Pressure management

by
AVK

Contents
What are Automatic
Control Valves?

Where to use Automatic Control Valves?

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?
Why to choose AVKs A.C.V?
How to choose AVK A.C.V?

What is pressure management

In 1990s it was established that there is not direct
relationship between pressure and leakage from various
studies in UK and Japan
Using FAVAD concept IWA started studying pressure
management in various countries and following benefits
were found

What is pressure management

According to SANFLOW (2001), the value for N1 used normally vary between 0.5 (default
value for bursts) and 2.5 (highest value for background leakage) with an average or default
value of 1.0. Systems with a high percentage of background leakage will tend to have N1
values in excess of 1.0 while systems where the leakage is predominantly burst leakage on
iron or steel pipes will have N1 values of less than 1.0.

Unavoidable real losses

The UARL is used in the calculation of the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI), which is the
IWA metric performance indicator specifically developed for comparing technical
performance in real losses management between countries and utilities with different key
infrastructure characteristics.
Where

Infrastructure leakage index

Where CARL are real losses

What are Automatic Control Valves?

Device intended to control conditions such as flow rate,
pressure, liquid level within specified limits.

Flow

Pressure

Liquid level

It has integral capability to control the function using energy

from the conveyed water by adjusting the position of the
obturator .
It can be directly operated i.e. the force is applied (via spring or
diaphragm)
directly to the obturator. (DN50 and below)
It can be pilot operated i.e. the force is applied through an adjustable pilot
valve.
(DN50 and above, diaphragm or piston actuated)

What are Automatic Control Valves?

MANUAL LEVEL
CONTROL

AUTOMATIC LEVEL
CONTROL
(HYDRAULIC)

What are Automatic Control Valves?

ELECTRONIC AUTOMATIC LEVEL

CONTROL

ELECTRONIC AUTOMATIC LEVEL

CONTROL
WITH HYDRAULIC REDUDANCY
(backup)

Where to use Automatic Control Valves?

A Water Treatment Plant

B Water Storage Tank
C Elevated Water Storage
Tank
D Industrial Complex
E Small Village

G City
H Village
I Dam
J Small Dam
L River
M Non Potable Water Tank

MAX FLOW RATE :

MAIN DAM: 650 m3/h
SMALL DAM: 310 m3/h
BOOSTER PUMP : 60 m3/h
DEEP WELL PUMP : 30 m3/h
MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED
VELOCITY IN PIPE SYSTEM : 2 m/s

1 Dual Stage Pressure

Management
(Hydraulic) Control
2 Modulating Float Level,
Pressure Sustaining Control
3 Pressure Management
Control Valve
4 Pressure Reducing Valve
5 Pressure Reducing Station
(Pressure Reducing Pressure
Sustaining)
6 Pressure Reducing Valve,
Anti Cavitation Trim (High P)
7 Pressure Reducing Valve
(Low P)
8 One Way Altitude
9 Two Way Altitude
10 Deep Well Pump Control
10A Relief Valve
11 Solenoid Control / Pressure
Sustaining
11A Solenoid Control
12 Booster Pump Control
Valve
13 Anticipating Relief
14 Pressure Relief
15 Solenoid Control
16 Pressure Reducing
Solenoid Control
17 Non Modulating Float
Control
18 Modulating Float Level /
Pressure Sustaining / Solenoid
Shut-OFF
19 Modulating Float,
Electric Shut-OFF Control
20 Constant Flow Control
Valve

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?

CV01 - Pressure Reducing Control Valve
CV02 - Low Pressure Reducing Valve

(Standard)

(Standard)

CV03 - Pressure Sustaining Control Valve

CV04 - Constant Flow Control Valve

(Standard)

(Standard)

CV05 - One Way Altitude Level Control Valve

CV06 - Two Way Altitude Level Control Valve
CV07 - Modulating Float Level Control Valve
CV07A - Non Modulating Float Level Control Valve
CV09 - Pressure Relief Valve
CV10 - Surge Anticipating Relief Valve
CV11 - Hydraulic Non Return Valve
CV12 - Booster Pump Control Valve
CV13 - Deep Well Pump Control Valve
CV14 - Solenoid Control Valve
CV15 - Dual Solenoid Control Valve
CV16 - Pressure Reducing - Check Valve

CV19 - Pressure Reducing - Pressure Sustaining - Solenoid Shut-Off

CV20 - Pressure Sustaining - Solenoid Shut Off

CV21 - Constant Flow - Solenoid Shut Off
CV22 - One Way Altitude Level - Pressure Sustaining
CV23 - One Way Altitude Level - Pressure Sustaining - Solenoid Shut Off
CV24 - One Way Altitude Level - Solenoid Shut Off
CV25 - Modulating Float Level- Pressure Sustaining
CV26 - Modulating Float Level- Pressure Sustaining - Solenoid Shut Off
CV27 - Modulating Float Level- Solenoid Shut Off
CV28 - Non Modulating Float Level - Pressure Sustaining
CV29 - Non Modulating Float Level - Pressure Sustaining Solenoid Shut Off
CV30 - Non Modulating Float Level - Solenoid Shut Off
CV31 - Dynamic Pressure Management Control Valve
CV32 - Dual Stage Pressure Management Control Valve
CV33 - Pressure Management Control Valve (Orifice Plate)
CV34 - Dual Stage Pressure Management Control Valve (Electric)
CV35 - Dual Stage Pressure Management Control Valve with time-Battery
CV36 Motorized Pressure Management Control Valve

CV17 - Pressure Reducing - Solenoid Shut-Off

CV18 - Pressure Reducing - Pressure Sustaining
Pressure
control

Level control

Flow control

Pressure
management

Pump control

Others

Automatic Control Valves

Modular Construction:
Filter Unit

Hydraulic
Control
Block

Distribution
Block

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?

Functions
Automatically reduces a higher
upstream pressure to a lower
downstream pressure.
Keep downstream pressure constant
regardless of changes in flow rate or
upstream pressure.

Options
Downstream pressure range :
0.6 ~ 6 bar / 5 ~ 10 bar / 10 ~ 16 bar / 1.5 ~ 16 bar / 0.1 ~ 1 bar

PRESSURE REDUCING
VALVE

With Check valve / PSV / Solenoid Shutoff

With Anti-cavitation trim
With Position indicator / Manometers /
Flush valve on filter / Lifting lugs
With different Coating/Drilling/

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?

P1*A: Upstream pressure P1 within area

A

P2*B: Downstream pressure P2 within

area B

P3*C: Control chamber pressure P3

within area C

Fspring: Spring force

Opening operation:
P1*A + P2*B > P3*C + Fspring
Closing operation:
P1*A + P2*B < P3*C + Fspring
Modulating operation:
P1*A + P2*B < P3*C + Fspring
No flow, No pressure:
P1 = P2 = P3

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?

Main valve with basic pilot
system
Pre-assembled as
stock

Main valve with basic pilot

system
+ Pressure reducing
module
PRV assembly
+ Accessories

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?

Functions
Automatically maintain upstream
pressure regardless of changes in flow
rate or downstream pressure.

Options
Upstream pressure range :
0.6 ~ 6 bar / 5 ~ 10 bar / 10 ~ 16 bar / 1.5 ~ 16 bar / 0.1 ~ 1
bar

With PRV / Solenoid Shut-off / One way

altitude / (Non) Modulating float valve
With Anti-cavitation trim
With Position indicator / Manometers /
Flush valve on filter / Lifting lugs
With different Coating/Drilling
PRESSURE SUSTAINING/RELIEF
VALVE

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?

Main valve with basic pilot
system
Pre-assembled as
stock

Main valve with basic pilot

system
+ Pressure sustaining
module
+ Accessories
PSV assembly

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?

Functions
Automatically maintain flow demand
regardless of changes in upstream
pressure or downstream pressure.

Options
Downstream flow range :
low / medium / large

With Solenoid Shut-off valve

With Anti-cavitation trim
With Position indicator /
Manometers / Flush valve on filter /
Lifting lugs
With different Coating/Drilling
CONSTANT FLOW
VALVE

What kinds of A.C.V do AVK produce?

Main valve with basic pilot
system
Pre-assembled as
stock

Main valve with basic pilot

system
+ Constant flow module
+ Accessories
CFV assembly

Why choose AVK A.C.V?

Main control valve
Lifted seat, to avoid erosion due to
cavitation; High Kv value, at fully open
position.
Geometry of regulating disc, provides
high ratio of travel- Kv, resulting in
optimal control performance.
Large diaphragm area providing
optimum performance. Conditions
change the diaphragm will react faster
providing a superior control. Non
symmetric axial position of rubber
diaphragm, getting less stretch/stress,
near closed position.
The stem is guided both on top and in
the seat.
Opening and closing speed is obtained
by using the adjustable screws.

All internal components supplied in

stainless steel (AISI 316) as standard.

Body and bonnet of ductile iron with

fusion bonded epoxy, 300micron, RAL
5017, according to WRASDVGW/W270/UBA.

Why choose AVK A.C.V?

Flush
valve
(Optional)

Pilot
module

Pilot system (Patent Pending)

Hydraulic
control block

Modular and compact design, easy for

application change which only requires
module change.
Valve size changes, pilot system stays
the same which means the pilot system
can be reused, no need to buy a new
pilot system.

Filter

Manometer
s (Optional)

Ball valve

High capacity filter with Mesh 100 high

performance wire screen, long life, easy
to flush, and back flushing is possible.
The base of all control pilots is the
hydraulic control block. Single or multiple
function modules can be easily
connected
All external fitting supplied in stainless
steel (AISI 316) as standard.
Color-coded spring allows the end user
to visually verify that the proper spring
has been furnished for the application

How to choose AVK A.C.V?

Area A Standard Valve

Area B Anti Cavitation Trim

Cavitation erosion during the

closing stoke of the valve.

Area C Valves in Series

1 Isolating Valves
2 Air Valve
3 Filter ( YStrainer )
4 Control Valve

Flo
w

Flo
w

How to choose AVK A.C.V?

1 Full bore (P<1.5bar), 2 Reduce bore

Kv: Cubic meters of water, at 18 degrees Celsius flowing through the open valve in one hour with a P of one BAR.
Ref EN1074, the maximum continuous flow speed is 4m/sec (PN16).
Example:
P1: 8 bar, P2: 3 bar,
Flow: MAX 130 m^3hr , MED 40 m^3hr , MIN 10 m^3hr
Kv = Q/P = 130/5 = 130/2.24 = 58
For proportional control valves use a safety 1.3 to avoid control failure in momentary high flows
Safety factor 1.3 x 58 = 75
Valve
DN 80 Reduced Bore
But as Vmax = 4m/sec, so the minimum size of pipe DNmin = ((354*Q)/Vmax ) = (354*130)/4) = 107, that is
DN125,
So DN125 reduced bore would be recommended.

Savings on Initial investment

In hilly terrains pressure break tanks are used to
manage pressure which are an expensive solution using
PRVs can save upto lakhs of rupees
Proper pressure management saves cost of high
pressure equipment in hilly terrains
AVK Valves comes with default 50 um filter for pilot
system and therefore saves on extra filter for pilot like
in competitors
Higher Kv value means lower size of selection than
competitors
Same pilot can be used for different applications and
sizes this decreases investment on different kind of
pilots

Savings on water quality

Lifted SS seat means no corrosion and erosion of
regulating plug which may interfere with water quality
as in case of competitors
Impurities are removed by upstream strainer
Reduced losses due to high pressure leakage means
lower contamination of water

Savings on maintainence
All Hydraulic Fittings: Can be obtained via any substantial outlets / suppliers.
Field engineer need only carry minimum parts to allow repair or
replacement i.e. hydraulic control block.
Pilot Maintenance: Extremely easy to maintain only standard tooling
required (Shifting spanner and set of Allen keys).
Field Engineers: Need only hold one hydraulic control block which covers
both sections on the filter and the regulator, interchangeable parts.
Pilot System: Simple removal of pilot system and common pilot pipe work
allows easily accessibility to replace parts with minimum disruption.
Seals: Are easily replaced, allowing for minimum maintenance.
Nylon reinforced EPDM has virtually infinite life
Lifted seat removes erosion issues

Automatic Control Valves

Pilot System:
9662600015
3/8 BSPP Plug
with O-Ring

9662600014
1/4 BSPP
Mini Valve

9662600008
3/8 BSPT x 3/8
BSPT
Taper Nipple

9662600018
M6 x 6 mm
Elbow
9662700003
6 mm x 1.5
mm
Pipe

9602500128
6 mm x 10 mm
Grub Screw

9662600019
6 mm x
1/8
Elbow

9662800001
63mm x 1/4
BSP Pressure
Gauge

9662600020
3/8" BSPP x 1/8"
BSPP
Reducer with ORing

www.Glenfield.co

Automatic Control Valves

Main Valve:
9662700001
12 mm x 1.5 mm
Pipe
9662600009
3/8" BSPT x 12
mm
Union Elbow

9662600002
1/2 BSPP
Plug with ORing

9662600006
Adaptor Union
3/8 BSPT x 12
mm

9662600004
3/8" BSPT x 3/8"
BSPT
Angle Ball Valve

9662600007
3/8 BSP x 3/8"
BSP
Nipple

9662600003
1/2 BSP x 3/8
BSP
Reducer

www.Glenfield.co

Savings on operating cost

Pressure management ensures pump only works when
required
Altitude valve optimizes pump input power for tank
filling
Pressure management ensures less customer
complaints
Faster reaction time due to large diaphgram area
Adjustable speed effects pressure management to great
extent and hence saves lot of money in any kind of
distribution which can be calculated

Savings on NRW
As explained in earlier slides ACVs are most important
component in saving non revenue water
Below models shall be used in case of centrally
monitored pressure and flow control system for 24*7
water supply

Saving on NRW
Dual Stage Pressure Management Control Valve
Description
At low flow a minimum pressure is maintained. As flow increase to a preset valve position
, system will increase downstream pressure.Fully Adjustable, smooth ramping.
Pressure management based on flow demand.
100% Hydraulic Control.
Operation
At low flow demand a minimum pressure is maintained.
An orienting cam located on valve stem will switch a three way hydraulic relay, increasing
outlet pressure
for a new setting. If flow demand decrease, valve start to close and
outlet pressure decrease.

Saving on NRW
Proportional Pressure management Control Valve
Description
At low flow a minimum pressure is maintained. As flow demand increase downstream pressure gradually increases.
Fully Adjustable, smooth ramping.
Reduces water losses by lowering pressure in low flow demand.
Pressure management based on flow demand.
100% Hydraulic Control.
Operation
At low flow demand a minimum pressure is maintained.
A velocity sensor inside of valve (Annubar Sensor)
senses the pressure differential.
When velocity increase downstream pressure in
sensor decrease.
The pilot detect this small changes increasing
gradually the valve outlet pressure until the
maximum set point.

Saving on NRW
Proportional Pressure Management Control Valve
Description
This model automatically manages downstream
pressure based on flow demand increasing
downstream pressure at high flows and decreasing
downstream pressure in low flow demand.
Reduces water losses by lowering pressure in low
flow demand.

Operation
The orifice plate located downstream of the valve is
used to create a pressure drop, wish lowers the
sensed pressure on pressure reducing pilot as the
system demand increase.
Automatically increase pressure downstream of
orifice plate.
100% Hydraulic Control

Saving on NRW
Dual Stage Pressure Management Control Valve
(Electric + Battery + Controller)
Description
This model manages outlet pressure based on a battery programmable timer.
At night a minimum pressure is maintained.
At day or high flow demand periods pressure increase.
Reduce water losses by lowering pressure.

Operation
This model uses a battery programmable timer.
An impulse type solenoid connected to the
programmable timer switch the outlet pressure.

Savings in NRW
Supervisory system
Previously explained valves can be integrated into SCADA or other
microprocessor based control systems for better real monitoring some diagrams
are below

Savings in NRW
Results