Innate immune system

(Cellular )

Lecture 3
2014

Dr. Ongko Susetia Totoprajogo MNs, Sp.GK

Jurusan D IV gizi
Poltekes Kemenkes
Malang

The Purpose of this lecture

Students will understand :

1) The cellular immune system as a part of innate immune system.

2)

Innate immune system consists of : Physico chemical barrier,

circulating molecule (complement) , cell (Macrophage, Natural
killer cell, monocyte, and granulocyte) and soluble mediators
(cytokines).

3) Phagocytosis proses involving : Toll like receptor, opsonin, Antigen

presenting cell (APC) and cytokine production.
4) Antigen presenting cell APC) to T lymphocyte through the role of
major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and Cluster of
differentiation (CD).
5) The role of natural killer cells (NK-cells).
6) The relationship between innate & adaptive immune system.

Outline
1. Introduction.
2. Innate immune system
3. Innate to adaptive immune system
4. Phagocytosis
A. Toll like receptor
B. Opsonization
C. Complement next lecture
i.

Membrane attack complex (MAC) - next lecture

ii. Pore formation - next lecture

5. Antigen presenting cell (APC)
6. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) = Human leucocyte
antigen (HLA)
7. Natural killer cell (NK cell)
8. Innate to adaptive immune response.

Immune system
Innate

Adaptive
(Acquired)

Physico chemical
barrier

Skin
Mucous membrane
Lysozyme
Stomach acid
Commensal bacteria

Cutaneous & mucosal

immune system : (GALT,
MALT, ect)
Antibodies in mucosal
secretions:
Secretory IgA.

Circulating molecules

Complement

Antibodies

Cells

Granulocytes
Monocytes / macrophage
Natural killer cells

Lymphocytes ( B and T)

Soluble mediators

Macrophage derived
cytokines

Lymphocytes derived
cytokines
Gibney. M.J; 2003; Nutrition & metabolism; page: 285

Immune
System

Innate
(Nonspecific)
1line of defense

Humoral
Components

Cellular
Components

Adaptive
(Specific)
2line of defense
Protects/
re-exposure

Humoral
Components

Cellular
Components

Cellular immune system bone marrow

origin
(Stem cell origin)

Immune cells description

Innate immune system

Skin
Mucose in GI tract
Leucocytes
HCl in gaster
Complement

Mucus Ciliated epithelial cells

Definitions
Phagocytosis : The process of internalization antigen by Phagocytic cells
( Mononuclear cells: Monocyte, macrophage;
Polymorphonuclear: Granulocytes), interacting with
complement & specific immune system.
Opsonisation : substrate that facilitate the phagocytosis process.
(Complement, C-reactive protein/ CRP, antibody).
Cytokines : Peptide or Glycoprotein mediators ranging from 6.000 to 60.000
kilodaltons molecular weight that act as intercellular signals.
Produced by T & B Lymphocytes (Lymphokines); by Monocytes,
hemopoetic CSFs, interferons, connective tissue growth factors
(Monokines).

Immune system
Innate

Adaptive
(Acquired)

Physico chemical
barrier

Skin
Mucous membrane
Lysozyme
Stomach acid
Commensal bacteria

Cutaneous & mucosal

immune system : (GALT,
MALT, ect)
Antibodies in mucosal
secretions:
Secretory IgA.

Circulating molecules

Complement

Antibodies

Cells

Granulocytes
Monocytes / macrophage
Natural killer cells

Lymphocytes ( B and T)

Soluble mediators

Macrophage derived
cytokines

Lymphocytes derived
cytokines
Gibney. M.J; 2003; Nutrition & metabolism; page: 285

Phagocytosis

Toll like receptor (TLR)

Outline
1. Introduction.
2. Innate immune system
3. Phagocytosis
A. Toll like receptor
B. Opsonization
C. Complement next lecture
i.

Membrane attack complex (MAC) - next lecture

ii. Pore formation - next lecture

4. Antigen presenting cell (APC)
5. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) = Human leucocyte
antigen (HLA)
6. Natural killer cell (NK cell)
7. Innate to adaptive immune response.

Phagocytosis

Direct
Surface receptor
Surface antigen

Antibody

In-Direct

Killing microbes through Phagocytosis process

Phagocytes & cytokines production

during inflammation

Complement

Will be discused on the next lecture

Antigen presenting cell = APC

Phagocytosis lysosome Antigen presenting

Major histo-compatibility complex = MHC

MHC = HLA

What is CD
In molecular biology,
CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4)
is a glycoprotein found on the surface of
immune cells such as :
1. T helper cells,
2. monocytes,
3. macrophages, and
4. dendritic cells.
CD4 is a co-receptor that assists the T cell receptor (TCR)
in communicating with an antigen-presenting cell.

Pathway to antigen presentation

MHC = HLA class 1 & class 2

CD 8
&
CD4

MHC 1 CD8 Cell killing

Macrophage - APC MHC II with CD 4 T lymphocyte.

Macrophage

T lymphocyte

Natural killer cell

Target cell
(infected with a virus

Killer cell

Natural killer cell

NK cell
Target oriented
granules

Surface contact

Death of both
infected cell & virus

Innate to adaptive immune system.

Leucocyte movement from blood vessel

Intra vascular

Innate to adaptive immune system

Complement system

Membrane attack
complex (MAC)

Cell lysis

APC

Innate

Adaptive

The kinetics of the innate & adaptive immune response

Circulating
molecule

Physico-chemical
barrier

Cellular
Cellular
Circulating
molecule

Initial response

Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 21 February 2012 07:51 AM)

Later response

T lymphocyte
activation
2005 Elsevier

Resume:

Immune system

Innate Immune system

Circulating molecule
(Next lecture)

Adaptive immune system

Cellular
APC

Dendrit cell

Macrophage
MH
CIII

NK cell

Phagocytosis - Killing

CD
48

T lymphocyte Th0

Th 1

Th 2

B cell

B cell
Hypersensitive