Networked Data Acquisition

HART COMMUNICATION

HIGHWAY ADDRESSABLE REMOTE

TRANSMITTER (HART)

Open Process Control Network protocol supporting

hybrid communication.
Conventionally - only measurement and control data
transmitted via the 4-20 mA current loop.
HART enables hybrid communication bidirectional
digital communication through the same current loop.
Process variable and control information 4-20 mA
signal.
Additional measurements, calibration and diagnostic
information- HART digital signal.

HART uses Frequency Shift Keying to superimpose

digital signal on to the 4-20 mA DC signal.
Two Sine waves of frequencies 1200 Hz and 2200
Hz, are used to represent digital 0 and 1
respectively.
The Sine waves have an average value of 0, hence
no DC is added to the 4- 20 mA signal.
Hence simultaneous transmission of both analog
and digital data.
Digital data communication rate -1200bps.

HART NETWORK CONNECTION

Primarily used in simple point point connection

between field devices(slaves) and a master PC.
Connection established through the 4 20 mA
current loop.
For multiple slave devices, multiplexers are used.
Devices can also be connected in parallel
Multidrop mode.
There can be at most 15 slaves and 2 masters: primary PC and a secondary Hand held device.

Primary master:- DCS , PLC or a computer based

controller.
Secondary controller: - Handheld mobile device
Slave devices:- Sensors, Transmitters and
Actuators.

MULTI-DROP MODE

COMMUNICATION MODES

Master-slave communicationCommand and Response.

Simultaneous digital communicationSlave status is updated twice per
second.
Burst communication- a single slave
device continuously with 75ms short
breaks.
Burst mode provides 4 updates per
second.

HART PROTOCOL LAYERS

HART protocol is specified according to the

OSI reference model.
HART uses Physical, data link and
application layers. Other layers are unused.
Physical layer defines physical and
mechanical properties of connectors and
cables used.
It also specifies the length of cable to be
used in the network.

DATA LINK LAYER: HART TELEGRAM

The data link frames are called HART

Telegrams
Contains minimum 10 control bytes
and maximum 25 data bytes.
Preamble: 3 bytes, used for
synchronization .
Start: 1 byte, specifies which device is
sending
Address: Short frame-1 byte; Long
frame- 5 bytes

CONTD..

Command : 1 byte, encodes Master

commands
Byte Count: number of data bytes in
the telegram.
Status: 2 bytes, indicates the status of
the field device.
Data: The command or response.
Parity: Checksum , can detect up to 3
corrupted bits.

APPLICATION LAYER

It provides the user interface.

Defines commands , responses, data
types and status reporting.
Set point values and parameters can
be sent to slaves.
Three types of commands: Universal,
Common practice and Device specific
commands

DEVICE DESCRIPTION

Field device manufacturers provide a

software file called Device Description
File.

Contains information related to

communication with the master, similar
to device drivers in PCs.

Device description file is designed

using Device description