stores water, fat, and vitamin D, and
plays a role in the immune system
protecting us from disease.

LAYERS

Basically, the skin is comprised of two layers that

cover a third fatty layer. These three layers differ
in function, thickness, and strength. The outer
layer is called the epidermis; it is a tough
protective layer that contains the melaninproducing melanocytes. The second layer
(located under the epidermis) is called the
dermis; it contains nerve endings, sweat glands,
oil glands, and hair follicles. Under these two
skin layers is a fatty layer of subcutaneous
tissue, known as the subcutis or hypodermis.[1]

EPIDERMIS S/D SUBKUTIS

TERMOREGULASI
PENGATURAN SUHU TUBUH

ability of an organism to keep its

body temperature within certain boundaries,
even when the surrounding temperature is
very different.

KESEIMBANGAN SUHU TBH DIREGULASI

O/ MEKANISME FISIOLOGI & PERILAKU.
SUHU AKAN KONSTAN BILA HUB
ANTARA PROD PANAS & PENGELUARAN
PANAS HRS
DIPERTAHANK..DIREGULASI MEL
MEKANISME NEUROLOGIS & KV

PUSAT PENGONTROL SUHU TUBUIH ADL

HIPOTALAMUS Yg tletak antara HEMISFER
SEREBRAL
SUHU NYAMAN ADL PD SET POINT YG
TERKENDALI

BILA SEL SARAF DI HIPOTALAMUS ANTERIOR

MJD PANAS MELEBIHI SET POINT, IMPULS AKN
DIKIRIM U/ MENURUNKAN SUHU TBH.
MEKANISME PENGELUARN PANAS : BKERINGAT,
VASODILATASI, & HAMBATAN PROD PANAS

BILA HIPOTALAMUS POSTERIOR

MERASAKAN SUHU LBH RENDAH DR
SET POINT, MEKANISME KONSERVASI
PANAS BEKERJA.
VASOKONSTRIKSI MENGURANGI ALIRAN
DRH K KULIT & EKSTREMITAS

RESPON LOKAL THD PANAS DAN

DINGIN TJD MEL STIMULASI UJUNG
SYARAF YG BERADA DI DL KULIT.
STIMULASI INI AKN MENGIRIM IMPULS
DR PERIFER KE HIPOTALAMUS YG
MENYEBABK TIMBUL RESPON ADAPTIF
U/ MPTAHANK RESPON NORMAL

PRODUKSI PANAS

METABOLISME BASAL
GERAKAN VOLUNTER
MENGGIGIL

FAKTOR YG MEMPENGARUHI TOLERANSI SUHU

BAGIAN TBH.KAKI & TANGAN KRG

SENSITIF
KERUSAKAN PERMUKAAN TBH
SUHU KULIT SEBELUMNYA
AREA PERMUKAAN TBH.TOLERANSI
LBH RENDAH PD AREA TBH YG LUAS
USIA & KONDISI FISIK

PERUBAHAN SUHU

DEMAM
HIPERPIREKSIA TJD KRN MEKANISME
PENGEUARAN PANAS TDK MAMPU
MPTHNK KECEPATAN PENGELUARAN
KELEBIHN PROD PANAS, YG MAKIBATKN
PENINGKTN SUHU TBH ABNORMAL
PIROGEN SPT BAKTERI & VIRUS
MENYEBABKN PENINGK SUHU TBH

HIPERTERMIA
PENINGKT SUHU SEHUB DG
KETIDAKMAMP TBH U MENINGKT
PENGELUARAN PANAS ATAU MENURUNK
PROD PANAS

HEATSTROKE
TERPAPAR SINAR MATAHRI ATAU LINGK
DG SUHU TINGGI DPT MPENGERUHI
MEK PENGELUARAN PANAS
MORTALIATAS TINGGI
> DR 45 DRJT

HIPOTERMIA
PENGELUARAN PANAS AKBT PAPARAN
TERUS MENERUS THD DINGIN
MEMPNGRH KEMAMP TBH U MPROD
PANAS
< 35

THANKS