SOLID STATE

DRIVE

Presented By:
Bhavya Ambaliya
B.TECH CSE

Contents
History
Solid State Drives
NAND Flash Memory
SSD Elements
1. SSD Controller
2. SSD Flash
3. SSD Interfaces
SSD Storage Scheme

SSD Architecture
SSD Around us
Intel SSD 910series-an
Example
Benefits of SSD
SSD vs. HDD
Application

HISTORY

Storage Devices are evolved as the use of machines is

increasing.
Punch Cards (in 1940s).
Magnetic Tapes/Drives (in 1950s).
Hard Drives.
Solid State Drives

Solid State Drive(SSD)

SSD is an PC storage device that uses Solid State
memory to store information.
SSD uses non volatile NAND Flash Memory ,
which enables it to retain data when the power is
removed.

NAND Flash Memory

NAND Flash Memory is the key component of
SSD.
It is a specific type of EEPROM chip.
It has a grid of columns and rows with a cell
that has two transistors at each intersection.
The principle of operation is based on
MOSFETs

SSD Elements
SSD consists of basically three elements:
SSD Controller.
SSD Flash.
SSD Interface.

SSD Controller
Flash controller includes the
electronics that bridge the Flash
memory components to the SSD
input/output interfaces.
The controller is an embedded
processor that executes firmwarelevel software.

SSD Controller Block Diagram

Processor
ECC
Flash Controller
DRAM Controller
I/O Interface
Controller Memory
Chip Configuration

SSD Flash
Solid State Flash memory is available using NAND
technology.
NAND Flash components come in densities from
1Gb (gigabit) to 64Gb per chip.
NAND Flash components have structures called
pages and blocks.
There is an Error Correction Code (ECC)
associated with each sector.
NAND Flash has a limited rewrite endurance of
about 1,000,000 times per block.

SSD Flash Block Diagram

Data Interface
I/O Controller
Control Logic
Address Register
Data/Cache register
Status register
Row/Column Decode
Flash Array

SSD Interface
Interface is used to connect the SSD with the
computer.
Also, since SDDs are generally used in conjunction
with magnetic disk drives, a common mass storage
bus interface is used in most cases.
SSD are available with a variety of system interfaces
based primarily on the performance requirements:
Serial ATA
Serial attached SCSI
Fiber Channel
USB

SSD Storage Scheme

Groups of NAND flash cells are organized
into pages and these pages are organized
into blocks.
Read and write operations can be
performed on pages, but erase operations
can only be performed at the block level.
This means that when rewriting a page, the
entire block must be erased first.
The SSD controller manages this process .

SSD Architecture
SSD Around us
Inter SSD 910series- an Example
Benefits of SSD
SSD vs. HDD
Application

SSD Architecture

SSD Around Us
Solid-State
Solid-StateDisks
Disks(SSD)
(SSD)Mobile
MobileMedia
MediaPlayers
Players

Thumb
ThumbDisks
Disks

Multimedia
Multimedia
Memory
Memory
Cards
Cards

Embedded
Embedded
Systems
Systems

Intel SSD 910series- An Example

Certified for 2000 MB/s read speed and 1000
MB/s write speed.(For 800 GB SSD)
Uses around 25 watt power.
4-channel memory controller.
Each channel is responsible for two memory
chips.
http://ark.intel.com/products/67009/Intel-SSD910-Series-800GB-12-Height-PCIe-2_0-25nm-MLC

Intel SSD 910series

Benefits of SSD

Faster start up of Solid State Drive

Faster access
Faster application launch time
More energy efficient
More reliable
More robust under extreme conditions
Lighter

SSD vs. HDD

2.5 SATA 3.3 Gbps
SSD
Solid NAND Flash
based

2.5 SATA 3.8 Gbps

HDD
Mechanism Type

Magnetic Rotating
platters

64GB

Density

80 GB

75gm

Weight

365gm

Read: 100MB/s
Write: 80MB/s

Performance

Read: 59MB/s
Write: 60MB/s

1W

Active Power
Consumption

3.86W

10-2000Hz
1500G/0.5ms
0 C 70C
None

Operating Vibration
Shock Resistance
Operating
Temperature
Acoustic Noise

22-350Hz
170G/).5ms
5C 55C
0.3 dB

Application
SSDs were mainly used in those aspects
ofmission criticalapplications where the speed
of thestorage systemneeded to be as fast as
possible.
Organizations that can benefit from faster access
of system data includeequity trading
companies,telecommunicationcorporations,
andvideo streaming.
SSD are used as cache at server side of
Enterprises.

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_state_drives
http://www.storagereview.com/ssd_reference_g
uide
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/flashmemory.htm
http://i.dell.com/sites/content/business/solution
s/whitepapers/en/Documents/wp-2009-SSD.pdf

Thank You

Queries ???